Fundus Image Classification Using Convolutional Neural Network

Different eye disease has clinical use in defining of the actual status of eye, in the outcome of the medication and other alternatives in the curative phase. Mainly simplicity, clinical nature are the most important requirements for any classification system. In the existing they used different machine learning techniques to detect only single disease. Whereas deep learning system, which is named as Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can show hierarchical representing of images between disease eye and normal eye pattern.

Influence of Morphological Attributes of Cowpea Genotypes on Oviposition of Pulse Beetle (Callasobruchus maculatus F.)

Background: Cowpea is an excellent host for Callasobruchus maculatus (F.). These beetles cause havoc in stored cowpea. They have the habit of cementing their eggs to the surface of the host seeds. Hence, the present study was aimed to the find the influence of morphological characters of cowpea varieties/genotypes on oviposition of the pulse beetle. Methods: The ovipositional preference of C. maculatus on 14 cowpea varieties/genotypes was studied under the free choice condition and the data thus obtained were correlated with the morphological characters like seed shape, colour and texture. Result: Each variety/genotype had a significant effect on egg laying by C. maculatus. Significantly least oviposition was noticed in GC 3 (35.33 eggs), having a rough testa texture and greater number of eggs were found on GC 1612 (117.33 eggs) having smooth texture. The pulse beetle preferred smooth textured seeds for egg laying irrespective of its shape and colour. This was again confirmed by one of the genotypes GC 1702, which belongs to the Holstein group based on the eye pattern of the cowpea, in this genotype the pulse beetle preferred to lay eggs on the smooth brown portion surrounding the hilum than the wrinkled white portion.

Short Communication: Characterization and nutrient analysis of seed of local cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) varieties from Southwest Maluku, Indonesia

Karuwal RL, Suharsono, Tjahjoleksono A, Hanif N. 2021. Short Communication: Characterization and nutrient analysis of seed of local cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) varieties from Southwest Maluku, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 85-91. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is a legume species that have many local varieties across regions in Indonesia, including in Southwest Maluku District. It has been utilized by the community as raw materials, but mainly for food sources of self-consumption. While there are rich local varieties of cowpea in Southwest Maluku, the data about its morphological characters and nutritional compositions are not available. The objectives of the research were to analyze morphological characters and nutritional compositions of local seven cowpea varieties from Southwest Maluku and classify these varieties according to such characters and compositions. Morphological characters observed consisted of shape, color, texture, eye pattern, eye color, size (length, width, thickness), and 100-grain weight. Nutritional composition consisted of proximate analysis tested using AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemist) method and folic acid content using HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) method. The results showed that the varieties have significant variation in morphological characters and nutrition composition. There are differences in shape, color, texture, eye pattern, and color. Seed size in terms of length, width and thickness have range values of 5-9 mm, 4-6 mm, 3-4 mm, respectively while seed weight ranges 11-19 g. Furthermore, nutrition composition is significantly affected by varieties. Moisture content ranges between 11-17%, ash content of 3.13-3.97%, fat content of 0.58-1.42%, protein of 15.5-20.76%, carbohydrate of 58.46-63.48% and folic acid content of 100.13-131.57 µg/mL. There is significant correlation between morphology characters and nutrition composition. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that local varieties can be classified into three clusters. Therefore, KM1, KM3, KM4 and KM7 varieties that have the highest size, weight, and nutrition composition can be selected in plant breeding.

Exploring the Dzi Bead with Synchrotron Light: XRD, XRF Imaging and μ-XANES Analysis

The origin of Dzi beads, also called “tian zhu”, has always been a mystery. These beads come in a variety of patterns, shapes and sizes. They have cultural and heritage significance in Tibet and areas surrounding the Himalayas. The most recognized beads are those with the “eye” pattern. They are said to ward off evil spirits. Due to their reputation, the demand for Dzi beads has increased in Asia. Herein, we report a study of a Dzi bead with a three-eye pattern using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and imaging techniques. This is a novel area for Dzi bead research using X-rays from a synchrotron light source to determine the chemical composition of the bead, if the pattern is natural or man-made or if the bead is genuine or a replica. These techniques revealed the bead to be composed of agate (silicon dioxide). An interesting feature on the bead’s surface was the etched rings, which were observed to contain regular copper hot spots on their circumference. Our results suggest that the Dzi bead was genuine and started out as an earth-formed agate, with the pattern crafted.

Pattern of variation and grouping of qualitative morphological characters of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)

<p>Morphological field evaluation to characterize the phenotypical features of 33 Bambara groundnut accessions was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of Department of Crop Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State; Nigeria. Qualitative morphological descriptors showed a varying degree of variation across the Bambara groundnut collections evaluated. In relation to other descriptors, ground colour of eye displayed the highest range of variation, while eye pattern of the accessions recorded the least discriminating feature. The accessions were resolved into five groups based on similarities on morphological characters and not on geographical place of origin.</p><p><span><br /></span></p>

New Optical Codes Based on Construction of Parity Check Matrix of LDPC Codes

In this paper, new spectral optical codes based on the construction parity check matrix of LDPC codes were designed and implemented in an optical code-division multiple access communication system. Two types optical family codes can be obtained with respectively a cross correlation of {\lambda _c} = 0 and {\lambda _c} = 1. In each case, the codes can either be decoded using the direct detection or the balanced detection. Performance was evaluated by referring to the Q factor, the bit error rate and the eye pattern diagrams using Optisystem 9.0.

ANALISAH KECEPATAN DOWNLOND FILE MAYANG SARI 175100024

AbstrakKomunikasi data telah menjadi kebutuhan untuk bertukar data antar pengguna dalam suatu jaringan komputer. Dengan menggunakan Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) sebagai media transmisi data, diharapkan tundaan waktu dalam bertukar data menjadi semakin kecil dan reabilitas jaringan komputer juga terjamin. POF dipilih karena kemudahan dalam proses instalasi dan terminasinya. POF membutuhkan perangkat transceiver agar dapat digunakan pada jaringan komputer. Transceiver optik dapat menggunakan berbagai jenis antar muka, salah satunya RS232. Antar muka RS232 dapat digunakan untuk membentuk jaringan peer-to-peer. Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan kajian secara eksperimen tentang pengaruh kecepatan dan besarnya data yang dikirim terhadap performansi jaringan peer-to-peer dengan media POF. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kecepatan yang digunakan memberikan pengaruh terhadap delay, thoughput, dan parameter eye pattern. Dengan semakin tingginya kecepatan yang digunakan, nilai delay semakin turun dari 836 detik ke 24 detik, nilai throughput semakin naik dari 1.196 bps ke 29.412 bps, nilai noise margin semakin turun dari 89,505% ke 81,248%, nilai timing jitter naik dari 1,654% ke 48,580%, dan nilai bit rate naik dari 1.196 bps ke 37.369 bps. Kata Kunci — Kecepatan, throughput, RS232, dan POF Kata Kunci : ANALISIS PENGARUH PERUBAHAN KECEPATAN KOMUNIKASI DATA