The lame man at the pool of Bethesda: Christological and doxological significance of characterisation in John 5

In any research of the biblical themes in Scriptures, the exegete must exercise discipline in strictly adhering to an exegetical process wherein the text is permitted to speak for itself in the context of the passage. This article therefore explored the literary traits and analysed characterisations in the story of the lame man at the pool of Bethesda as portrayed in John 5 through a ‘narratological and exegetical’ approach, considering literary, social, cultural and historical criticism with significant attention given to the text of the author or narrator. It is very important to know the author’s theological viewpoint as seen in the characterisation of an anonymous character in the related gospel narrative, because it may be easily be overlooked due to the lack of attention for a minor character. The author’s theological point of view is revealed in the characterisation of the lame man, the Jewish religious leaders, and of Jesus. Although the lame man himself is generally regarded as one of the ‘minor characters’ who appears in the gospel, the narrative of the lame man’s healing is an important part of John’s Christology and doxology, establishing Jesus as the Son whom God the Father sent to do God’s work not for his own glory, but for the glory of God the Father. An analysis is undertaken of the literary traits and various characterisations evident in the seven scenes of John 5’s account of the healing of the lame man, comparing him with other minor characters in John 4 and 9 who were healed.Contribution: In this article a narratological and exegetical approach is employed to identify the Christological and doxological significances in John 5 by exploring the literary traits of the narrative point of view and character presentation through the theological perspective of the narrator.

Between the Peechil-kamra and the Dabusa: Mapping Worldbuilding and Heterotopic Space on Board the Ibis in Amitav Ghosh’s Sea of Poppies

With the steady rise in the exploration of the idea of worldbuilding, studies have extensively researched the production and consumption of fantasy worlds created by animation studios like Disney and Studio Ghibli. However, the idea of worldbuilding remains inadequately studied in the context of South Asian fiction. This paper aims to engage with the thematic ramifications of ideas such as subcreation and worldbuilding by critically examining Sea of Poppies (2008), the first novel in Amitav Ghosh’s “Ibis” trilogy. The prevalent scholarship on this novel has largely romanticised the creation of the ship-community of jahaj-bhais and jahaj-bahens which was forged through the bond of jahaji-nata and have argued how, in the process of subcreating a world for themselves, the characters “transgress the accepted boundaries of race, gender, and caste” and free themselves from the artificial barriers and divisions prevalent on land. However, such a reading privileges the perspective of a few major characters such as Deeti and Paulette, while denying the multiple layers and hierarchies that permeate the physical space of the ship. Taking this as a point of departure, this paper explores through the eyes of a minor character, Jodu, how the dominant utopic narrative of jahaji-nata of Paulette and others may be challenged from within the heterotopic world of the Ibis. By reinforcing the structural inequities of our everyday lives in the subcreated world of the Ibis, Ghosh’s textual imagination constantly subverts the dominant perspective while holding the two worlds in precarious equilibrium.

“Quilted with Mighty Words to Lean Purpose”

This chapter zeroes in on the sartorial practices of the aptly named Jack Dapper from Thomas Dekker and Thomas Middleton’s The Roaring Girl. Taking up new materialism and ecocritical theory, it demonstrates that through his sartorial extravagance, especially his interest in feathers, and his related fiscal profligacy, Jack resists restrictions upon his sexuality as well as the patriarchal imperatives of wealth accumulation. Furthermore, his superficial embodiment fosters in him, as well as the audience, an awareness that new pleasures attend upon reimagining one’s relationship to nonhuman matter. The chapter also accesses the multiple, partially realized avenues for identification and desire that a text opens up through a minor character in a play whose efforts at characterization, plot, and theme seem focused elsewhere. Such a shift in focus to what seems peripheral and precarious can form the basis of a more nuanced account of the multiple, sometimes contradictory ways that sartorial extravagance could be viewed in the period.

The minor as major: Outsiderness and social class in Saara Turunen’s prose

Saara Turunen’s Sivuhenkilö is a work of autofiction, which tells the story of a year in its unnamed protagonist’s life. Despite her success as an author, the protagonist feels like a minor character in her own life: an outsider both because of her gender and her profession as a writer. In this article, I offer a critical reading of Turunen’s prose by asking what political implications are attached to her handling of outsiderness. I approach outsiderness not merely as a theme, but also as a genre-specific feature peculiar to the tradition of feminist rewriting. Based on my reading of Sivuhenkilö, I argue that regardless of its feminist potential, framing oneself as an outsider can function as a way of smoothing out differences and privileges, such as social class. Following this, I argue that the feminist stance explicitly presented in the novel is strongly connected to liberal and popular feminism.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE GENRE FORM "NOVEL" MODIFICATIONS (ON THE YURI ANDRUKHOVYCH’S NOVEL "DARLINGS OF JUSTICE" AND DANIEL KEHLMANN’S NOVEL “FAME. A NOVEL OF NINE STORIES ")

