State-of-the-art progress in tracking plasmon-mediated photoredox catalysis

Metal nanocrystals (NCs), particularly for plasmonic metal NCs with specific morphology and size, can strongly interact with ultraviolet-visible or even near-infrared photons to generate energetic charge carriers, localized heating, and electric field enhancement. These unique properties offer a promising opportunity for maneuvering solar-to-chemical energy conversion through different mechanisms. As distinct from previous works, in this review, recent advances of various characterization techniques in probing and monitoring the photophysical/photochemical processes, as well as the reaction mechanisms of plasmon-mediated photoredox catalysis are thoroughly summarized. Understanding how to distinguish and track these reaction mechanisms would furnish basic guidelines to design next-generation photocatalysts for plasmon-enhanced catalysis.

RADAR SYSTEMS OF SPECIAL PURPOSE AS POWERFUL SOURCES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN THE ENVIRONMENT

The work contains the results of the electromagnetic radiation at the location sites of the radio-engineering means for special purpose and the effect of this factor on health. The space – time dissemination appropriatenesses of the electromagnetic radiation of the circular scanning radar of Dalemir type and vertical scanning radar of Vysotomir type have been determined with the help of personal elaborations and modern methods of the investigation. It was established that a real energetic charge on the family members and civil population living in the military settlements is greater nearly by 20 fold than for specialists supplying the radio-engineering means. This category of the population is a contingent of the elevated risk. The results of the biological and hygienic studies fulfilled on the laboratory white rats testifies that the electromagnetic radiation of the radio-engineering means for special purpose in different periods of the experiment causes the changes in the indices of nervous system, biochemical process of the immune system, reproductive function. On the basis of the fulfilled study the following hygienic standards for the population have been recommended: for the circular scanning radars – 15 W/cm2 at 24 hours object radiation and – 40 W/cm2 at 8 hours object radiation, and for vertical scanning radar – 10 and 30 W/cm2 correspondently this. Other measures on the population health protection have been elaborated.

Controlling charge transfer in fullerene/phthalocyanine electron donor-acceptor conjugates/hybrids

Fullerenes and phthalocyanines are ideally suited for devising integrated, multi-component model systems to transmit and process solar energy. Implementation of C 60 as a three-dimensional electron acceptor bears great promises on account of its small reorganization energy in electron transfer reactions and has exerted a noteworthy impact on the improvement of light-induced charge separation. This mini-review describes how the specific composition of phthalocyanines chromophores associated with C 60 – yielding artificial light-harvesting antenna and reaction center mimics – have been elegantly utilized to tune the electronic couplings between donor and acceptor sites. Specifically, the effects that these parameters have on the rate, yield and lifetime of the energetic charge-separated states are considered.