FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SERUM COLLAGEN OF SEA CUCUMBER EXTRACT STICHOPUS HORRENS AS AN ANTIOXIDANT

Objective: The study was aimed to extract, formulate and characterize collagen extract of Stichopus horrens into serum preparations and decide antioxidant activity in powders and serum preparations. Methods: The sea cucumber meat was extracted collagen in three stages, namely the pretreatment stage using 0.3 M NaOH solution 1:10 (w/v) for 48 h, the hydrolysis step in the 0.3 M 1:10 acetic acid solution (w/v) for 48 h, and the extraction stage with distilled water 1: 2 (w/v) for 2 h at 45 °C. The collagen extract was freeze-dried to obtain collagen powder. Collagen powder was characterized by HPLC and its antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH method. Collagen powder formulated with extract variation of 0, 0.5 and 1%. Evaluation of serum included organoleptic, homogeneity, stability of pH and viscosity as well as antioxidant activity. Results: The results showed that collagen powder had a % yield of 0.24%, which consisted of the amino acids glycine, proline, alanine, and glutamic acid as the dominant amino acids. The % Free radical inhibition of collagen powder at concentration of 5000 ppm was 63.23%. IC50 values were obtained at 4045.37 ppm. The stability test resulted in stable serum preparations without significant changes at 4 °C and 27 °C±2 °C storage temperatures. Conclusion: The measurement of DPPH Radical reduction activity in the highest serum preparation was 1% extract with a value of 2.4%.

Sea grapes powder with addition of tempe rich in collagen: An anti-aging functional food

Background: This study aimed to determine the potential anti-aging effects of sea grapes and tempe (Fermented soybeans) collagen particle size, by measuring the activities of anti-glycation, antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitors. Methods: Collagen was isolated from sea grapes and tempe freeze dried powder and treated with different NaOH concentrations (0.10 M; 0.20 M; 0.30 M), and CH3COOH 1 M solution, separately. The collagen particle size was adjusted by stirring at 1000 rpm for 5 and 10 hours. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used to measure the antioxidant activity, and L-tyrosine and L-DOPA (l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) were used as a marker of tyrosine inhibition. Results: The collagen treated with 0.10 M NaOH produced the highest collagen yield (11.65%), and largest particle size (2455 nm). Additionally, this collagen, when treated for 5 hours, exhibited 24.70% antioxidant activity, 62.60% anti-glycation, 8.97% L-tyrosine, and 26.77% L-Dopa inhibition activities. Meanwhile, the collagen treated for 10 hours had a 9.98% antioxidant activity, 41.48% anti-glycation, 7.89% L-tyrosine, and 2.67% L-Dopa inhibition activity. Conclusion: Sea grapes and tempe collagen powder treated with 0.10 M NaOH and stirred for 5 hours, as functional foods have anti-aging properties.

Efficient Triazine Derivatives for Collagenous Materials Stabilization

Nowadays, the need to reduce plastic waste and scantly biodegradable fossil-based products is of great importance. The use of leather as an alternative to synthetic materials is gaining renewed interest, but it is fundamental that any alternative to plastic-based materials should not generate an additional environmental burden. In the present work, a simple protocol for collagen stabilization mediated by 2-chloro-4,6-diethoxy-1,3,5-triazine (CDET) and a tert-amine has been described. Different tert-amines were tested in combination with CDET in a standard amidation reaction between 2-phenylethylamine and benzoic acid. Best performing condensation systems have been further tested for the cross-linking of both collagen powder and calf hides. The best results were achieved with CDET/NMM giving high-quality leather with improved environmental performances.

Guided Bone Regeneration Using Collagen Scaffolds, Growth Factors, and Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells for Treatment of Peri-Implant Bone Defects In Vivo

Introduction. The aim of the study was an evaluation of different approaches for guided bone regeneration (GBR) of peri-implant defects in an in vivo animal model. Materials and Methods. In minipigs (n=15), peri-implant defects around calcium phosphate- (CaP-; n=46) coated implants were created and randomly filled with (1) blank, (2) collagen/hydroxylapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate scaffold (CHT), (3) CHT + growth factor cocktail (GFC), (4) jellyfish collagen matrix, (5) jellyfish collagen matrix + GFC, (6) collagen powder, and (7) collagen powder + periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC). Additional collagen membranes were used for coverage of the defects. After 120 days of healing, bone growth was evaluated histologically (bone to implant contact (BIC;%)), vertical bone apposition (VBA; mm), and new bone height (NBH; %). Results. In all groups, new bone formation was seen. Though, when compared to the blank group, no significant differences were detected for all parameters. BIC and NBH in the group with collagen matrix as well as the group with the collagen matrix + GFC were significantly less when compared to the collagen powder group (all: p<0.003). Conclusion. GBR procedures, in combination with CaP-coated implants, will lead to an enhancement of peri-implant bone growth. There was no additional significant enhancement of osseous regeneration when using GFC or PDLSC.