Analysis of the possibilities of individual admission to train work of employees of locomotive crew workers after high-tech medical interventions: on the need to change regulatory legal acts

Introduction. JSC "Russian Railways" monitors morbidity and changes in the health status of employees, including after the use of high-tech assistance methods (radiofrequency ablation, joint replacement, etc.). In some cases, JSC "Russian Railways made decisions on individual admission to training work of persons who have undergone such high-tech interventions, even if there are medical contraindications to work. The study aims to learn the feasibility of individual admission to work of train personnel after high-tech medical care. Furthermore, it makes the professional longevity of railway transport workers. Materials and methods. We analyzed the information for 2015-2020 about the identified medical contraindications in workers directly related to training traffic and shunting work, with rhythm and conduction disorders, surgical diseases, and lesions of large joints, including those aimed at high-tech assistance. In addition, the researchers evaluated the clinical and economic efficiency of their admission to work. Results. More than 70% of employees after radiofrequency ablation and joint replacement can return to train workers, which has brought an indirect economic effect of at least 150 million rubles over six years. It is a prerequisite for the revision of existing regulatory documents. Conclusions: The use of high-tech treatment methods makes it possible to prolong professional longevity through individual admission to train employees of the group of machinists, drivers, and their assistants. The research showed an indirect economic effect for the railway industry for at least 150 million rubles over six years, which is the basis for changing medical expert approaches and medical contraindications to work directly related to training traffic.

EXPRESS METHOD FOR TREATING NEGATIVE EMOTIONAL STATES IN DENTISTS

This paper is aimed to examine the prevalence of such negative emotional states as tension, anxiety and depression among students and dentists (n=80). Herein, we developed the "Method for treating negative emotional states" and analyzed its effectiveness. The data of questionnaire survey and determination of adaptive potential were assessed according to R.M. Baevsky. It was revealed that such parameter as decrease in the heart rate by 7 beats per minute could be used as a criterion to evaluate the effectiveness of treating negative emotional states in medical professionals. It has been proved that our original method is effective in managing negative emotional states, thus maintaining working ability, professional longevity and mental health among specialists and future doctors.

PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT TO THE CREWS OF A PILOTED SPACE SYSTEM: HISTORY, GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND EFFECTIVENESS

Psychological support to the crew is crucial for the space mission accomplishment, and cosmonauts' professional longevity. In advance of remote space exploration mission we need to sum up the accumulated knowledge and lessons. The paper gives a retrospect of the psychological support to space crews and highlights its basic goals and methods.

Mental Skills of an Athlete as a Resource of Professional Longevity in Sport

The aim of the study was to assess associations between dimensions of mental skills, psychological readiness and predictors of career longevity among current athletes. Mental skills dimensions were measured with the Ottawa Mental Skills Assessment Tool (OMSAT). The psychological predictors of athletic career longevity were measured with the Athletic Coping Skills Scale-28 (the ACSI-28) producing scores for seven coping skills and with the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) which produced scores for confidence in competition. Overall, 253 current athletes (average age 22 years) of various competitive levels (classified to 5 groups according to the national sport classification system) participated in the study. The results showed that coping skills and confidence in competition positively associated with various range of mental skills dimensions. The competitive level was related to stress reactions, fear control, focusing, refocusing and imagery coping skills. The results suggest that some mental skills may came with experience, while the development of other mental skills may require interventions to reduce the likelihood of early termination of the professional career and achieve career longevity. The results also discussed in terms of a holistic perception of sports psychology and focuses not only on performance, but also on the well-being and sustainable development of the athletes.

The influence of uv radiation on health and professional activities of athletes

Currently, the problem of improving sports performance and increasing professional longevity is relevant, which is directly related to the indicators of physical performance and the prevention of diseases, including those of the musculoskeletal system that are common in athletes. Intense loads and muscle fatigue lead to a constant overstrain and increase the risk of injury and the development of diseases of the musculoskeletal system in this professional group. The balance of calcium and phosphorus in the body is essential for ensuring the normal structure and function of the musculoskeletal system, and vitamin D plays a primary role in maintaining this balance. Recent studies aimed at researching the availability of vitamin D for athletes often reveal insufficiency and defi ciency of this vitamin. It is known that the main source of vitamin D is its formation in the skin by ultraviolet radiation; it is proved that even with prolonged and intense sunlight there is no overproduction, and therefore, no toxic eff ects associated with hypervitaminosis D. However, the effect of UV rays on the human body can lead to the development of skin malignancies, therefore, the use of sunscreens is necessary during insolation.

