The reverse lip design: a design for safe and effective abdominoplasty

Conventional abdominoplasty includes the removal of an ellipse-shaped section of abdominal tissue between the umbilicus and mons pubis. However, this method can result in tension of the undermined flap, especially in the midline. To address this problem, we present reverse lip design as a modified method that also has aesthetic advantages. The reverse lip design entails a longer lower flap edge while preserving the triangular tissue in the vascularly stable pubis area. These markings create an image of a reverse lip shape with a cleft at the bottom of the lower markings. After typical lipoabdominoplasty is performed, redundant waist tissues can easily be pulled inward and downward. The reverse lip design abdominoplasty demonstrated no complications and required no further revisions after the procedure. Patients were generally satisfied with the aesthetic improvements in their body shape. They were also able to return to their routine activities approximately 1 week after the operation while wearing a supporting undergarment. This modified abdominoplasty using the reverse lip design reduces low midline tension of the undermined abdominal flap while enhancing body aesthetics with a slimmer waistline, leading to higher patient satisfaction.

ANALYTICAL STUDY OF FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF COLD FORMED STEEL SECTIONS WITH AND WITHOUT PERFORATION

This work is about the investigation of flexural behavior cold formed steel member of different cross sections with and without perforation under similar cross sectional area. This work gives idea about the performance of different sections under same loading condition among selected sections and highlights the increasing the flexural strength of member by using stiffener arrangement. In this work three different cross sectional shapes are selected which are C – section, Z – section and Hat shaped section of same cross sectional area analyzed with and without lip under same loading and end condition as well as with perforation. The selected specimens were analyzed analytically using ANSYS Workbench software which shown better comparison among analyzed different geometries of members. Effectiveness of providing edge stiffener to different perforated sections also determined in this work.

Dynamic Analysis of Blasting Effect on Nanjung Tunnel Stability

This study aims to dynamically analyze blasting conducted in the Nanjung tunnel. Nanjung Tunnel is a twin tunnel that has a horseshoe-shaped section with each tunnel having a dimension of 10.2 m x 9.2 m, and 230 meters in length. The layers rock of this tunnel include silty clay, sandstone and dacite. Blasting was carried out on one of the tunnels consisting of dacite rock, having a 75-90% RQD and UCS 49-61 MPa. During the blast, PPV measurements were taken at several points around the tunnel using a minimate.Dynamic analysis is done by building a Nanjung Tunnel model on the RS2 software with the finite element method. Input data in this modeling is endeavored to approach actual conditions in the field, such as tunnel geometry, rock mass properties, and blasting plans carried out at STA 30-32 tunnels 2. This modeling is expected to produce PPV that is close to actual PPV and the results of this model will be continued to the stability analysis tunnel 1.Modeling results indicate that the tunnel 1 condition is stable during blasting. The stability of tunnel 1 based on smallest strength factor on the roof is around 2.6. Stability also seen from the strain level in dacite and sandstone rocks which are 0.07% and 0.38%. These strain levels are still permissible according to the Sakurai strain level diagram, 1983.

The Geometry and Mechanics of Insect Wing Deformations in Flight: A Modelling Approach

The nature, occurrence, morphological basis and functions of insect wing deformation in flight are reviewed. The importance of relief in supporting the wing is stressed, and three types are recognized, namely corrugation, an M-shaped section and camber, all of which need to be overcome if wings are to bend usefully in the morphological upstroke. How this is achieved, and how bending, torsion and change in profile are mechanically interrelated, are explored by means of simple physical models which reflect situations that are visible in high speed photographs and films. The shapes of lines of transverse flexion are shown to reflect the timing and roles of bending, and their orientation is shown to determine the extent of the torsional component of the deformation process. Some configurations prove to allow two stable conditions, others to be monostable. The possibility of active remote control of wing rigidity by the thoracic musculature is considered, but the extent of this remains uncertain.