The article deals with modifications of the genre form "novel". These modifications consist of novellas but they show a new quality: the coherent harmonious whole. The comparative analysis extends to the text categories. The category of integrity is the hyper-category of text. It is a bipolar unity with discreteness. The tonality as a category belongs to the first degree categories and expresses bipolar unity of the personality/impersonality on a level with coherence and completeness. Then follow the second degree categories (major) - composition form text organization (KMF), architectonic form text organization (AMF) and oralness / writeness. To these categories submit the third degree categories (primary): phonologic, grammar, semantic and stylistic. They are primary only at the text and in the language system they can have two or more degrees. As the relationships of the parameter "text categories " equivalence, inclusiveness, intersection and inconsistency were considered. The comparison of the novels by Yurii Andrukhovych and by Daniel Kehlmann shows the equivalence of the text categories integrity, coherence and completeness (cohesion), oralness / writeness. The same applies to the categories KMF and AMF. It should be noted, that the equivalence is compensatory at the level of simple categories. Simultaneity of events as a manifestation of integrity is expressed in the novel ofAndrukhovych mainly by anachronisms, Kehlmann does not use they (relationship of inconsistency), but Kehlmann connects his stories with characters, it is absent in the work of Andrukhovych, who minimally mentions some characters in the last chapter. The allusion to cinematography is represented in Andrukhovych's novel through the whole text and the ring repetition (in the title and at the end of the novel). It is something else in the novel by Kehlmann. The character Ralph Tanner, a film actor, who appears in one story as the main character and in four stories as a minor character shows that the novel has the tangency to the cinematography.

“Still There”: (Dis)engaging with Dickens's Minor Characters

More can be done in minor character studies to account for the strong sense of being that emerges at the edges of the nineteenth-century novel. By pairing traditional readings of the minor character in narrative theory with sociologist Erving Goffman's writings on disengagement, this article offers a different perspective on the competition for narrative attention as we know it. For example, when disengagement is taken into account, Alex Woloch's losers in the competition for narrative attention become winners in the formulation of a fulfilling social life. Dickens's minor characters take part in central spaces while not being contained by them. Their distance from main scenes and settings, captured in passing by a gaze that has no interest in registering these elsewheres in any level of depth, has the effect of making minor characters appear strange, memorable, or other, even though their worlds are quite rich. But Dickens's minor characters define the ingenuity of counterintuition, pointing toward a suppressed energy that belies the flatness of a minor character. Drawn with care, these characters build alternative, codependent ways of surviving on the edges of the characterological field.

The Analysis Of Moral Value And Character In Novel “Negeri 5 Menara” By Ahmad Fuadi

This research is descriptive method. By employing descriptive method, this research was trying to present an analysis of moral value and character in novel Negeri 5 Menara novel by Ahmad Fuadi. Most of the data taken from books and internet references. It aims at finding out the differences between the major character and the minor character and the moral value. This study is structural analysis by employing descriptive method approach. This research is expected to be able to identify the specific differences between the major character and the minor character and the moral value. Hopefully the writer is able to identify some differences of the major and minor characters and find the moral value of the novel. As the result of this research we can identify some character differences. In factual, the major character and the minor character are found in Negeri 5 Menara novel, but they have some differences themselves. And also the moral value is found. There were six major characters as the protagonist that were grouped into “Sahibul Menara”. They were Alif Fikri, Raja Lubis, Said Jufri, Dulmajid, Atang Yunus, and Baso Salahuddin. The other characters in the novel were minor characters, such as Ayah, Amak, Kiai Rais, Ustad Salman, and Tyson. The differences between the major characters and the minor characters in the novel were the major characters that took some important role in the story and the minor characters who did not take important role. The minor characters appeared only to support the major characters even though the minor characters showed up some times. The moral values which could be taken from the novel “Negeri 5 Menara” were sincerity, patience, honesty, and leadership as characterized in the novel. Finally the writer suggests to readers especially English literature students to conduct more research for understanding the analysis of protagonist character.

The Nottingham and Nottinghamshire Hospital for Diseases of the Throat, Ear and Nose (1886–1947): its formation, rise and demise

BackgroundThe Nottingham and Nottinghamshire Hospital for Diseases of the Throat, Ear and Nose existed in Nottingham for over 60 years, but there is little knowledge or documentation regarding its existence.MethodsThe following resources were searched to find out more about the hospital: the Nottinghamshire Archives; Manuscripts and Special Collections at the University of Nottingham Libraries; and Nottingham Central Library. Information was also obtained from the founders’ relatives.ResultsThe hospital was founded in 1886, by Dr Donald Stewart, supported by political and clerical leaders. Initially, it treated out-patients only; in-patients were admitted for surgical treatment from 1905. Suitable accommodation was purchased in 1925, on Goldsmith Street, but required much building extension and alteration. Building restrictions during and following World War II prevented expansion. The National Hospital Survey conducted in 1945 considered the clinical work undertaken to be of a minor character, and recommended closure and amalgamation with the services provided by the Nottingham General Hospital. The hospital closed in 1947.ConclusionThe specialist hospital was deemed unfit and unsuitable to compete with the comprehensive service provided by the Nottingham General Hospital.

Those Dying Generations

Like other films analysed here, No Country for Old Men (Ethan and Joel Coen, 2007) abandons humanism, but rather than offer recoding as a solution for historical impasses, it acts out two modes of history: as obligation, and as predestination. The border setting of the film’s action is more than metaphorical of these forms of history. It evokes both the fraught political-economic relations between the United States and Mexico and is acted out on a landscape whose emptiness and moral threat, the chapter argues, derives from the genocide of First Nations. This is revealed in a critical moment when a minor character tells an anecdote from the area’s history, the only mention of indigenous peoples, which reverberates in the depiction of Chigurh, the dark angel of vengeance who haunts the narrative.