The Fight against Corruption in Sport: International and National Experience

Corruption is a particularly dangerous scourge, which encompasses the whole of society, all spheres of human activity, and by virtue of this, it also encompasses education, whether we want to recognize it or not. Corruption flourishes in times of great social unrest, in times of crisis that societies are going through, especially in the period of transition from a totalitarian regime to a democratic society. The factor generating corruption is the socio-economic crisis, having as causes: weakening of state authority, degradation of living standards, altered moral judgment, lack of effective control levers, diminished public confidence in institutions and social values, non-adaptation of legislation to economic and social conditions and so on Sport is one of the largest businesses in the world, being influenced and influencing in turn both financial and political interests. Every year, millions of dollars and Euros circulate in this area, most of the transactions and agreements taking place behind closed doors, in order to keep any possible advantage over the competition. This fierce competitiveness, together with the lack of transparency, makes the sports field extremely vulnerable to corruption acts. Summarizing the results of our study, we can conclude: the fight against corruption is an opportunity for beneficiary institutions, which can strengthen and improve their systems for preventing and combating corruption and money laundering and asset recovery, by reference to worldwide first-class practices and standards. Following intense consultations with all beneficiaries in the Republic of Moldova: Minister of Education, Culture and Research, National Olympic and Sports Committee, Paralympics’ Committee, Sports Federations and other structures in the country, in order to ensure effective support in the field of physical culture and sports. The direct relations with the interested actors contribute to the creation of a positive framework, which will favour the general success of the future activities that will take place in obtaining the expected results.

Use of halo fixation therapy for traumatic cranio-cervical instability in children: a systematic review

Purpose Traumatic cranio-cervical instability in childhood is rare and constitutes a challenge for the treating surgeon. The aim of therapy is to restore cervical stability without limiting the range of motion. The goal of this systematic review was to find out whether, over the last 10 years, halo fixation (HF) could still be considered a successful treatment option without major risks or complications. Methods We analyzed studies describing the use of HF in traumatic injuries of the cranio-cervical junction in children under the age of 17. Searches were performed in PubMed, MEDLINE and Embase databases for the years from 2010 to 2020. The general success rate, the success rate related to underlying pathologies, and complication rates were evaluated. Results The main indications for HF range from pre-surgical correction to postoperative fusion support. C2 is the most frequently injured vertebra in children. The overall success rate of HF was very high. Evaluation according to the underlying pathology showed that, except for atlanto-occipital dislocation, HF generates high fusion rates among different patient cohorts, mainly in C2 vertebra injuries and atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation. Only minor complications were reported, such as pin infections. Conclusion The current data show that, when used according to the appropriate indication, HF is an effective conservative treatment option for cranio-cervical instability, associated with only minor complications.

A New Day? Revolution, Cold War, and Decolonization, 1950–1965

In the aftermath of World War II, global realities seemed to have been grouped into binary formats: the United States and the USSR in a policy the United States called “containment” and included the establishment of NATO and the Warsaw Pact, the Berlin Airlift, the Cuban Missile Crisis; and the Korean War. Violent decolonization rose for Great Britain in Malaysia and Kenya and for France in Vietnam and Algeria. Another chapter dichotomy was the general success of the civil rights movement in the United States and the concomitant strengthening of apartheid in South Africa.

Translating Sarcasm as Glad Tidings and Threat in Some Verses of the Holy Quran Into English

The present study focuses on translating the rhetorical meanings of sarcasm in the Holy Quran and the translated texts in an attempt to find a kind of compatibility between the two languages. It sheds light on the method of sarcasm in some verses of Holy Quran in an attempt to understand its purpose, meaning and clarify the differences involved in its translation into the English language. The study aims to present some conceptions of sarcasm and take them into consideration in observing the original texts for the purpose of showing whether the translators are able to properly translate the implicit meanings of sarcasm, based on Newmark’s Model (1988), “semantic and communicative translation”. Qualitative analysis is appropriate for the purpose of the study, as it is suited for exploring people’s attitudes, opinions, beliefs, perceptions, interactions and behaviors in various settings and where the approach is interpretative and the data are presented subjectively rather than statisticallyThe study hypothesizes that translating sarcasm leads to some potential problems for translators; one of the conclusions obtained from this study is the diversity of translations depending on the translator’s understanding of the meaning of the original text. The main findings that the translators have produced different translations depending on their understanding of the verse's meanings. In addition, in most cases, the renderings of the three translators sound appropriate (why) because they show the sarcastic function as it is in the (ST). So, the three translators in general success to express the intended ironical meaning as it is in the source text (The Holy Quran), and also, they manage to convey the sarcastic message implied.