New approaches to medical and physical rehabilitation of athletes with professional diseases

The lack of an integrated approach to treatment and rehabilitation in sports medicine can lead to a decrease in professional longevity and, in some cases, disability of athletes. This article demonstrates the effectiveness of a systematic approach to the correction of professional diseases of athletes. Objective. To substantiate the effectiveness of the developed treatment and rehabilitation programs based on an integrated multidisciplinary approach to the correction of specific pathologies. This article analyzes the structure of the professional morbidity of athletes. The authors have demonstrated the effectiveness of the developed rehabilitation programs for athletes with occupational diseases, and showed the high efficiency of a combination of surgical and therapeutic correction of occupational diseases with the subsequent use of rehabilitation measures. The use of the medical rehabilitation programs slowed down the progression of occupational diseases in athletes, or evened out the negative consequences of existing diseases by 87.3%. In addition, the researchers proposed the use of the approach of professional retraining, taking into account the functional capabilities of the body of athletes. The established high therapeutic efficiency of the developed rehabilitation programs for athletes with occupational diseases allows them to be recommended for wide practical use by specialists working in the field of sports medicine.

Analysis of motivation for acting subjects in diagnostics of occupational diseases

Introduction. There is a shallow detection rate of occupational diseases in Russia. A large number of acting subjects are usually involved in the diagnosis of diseases. There is considered the current cooperation between the acting subjects responsible for diagnostics of occupational diseases in various modes. Material and methods. A search was conducted for data that described the main trends concerning conflict of interest in occupational health. Questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were conducted on issues related to the diagnosis of occupational diseases of specialists working in various branches of this field of medicine Results. The author performed the analysis of existing conflicts of interest in acting subjects in the detection and diagnosis of occupational diseases and established the most significant acting subjects. Among them the most pronounced conflicts of interest were shown to be determined by employers (as institutions, and specific managers and doctors performing examinations of workers in harmful conditions, and the managing stuff of these medical institutions, as well as by the employees themselves, who are subject to these examinations. When analyzing the motivation of acting subjects, the primary and financial interest was shown to have less significance than the secondary one. Mutual connectivity in the implementation of secondary interests adjudicates a persistent configuration, which determines both the low detection rate of occupational diseases, including at early stages, and lack of opportunities for prolonging professional longevity. The existence of a conflict of interest is not evil in itself. Still, its resolution is always associated with obtaining benefits, including the entire country’s level (saving the lives of the working population). Conclusion. To increase staff lifespan and work longevity through the analysis of all acting subjects, it is necessary to improve managing decisions to achieve the predominant primary interests. The study of the conflicts of interest can be an effective method of understanding and improving the health system in occupational health to preserve public health and increase the working population’s longevity.

THE FRAGMENT OF RESEARCH THE QUALITY OF LIFE AND PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT OF DOCTORS IN CHILDREN'S POLYCLINICS IN VOLGOGRAD

The level of medical care to patients and the success of the implementation of the national project "Health" depend on the health status and doctor's professionalism. Modern healthcare reform is being implemented by optimizing costs, merging medical organizations, closing ineffective hospitals, expanding the use of high-tech care and informatization of the doctor's activities. All this makes it necessary to assess the health of doctors. Scientists have studied the quality of life and identified the professional (emotional) burnout of doctors in children's clinics in different age groups. Primary care pediatricians have a higher quality of life score when compared to the standard [1]. However, all groups have a high level of professional burnout. The pre-retirement group of doctors has more unfavorable profile. They are highly professional specialists but may experience emotional discomfort because the pension system has been reformed. This situation requires the introduction of preventive work with doctors of this age as a group with great potential and capable of professional longevity.