Loneliness, Complaining and Professional Burnout of Medical Personnel of Psychiatric Wards during COVID-19 Pandemic—Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Professional burnout in the medical community has been present for a long time, also among mental health professionals. The aim of the study was to examine the links between loneliness, complaining and professional burnout among medical personnel in psychiatric care during a pandemic. Loneliness and complaining of the medical staff are not documented in the literature well enough. Methods: Oldenburg Burnout Questionnaire, the Loneliness Scale, the Complaint Questionnaire and author’s questionnaire. The respondents: 265 medical employees—doctors (19.2%), nurses (69.8%), paramedics (4.9%), medical caregivers (5.7%). Results: Loneliness and complaining are significant predictors of exhaustion. The model explains 18% of exhaustion variance. Loneliness, complaining and job seniority are also predictors of disengagement; the model allows to predict 10% of the variance of disengagement. Women are more prone to complain. Complaining significantly correlates with direct support from management. A high rate of loneliness correlates, in a statistically significant way, with worse work organization, less management support, worse atmosphere in the team and with more irresponsible attitudes of colleagues. Conclusions: Loneliness and complaining can be used to predict occupational burnout. Women and people without management support complain more often. Loneliness is connected with bad work organization and bad cooperation in a team.

Assessment of professional burnout of media workers

The results of an assessment of professional burnout of media workers are presented. Recommendations on reduction of the burnout syndrome impact are provided. The assessment was conducted using the professional burnout diagnostics method by K. Maslach and S. Jackson adapted by N.E. Vodopyanova. The burnout syndrome is considered to be a three-dimensional component consisting of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal achievement reduction. The study involved Irkutsk regional newspapers, radio broadcasting, television and Internet media. A total of 155 people participated were surveyed: 113 females and 42 males. Most of them suffer from the professional burnout syndrome. To verify the results obtained, age and work experience were taken into account. According to the results obtained, the degree of depersonalization increases with aging. The longer the participant works, the stronger the depersonalization component. The personal achievement reduction also depends on these components. The younger the editorial staff member and the shorter his/her work experience, the stronger the negative self-esteem, underestimation of own professional achievements and success. Conversely, the more mature the journalist is, the more positively he evaluates his professional competence and creativity. At the same time, emotional exhaustion manifests itself in all respondents, regardless of their age: in two studies, the average and high degrees were revealed. It is this component that makes a contribution to the professional burnout of journalists. To reduce the impact of the syndrome, a set of preventive measures has been developed. They can prevent economic and resource losses, and increase labor productivity. The methods of preventing professional burnout are aimed at preventing emotional exhaustion, and in extreme cases - at relieving negative symptoms and combating negative consequences. They can improve productivity of media workers and reduce psychosocial risks.

Professional burnout of nursing team working to fight the new coronavirus pandemic

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify burnout and associated factors among nursing workers working in coping with COVID-19. Methods: a cross-sectional study, developed in four hospitals in a capital in southern Brazil. Sample (n=499) composed of nurses and nursing technicians/assistants, who answered an online form containing socio-occupational characterization and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed, including multiple comparison tests. Results: burnout was identified in 60 (12%) workers, with no significant difference between hospitals, but with a difference in dimensions between them. In the emotional exhaustion dimension, a higher proportion (52.9%) was found at a moderate level. Prevalence of high level of professional achievement of 95.4% was identified. Conclusion: the presence of burnout was significantly prevalent among nurses and females. It reinforces the need to develop strategies to promote the health of nursing workers, providing improvement in health services and reduction of care and labor risks.

The Impact of the Attitude of Medical Staff From Burnout on the Level of Ongoing Medical Services

This chapter describes how contemporary, dynamic development in all available human areas is unavoidable and necessary. However, along with the benefits and progress made by civilization, there is also a growing margin of vulnerability and unfavorable price developments. Professional burnout is becoming a global problem. It identifies the limits of current human capabilities to the serious phenomenon. In particular, nurses and medical rescuers, who are in direct contact with the patient, experience unpleasant symptoms of burnout.