The Invisible Cage: Workers’ Reactivity to Opaque Algorithmic Evaluations

Existing research has shown that people experience third-party evaluations as a form of control because they try to align their behavior with evaluations’ criteria to secure more favorable resources, recognition, and opportunities from external audiences. Much of this research has focused on evaluations with transparent criteria, but increasingly, algorithmic evaluation systems are not transparent. Drawing on over three years of interviews, archival data, and observations as a registered user on a labor platform, I studied how freelance workers contend with an opaque third-party evaluation algorithm—and with what consequences. My findings show the platform implemented an opaque evaluation algorithm to meaningfully differentiate between freelancers’ rating scores. Freelancers experienced this evaluation as a form of control but could not align their actions with its criteria because they could not clearly identify those criteria. I found freelancers had divergent responses to this situation: some experimented with ways to improve their rating scores, and others constrained their activity on the platform. Their reactivity differed based not only on their general success on the platform—whether they were high or low performers—but also on how much they depended on the platform for work and whether they experienced setbacks in the form of decreased evaluation scores. These workers experienced what I call an “invisible cage”: a form of control in which the criteria for success and changes to those criteria are unpredictable. For gig workers who rely on labor platforms, this form of control increasingly determines their access to clients and projects while undermining their ability to understand and respond to factors that determine their success.

Why Good Thinking Matters

This chapter explores the importance of good thinking in everyday life, and explains the role of intellectual virtue in good thinking. It begins by establishing the importance of character in the life well lived—something that becomes clear in light of the prospect of one’s own demise. The chapter goes on to emphasize intellectual character in particular. It then makes the case that intellectual virtues (e.g., carefulness, humility, and perseverance) foster such goods as general success in life, flourishing relationships, quality education, and the achievement of knowledge. It closes by establishing that intellectual virtues are not just for academics. Rather, they are for everyone.

Sociocultural Analysis of Millennials in Russia

The article provides a sociocultural analysis of parameters of the millennials, the generation which will become the basic workforce in Russia in the next 10 years. It being topical, the major attention of the paper is dedicated to market and micro-interactionist influence of basic traits of millennials. The issue of treating millennials is faced both sociologically and managerially. It is said that the large number of conflicts between millennials and older generations leads to systematic inconvenience and turbulence, as it does not allow young employees to integrate in corporate cultures and increase own labor efficiency, at the same time affecting older employees, the management and corporative performance. Another aspect of the core issue raised by the author is educating the youth. Understanding the set of core values of millennials, their strategies and tactics of behavior in the workplace also becomes a prerequisite for teachers to successfully train students of this generation in universities. This research, in addition to many recent ones, examines that millennials can be characterized with such distinctive features. They, being digital natives, shift to more rapid, discrete and depersonalized forms of communication. Focused on managing their personal image and identity, millennials prefer playing socially desirable roles and tend to reframe own failures into external misfortunes. This brings about the issue of meeting the set goals, and nowadays the youth tends to plan less and rather get more usual feedback which is expected to be positive. These features are most likely to breed intergeneration misunderstanding. However, what is surely discovered to be helpful in settling controversies is that millennials tend to be more flexible and tolerant than other generations, which tells on general success of interaction and effort. The author, addressing the challenges of communication with modern youth, offers recommendations based on his own pedagogical experience of interaction with millennials. These are: provide basic guidelines and time plans as well as assessment benchmarks. Managerial staff should also dedicate more effort to mentorship and peer-level communication.

Analysis of Student Opinions on the Motivation of Physical Education Lessons

The motivation assessment regarding the attendance of physical education classes was known by the survey of 652 students from the secondary school, 345 boys and 306 girls. We used the motivation study survey, where the questionnaire contained 9 questions regarding the activity within the physical education classes and 3 questions containing information about the students. After investigating the students we can say that most are motivated to come to school, participate actively in physical education, are not happy if the lesson is canceled, over 50% sometimes talk to parents about the activity, they do not want another teacher at class, he practices different sports, especially handball and football, besides they want to introduce tennis, and he does not attend physical education and sports classes to diminish the general success or avoid absences.

Terminated Students‟ Academic Performance: A Preliminary Assessment

The College of Engineering in Universiti TenagaNasional aims to continuously achieve higher rate of its engineering graduates. However, the rate of students been terminated from pursuing their studies due to their failure in achieving the academic standard set by the university is a major concern. This paper is a preliminary study on the terminated students’ academic performance. It analyses the correlation between mathematics courses with some other early engineering courses taken by the terminated students and finds that prior qualification relates to the students general success in academics. This study also finds that the trend in the number of terminated students is decreasing over the years of study.