Background-oriented schlieren technique in experimental research regarding the effect of explosion pressure

In the following paper, experimental results regarding the effect of explosion pressure are obtained from open field experiments with detonation of explosive charges. In addition, sensors that can be used for security applications for the detection of toxic and explosive compounds, as well as mobile systems for the detection of shock waves due to explosions were used to acquire more detailed results. Sensors are the main components in products and systems used to detect chemicals and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) targeting applications in several fields, such as: industrial production and the automotive industry (detection of polluting gases from cars, medical applications, indoor air quality control. The sensory characteristics of a robot depend very much on its degree of autonomy, the applications for which it was designed and the type of work environment. The sensors can be divided into two categories: internal status sensors (sensors that provide information about the internal status of the mobile robot); external status sensors (sensors that provide information about the environment in which the robot operates). Another classification of these could be: distance sensors, position sensors, environmental sensors - sensors that provide information about various properties and characteristics of the environment (example: temperature, pressure, color, brightness), inertial sensors.

AiStudy on the Behavior of an Underwater Explosion Bubble near a Rigid Wall

The dynamic approach to an underwater explosion (UNDEX) is a complex episode that involves shockwave propagation, bubble pulse with high pressure, and water jet impact. This paper proposes linkage of Finite Element Avenue (FEM) and Companion of Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) to supply promised data of large deformations and flow simulation of fluid and gas where the bubble interaction is near a stiff wall. To conduct the process, a 7.5 m x 9.0 m Eulerian domain and explosive charges of 10 g, 35 g, and 55 g TNT are built in a free field, respectively. Numerical analysis, as far as a comparison with research from E. Klaseboer, has been given in this study. The important results obtained from the CEL approach imply high expectations. In spite of the fact that this approach is not adequately consistent to totally supplant a live test, it can be utilized as an outline database to anticipate outcomes of managing an UNDEX with a high pressure bubble. The behavioral explosion from an UNDEX bubble near a rigid wall is a prospective contribution in this research. With these results, this technique can be used in further studies to examine UNDEX bubbles in the vicinity of deformable and complex structures.

Spectral Emission Signatures from Cased High Explosive Charges

Spectroscopic signatures of cased high-explosive charge denotations are examined using emission spectroscopy with sub nanometer resolution. Eleven distinct case materials are investigated for atomic features of their major alloying elements. Molecular features of case material combustion products are also investigated for five case materials. Emission is monitored within the 275–425 nm range for atomic features and in the 310–755 nm range for molecular features. Major alloying elements with concentrations greater than 5% are generally detected through atomic emission. Al, Cu, Fe, Mg, Cr, Mn, Pb, and Ni are all detected in concentrations less than 5%. Undetected elements include Zn, Nb, Ta, and V. Molecular emission from aluminum monoxide, titanium monoxide, and CN is measured for aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, and carbon fiber cases, respectively.

STUDIES OF THE SHAPED CHARGES EFFECT WITH A HEMISPHERICAL ECCENTRIC SHAPE RECESS FOR THE ROCKS DESTRUCTION

The method of outdoor installation of explosive charges is usually used in the destruction of rocks in conditions in which the method of drilling and blasting using borehole or borehole charges is difficult to apply due to objective conditions. The productivity of rock destruction by the outdoor installation of a concentrated charge is very low. This is due to the fact that such an explosion is characterized by a large loss of energy in the environment. The destruction of rocks by an explosion using shaped charges (CW) to destroy the rock is one solution to increase the useful energy of the destruction of the rock compared to charges placed outside. To achieve the optimal effect of destruction of the rock by cumulative charges, it is necessary to, so that for each type of rock, a specific type of shaped charges can be determined with the appropriate performance and efficiency of the use of explosives. The stronger the rock, the more efficient the short-circuit should be, and vice versa. Thus, for effective rock crushing, it is necessary to develop and produce a number of different types of shaped charges. The use of shaped explosive charges allows you to increase the utilization rate of the useful energy of the explosion and increase the destruction zone of the rock. At a fixed mass of the explosive, the destructive effect of the explosive charge placed on the surface of the rock, it depends on the shape of the charge and the geometric parameters of the charge. Shaped charges with an eccentric hemispherical shape have a coefficient of use of the useful energy of the explosion for the destruction of rock, more than 2.4 times compared to conventional concentrated charges of the same mass.

Multi-objective source scaling experiment

The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) performed an experiment at a site near Vicksburg, MS, during May 2014. Explosive charges were detonated, and the shock and acoustic waves were detected with pressure and infrasound sensors stationed at various distances from the source, i.e., from 3 m to 14.5 km. One objective of the experiment was to investigate the evolution of the shock wave produced by the explosion to the acoustic wavefront detected several kilometers from the detonation site. Another objective was to compare the effectiveness of different wind filter strategies. Toward this end, several sensors were deployed near each other, approximately 8 km from the site of the explosion. These sensors used different types of wind filters, including the different lengths of porous hoses, a bag of rocks, a foam pillow, and no filter. In addition, seismic and acoustic waves produced by the explosions were recorded with seismometers located at various distances from the source. The suitability of these sensors for measuring low-frequency acoustic waves was investigated.

Issues of Data Acquisition and Interpretation of Paraseismic Measuring Signals Triggered by the Detonation of Explosive Charges

The paper tackles the issues of data acquisition during the measuring of vibrations caused by the detonation of explosive charges in various types of works (blasting in mines, demolition works, tunneling). Depending on the placement of an explosive charge (a charge detonated on the surface or a charge placed in a hole), it triggers side effects in the form of mechanical vibrations, which are propagated in the environment and may pose a hazard to buildings. In the case of propagation in the air, there is an acoustic wave and an airblast wave. For the assessment analysis on the impact of vibrations on buildings, a ground-propagated signal is used, while what is propagated by air is a disturbance. Selected examples in the paper demonstrate how an acoustic wave and an airblast wave interferes with the signal recorded by geophones. Afterwards, the paper presents the results of the tests conducted at a training area, during which various masses of explosive charges placed in different ways were detonated. The examples demonstrate that this interference may lead to the misinterpretation of recorded measurements. This paper is the first of two papers that will present the results of research into this matter and the suggested resolutions in order to eliminate this interference.