A Review on the Design and Analysis of Vehicle Suspension System

In automobiles, a double-wishbone suspension is an independent suspension structure that uses two wishbones to support the wheel and the maximum load is transferred from the upper wishbone to the lower one, which can lead to failure and deflection of the triangle wheel inferior. The developed lower triangle consists of three holes at one end which are attached to the wheel hub, and the other end is connected to the frame, which is placed between the steering arms. This article introduces the vehicle's engine and suspension system, as well as the description of global warming and the effects of global warming.

Design and Implementation of MIPS Processor for LU Decomposition based on FPGA

The solution for a set of liner equations require to find the matrix inverse of a square matrix with same number of the linear equations, this operation require many mathematical calculations. To solve this problem, LU decomposition for the matrix is used, which computes two matrices, a lower triangle matrix and an upper triangle matrix. In this, paper a design for 32-bits MIPS (microprocessor without interlocked pipelined stages) processor with the required instructions that used to calculate the LU matrices. The design implemented using VHDL (Very high speed integrated circuit hardware description language) then integrated with FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Arrays) Xilinx Spartan 6. The results for the different parts of the processor are resented in the form of test bench waveform and the architecture of the system is demonstrated and the results was matched with theoretical results.

Weak Areas of the Pharyngoesophageal Narrowing (Pharyngoesophageal Union): Anatomic Description and Implication on the Development of Pharyngoesophageal Diverticulum

In the pharyngoesophageal narrowing ("pharyngoesophageal junction") there is a difference between the smooth and striated pharynx and esophagus, identifying points of weakness where pharyngoesophageal diverticula originate. In 1874 Albert von Zenker along with Ziemssen presented the first scientific publication on these diverticula. The aim of this work is to perform a surgical anatomical description and demonstration of the weak areas of the pharyngoesophageal narrowing ("pharyngo-esophageal junction") and its implication in the "Zenker diverticulum." We dissected Caucasian adult cadavers, in 5% formaldehyde and researched the pharyngoesophageal region with a review of the literature. In one case a markedly weak area was located presenting a true hernial sac. From the anatomo-surgical study of pharyngoesophageal narrowing ("pharyngeal esophageal junction") we observed the "weak pharyngoesophageal areas" in the pharynx, represented by a pharyngooesophageal diamond. It is crossed transversely by cricopharyngeal portion of the inferior constrictor muscle of the pharynx, and divides into two triangles, an upper, the "Killian Triangle" and a lower, "or Lannier Laimer Triangle Hackermann". Zenker's diverticulum originates from the "Killian Triangle" area of major weakness of the pharyngoesophageal narrowing ("pharyngoesophageal junction"). For its part, the lower triangle, "Laimer Triangle or Lannier Hackermann" where diverticula is rarely formed, because the space is occupied by a layer of circular fibers. The "Zenker diverticulum" represents 60-65% of all esophageal diverticula, and treatment is exclusively surgical. In order to understand and adequately treat this disease, specific knowledge of the anatomy of the area is necessary.

STOCHASTIC CLAIMS RESERVING VIA A BAYESIAN SPLINE MODEL WITH RANDOM LOSS RATIO EFFECTS

We propose a Bayesian spline model which uses a natural cubicB-spline basis with knots placed at every development period to estimate the unpaid claims. Analogous to the smoothing parameter in a smoothing spline, shrinkage priors are assumed for the coefficients of basis functions. The accident period effect is modeled as a random effect, which facilitate the prediction in a new accident period. For model inference, we use Stan to implement the no-U-turn sampler, an automatically tuned Hamiltonian Monte Carlo. The proposed model is applied to the workers' compensation insurance data in the United States. The lower triangle data is used to validate the model.

Determination of Unknown Coefficients in Parabolic Equations

In this paper, we consider solving for a coefficient inverse problem in the parabolic equation. A new numerical method for the identification of the space-dependent coefficient is developed in a reproducing kernel space. The coefficients can be solved by a lower triangle linear system. Some numerical experiments are presented to show the efficiency of the proposed method.

Ray Sequences of Best Rational Approximants For |x|α

The convergence behavior of best uniform rational approximations with numerator degree m and denominator degree n to the function |x|α, α > 0, on [-1, 1] is investigated. It is assumed that the indices (m, n) progress along a ray sequence in the lower triangle of the Walsh table, i.e. the sequence of indices {(m, n)} satisfiesIn addition to the convergence behavior, the asymptotic distribution of poles and zeros of the approximants and the distribution of the extreme points of the error function on [-1, 1] will be studied. The results will be compared with those for paradiagonal sequences (m = n + 2[α/2]) and for sequences of best polynomial approximants.