Relationships between professional burnout and job demands, resources among workers in an industrial plant in Lithuania

Burnout can negatively affect both workers’ health and safety in an organization [1]. The current study was oriented to identify the main risk and protective factors, which might predict professional burnout among workers in an industrial plant in Lithuania using the Job demands-resources model [2, 3]. 249 industrial and 74 administrative workers from one organization filled out a self-administered questionnaire. Scales from COPSOQ II (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) were used in a cross-sectional survey. With reference to the research results, there were no significant differences in professional burnout between industrial and administrative workers. However, scores of work pace, safety climate, possibilities for development, influence at work, recognition and organizational justice were higher in a group of administrative employees as compared to their colleagues from the industrial departments. Moreover, different factors were found to predict employees’ physical, emotional and mental exhaustion: emotional demands predicted burnout in administrative workers’ group, while quantitative demands, work-family conflict, possibilities for development- among industrial workers. Organizational justice was the only protective factor to predict lower burnout in both groups of employees.

Individual factors that cause professional burnout syndrome in social workers, employed in community rehabilitation centre for addictive diseases

At the theoretical and empirical levels, the article reveals individual factors that cause professional burnout syndrome in social workers, employed in community rehabilitation centre for addictive diseases. Addiction is considered a disease that has aspects of biological, psychological, social, and spiritual nature. Professional burnout syndrome can be understood from different points of view that in total comprise a general concept and consist of the following aspects: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decrease in self-realization. Research object is individual factors that cause professional burnout syndrome in social workers, employed in community rehabilitation centres for addictive diseases. The aim of the article is to reveal individual factors that cause professional burnout syndrome in social workers, employed in community rehabilitation centre for addictive diseases. Tasks: 1) to provide theoretical assumptions about individual factors that cause professional burnout syndrome; 2) based on experiences of social workers to reveal individual factors that cause professional burnout syndrome in social workers, employed in community rehabilitation centre for addictive diseases. Research methods are academic literature analysis, document analysis, and qualitative research. In the study, semi-structured interviews, quality (content) analysis, summarizing method were used.Empirical research revealed that individual factors that cause the development of professional burnout syndrome in social workers, employed in community rehabilitation centres for addictive diseases, are related to: employees’ feelings of inferiority and imposition of excessive requirements on themselves (timidity, self-devaluation; feeling of guilt; lack of self-evaluation skills and imposition of excessive requirements on oneself); personal qualities (too much empathy, attachment to clients or doubts about the meaning of work); individual factors related to the environment (having nobody to talk to about problems, inability to change the environment, prolonged stress, narrowing of interests outside work, and forced abandonment of activities that previously preventively helped to combat professional burnout syndrome). Individual factors related to clients (collapse of hopes to help the client and excessive responsibility of the social worker for the client’s life). Participants of the research became “inaccessible” to family members, were unable to distance themselves from work stress (worries outside work, obsessive thoughts that hinder dissociation from work, inability to relax, use of free time for work activities); felt a lack of general and professional competencies.

Estimating the Efficiency of the “Proactive Behavior Training” in the Formation of the Doctor’s Adherence to Preventive Work

