Protestant Providentialism in the Commonwealth of the Nobles: A critical view on Sarmatism

This study is devoted to providentialism, an element characteristic of Sarmatism – a dominant ideology and culture in the early modern Commonwealth of the nobles. The attachment of special weight to providence’s care of the state and the nobility seems to have been characteristic also of Protestant circles in the sixteenth and early seventeenth century, and therefore the culture of the nobles’ Sarmatism should not be reduced to its late form, dominated as it was by Catholicism in the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

SYNTHESIS OF AN ADAPTIVE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR AN ELECTRIC DRIVE WITH A PRONOUNCED NONLINEARITY OF THE WORKING ELEMENT CHARACTERISTIC

The article explores the possibility of constructing an electric drive control system for the crane movement mechanism with damping of load vibrations. The proposed system includes an adaptive module, which, with the help of an exemplary model, provides control correction based on misalignment signals with changes in the weight of the load and the length of the suspension.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CYK ALGORITHM TO SEPARATE SENTENCE-FORMING ELEMENTS IN INDONESIAN

A sentence contains some constituent elements. Those elements have its own function. The four main elements in Bahasa Indonesia are subject, predicate, object, and prepositional phrase. The structure of this sentence often mixed up while determining those elements. This research aims to help people who confused to determined what are the constituent element in a sentence. The sentence can be inputted and the program identified the sentence that inputted. It started by separating the sentence into words and put it inside the cyk matrix table. After that, the program will identify if each word has some degree of similarity with any of constituent element characteristic. The program showed what are the constituent elements of the sentence. It will be shown for the words for each element and the rules that used to determined it. So the people can figure the constietuent element.

A New Flexible Multibody Dynamics Analysis Methodology of Deployable Structures with Scissor-Like Elements

There are vast constraint equations in conventional dynamics analysis of deployable structures, which lead to differential-algebraic equations (DAEs) solved hard. To reduce the difficulty of solving and the amount of equations, a new flexible multibody dynamics analysis methodology of deployable structures with scissor-like elements (SLEs) is presented. Firstly, a precise model of a flexible bar of SLE is established by the higher order shear deformable beam element based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF), and the master/slave freedom method is used to obtain the dynamics equations of SLEs without constraint equations. Secondly, according to features of deployable structures, the specification matrix method (SMM) is proposed to eliminate the constraint equations among SLEs in the frame of ANCF. With this method, the inner and the boundary nodal coordinates of element characteristic matrices can be separated simply and efficiently, especially on condition that there are vast nodal coordinates. So the element characteristic matrices can be added end to end circularly. Thus, the dynamic model of deployable structure reduces dimension and can be assembled without any constraint equation. Next, a new iteration procedure for the generalized-α algorithm is presented to solve the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) of deployable structure. Finally, the proposed methodology is used to analyze the flexible multi-body dynamics of a planar linear array deployable structure based on three scissor-like elements. The simulation results show that flexibility has a significant influence on the deployment motion of the deployable structure. The proposed methodology indeed reduce the difficulty of solving and the amount of equations by eliminating redundant degrees of freedom and the constraint equations in scissor-like elements and among scissor-like elements.

A mancha, o quadro, o signo: sobre a imagem pictórica em Benjamin e Lacan/ The stain, the painting, the sign: about the pictorial image in Benjamin and Lacan

Resumo: O artigo propõe uma articulação entre Benjamin e Lacan, considerando a proposição benjaminiana de que qualquer pintura que reivindique o direito à nomeação deve realizar a entrada da palavra da língua no meio da linguagem pictórica. A mancha, tal qual Benjamin a concebe, se aproximaria do que Lacan trata nos termos da função quadro, que só se realiza com a introdução do olhar como objeto a, do olhar como furo. Benjamin, no tratamento que confere à imagem pictórica, chega a formular que o verdadeiro problema da pintura é que, por um lado, a imagem pictórica se comporta como mancha e, inversamente, a mancha só existe no quadro. O nome e a mancha constituiriam, para ambos, categorias a partir das quais enfrentam problemas que lhes são caros e que giram em torno do estatuto do nome. Nos dois autores, encontra-se a proposição de um dilema entre a universalidade da comunicação, o singular da nomeação pura como acontecimento, e um elemento negativo, próprio do simbólico. Esse elemento negativo marcaria a impossibilidade de reunir as duas ordens, de sobrepô- las (universal e singular), marcando um elemento negativo no cerne da linguagem. O nome seria uma resposta à impossibilidade de o homem retornar à função nomeante de Deus, perdida, sem que essa queda o lance na tagarelice do comunicável, exilando de si o acontecimento, o singular, a história. O nome, assim, seria encontrado no cerne mesmo da comunicação como aquilo que lhe refrata, como aquilo que, se comportando como resto, resiste a uma apreensão universalizante.Palavras-chave: imagem pictórica; mancha; objeto a; função quadro.Abstract: This article proposes an articulation between Benjamin and Lacan, considering the Benjaminian proposition that any painting that claims the right to nomination must accomplish the entrance into the word of language in the midst of the pictorial language. The stain, as Benjamin conceives it, would approximate what Lacan treats in terms of the frame function,“ which is only accomplished by the introduction of Gaze as object a, Gaze as a hole. Benjamin, when it comes to pictorial image, formulates that the real problem of painting is that, in one hand, the pictorial image behaves as a stain, and conversely, the stain exists exclusively on the painting. The name and the stain would constitute, for both authors, categories from which they face problems that are dear to them and that revolve around the statute of the name. In both authors, there is a proposition of a dilemma between the universality of communication, the singular of pure nomination such as an occurrence, and a negative element, characteristic of the symbolic. This negative element would mark the impossibility of bringing together the two orders, of overlapping them (universal and singular) – marking a negative element at the heart of language. The name would be a response to the impossibility of man to return to God’s naming function, missed without this fall launch man into the chatter of communicable, exiling the event, the singular, history. The name would thus be found at the very heart of communication such as which that refracts itself, performing like the rest, resisting to an universal apprehension.Keywords: pictorial image; stain; object a; frame function.