Today the public health service faces numerous pressing challenges, including not only treatment, but also prevention of diseases. A theoretical analysis of materials on this topic shows that insufficient adherence of doctors to preventive work can be associated not only with a high level of their professional burnout, but also with their usual reactive coping strategies, which is caused by the traditional conservatism of the medical community. Previous studies have shown that the solution to the described problem may lie in the formation of a system of proactive coping behaviors and reduction of professional burnout among doctors. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficiency of the Proactive Behavior Training developed by V.Yu. Slabinsky and N.M. Voishcheva in the formation of a doctors adherence to preventive work. The sample consisted of 125 people (112 women, 13 men). Their age range was from 24 to 68 years. The work experience ranged from less than 1 year to 45 years. The experimental group and the control group consisted of 64 and 61 people respectively. The research was conducted using the following techniques: Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI); Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI); Proactive Coping Inventory (PCI); BAK conflict; projective test My job; and case method (unstructured cases). The statistical analysis was carried out using the Wilcoxon test for compare the test results before and after the training, and the Fisher criterion (*-criterion) for check statistically significant differences in the frequency of occurrence of the selected criteria. The results of the case method were processed by content analysis. It was revealed that, in primary care physicians (PCPs), the Proactive Behavior Training develops a system of proactive coping strategies (proactive overcoming, reflexive overcoming, preventive overcoming, seeking instrumental support and seeking emotional support); it reduces the level of professional burnout (increasing professional success and reducing emotional exhaustion) and potentiates the positive past time perspective. A positive influence on the emotional and imaginative perception of physicians of their professional activities was found, which is confirmed by the results of the projective test My job. It was noted that the participants in the training developed such traits as diligence, optimism and tenderness, which contributes to the manifestation of a more humane attitude towards their patients, and, as a consequence, a greater efficiency in their preventive activities. These results, as well as the content analysis data for the texts of the tasks completed by the doctors and reviews obtained from the heads of the medical organizations, the employees of which participated in the training, confirm the efficiency of the Proactive Behavior Training in developing the PCPs adherence to preventive work.

PREVENTION AND OVERCOMING METHODS OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION EDUCATORS’ BURNOUT

The article reveals the category ‘professional burnout’ and describes the ways of emotional states self-regulation of educators in modern preschool educational institutions. Methods for improving kindergarten teachers’ professional competence and self-esteem are clarified. It is defined how to find balance and harmony in professional activity to avoid overload and prevent professional burnout.The changes that are taking place in preschool education today place new demands on kindergarten teachers’ professional training. To optimize educators’ activities, it is necessary to balance the mode of their work and rest. Only by paying due attention to this issue can we avoid the phenomenon of professional burnout, which is quite common today.Attitudes towards colleagues, children, and parents should be based on the basic principles of partnership pedagogy, in particular respect for the individual, positive attitude and friendliness, and distributed leadership. In these conditions, educators of preschool educational institutions will be able to achieve maximum success in their activities, create effective learning and play environments that will form a comprehensively developed personality, and help the kindergarten teacher to maintain enthusiasm for many years.The article emphasizes that professionals must be able to resist the influence of adverse external factors that occur during professional activities. The key vectors of the educator’s life position should be optimism, self-efficacy, and the use of productive strategies to have their emotional state, to remain calm in any situation. It is necessary to be able to maintain mental balance, internal and external resources, and creative potential.

FEATURES OF PROFESSIONAL BURN OUT SYNDROME IN NURSES

The article gives the definition and characteristics of the syndrome of professional burnout. The data of a sociological survey of nurses of the department to identify the syndrome of professional burnout in nurses and determine its phase are presented. A direct correlation was revealed between the length of service and the phase of the syndrome; work experience, phase of the syndrome and the formation of a tendency to bad habits. The necessity of prevention of professional burnout syndrome at its first symptoms in nurses has been determined

ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО ВИГОРАННЯ ОСОБИСТОСТІ

У статті наголошується актуальність проблеми зростання професійного вигорання особистості, адже емоційне благополуччя фахівця є одним із визначальних факторів професійного життя. Соціально-політичні та соціально-економічні зміни висувають нові умови праці, що безумовно впливає на психологічний та соматичний стан особистості. Синдром емоційного вигорання є формою професійної хвороби, яка не тільки руйнує професійну діяльність людини, а й спричиняє виникнення психосоматичних захворювань. Найбільша небезпека синдрому професійного вигорання в тому, що розвивається він майже непомітно і якщо ігнорувати його перші ознаки, то задоволеність від професійної діяльності з кожним днем буде зменшуватись, звичні робочі завдання що зазвичай виконувались з легкістю стануть складними, досягнені результати будуть знецінюватись, колеги почнуть викликати роздратування, соматичний стан буде погіршуватись з кожним днем, що призведе до втрати працездатності. У статті приділена увага дослідженню нозологічної приналежності синдрому, оскільки не дивлячись на те, що феномен досліджується більше тридцяти років, щодо його походження та приналежності виникає безліч теорій та суперечок. Розглянуто та проаналізовано основні теоретичні моделі синдрому в сучасній та зарубіжній літературі. Охарактеризовано основні причини та симптоми, виділені основні фактори що сприяють його формуванню. Професійне вигорання не залежить лінійно від таких професійних факторів, як стаж, вік і зовнішня результативність професійної діяльності. Синдром професійного вигорання може формуватися не лише в осіб соціально орієнтованих професій, а й у представників інших професійних груп в тих випадках, коли на перше місце виходить високий ступінь відповідальності за виконувану роботу, нерівноемоційна напруга на роботі переважно в системі «людина – людина» та інші фактори. Водночас професійне вигорання особистості – це індивідуальний процес, причиною якого є поєднання суб’єктивних та об’єктивних чинників, які залежать не тільки від особистісних якостей людини а і від індивідуальної системи професійного розвитку та соціальних факторів. Література Бойко, В.В. (1999). Синдром «эмоционального выгорания» в профессиональном общении. Санкт-Петербург : Питер. Водопьянова, Н.Е. (2009). Психодиагностика стресса. Санкт-Петербург : Питер. Гринберг, Дж. (2004). Управление стрессом. Санкт-Петербург : Питер. Журавлева, Е.А., & Сергиенко, А.Л. (2011). Стресс, выгорание, совладание в современном контексте. Москва : Изд-во «Ин-т психологии РАН». Лукьянова, В.В., Водопьянова, Н.Е., Орел, В.Е., Подсадной, С.А., Юрьева, Л.Н., & Игумнова, С.А (2008). Современные проблемы исследования синдрома выгорания у специалистов коммуникативных профессий. (Монография). Курск : Изд-во «Курский государственный университет». Мозгова, Г.П., Ханецька, Т.І., & Якимчук, О.І. (2021). Психосоматика: психічне, тілесне, соціальне. Хрестоматія: Навчальний посібник. Київ : НПУ імені М.П.Драгоманова. Орел, В.Е. (1999). Исследование феномена «психического выгорания» в отечественной и зарубежной психологии. Проблемы общей и организационной психологии, 76–97. Селье, Г. (2002). Стресс без дистресса. Москва : Прогресс. Самоукина, Н.В. (2003). Психология профессиональной деятельности. Санкт-Петербург : Питер. Burisch, M., Schaufeli, B., Maslach, C., & Marek, T. (1993). In search of theory: Some ruminations on the nature and etiology of burnout. Professional burnout: Recent developments in theory and research (pp. 75–93). New York : Taylor & Francis. Enzmann, M., Berief, P., Engelkamp, C. et al. (1992). Burnout and coping will burnout. Development and evaluation of a burnout workshop. Berlin : Technische Univercitat Berlin, Institut fur Psychologie. Freundberger, J. (1974). Staff burnout. Social Scienes, 30(1), 159–165. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1974.tb00706.x Hakanen, J., Bakker, A., Jokisaari, B., & Markku, A (2011). 35-year follow-up study on burnout among Finnish employees. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 16(3), 345–360. Maslach, C., & Jachson, S.E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 2, 99–113. Pains, A., & Maslach, C. (2003). Praktikum po sotsial’noi psikhologii [Experiencing social psychology]. Saint Petersburg : Piter, 528 p. (In Russ.). Storlie, F. (1979). Burnout: the elaboration of a concept. AJN Am J Nursing, 2108–2111. Shirom, A. (1989). Burnout in Work Organizations. In C.L. Cooper, & I. Robertson (Eds.), International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (pp. 25–48). New York : Wiley.