Pelatihan Pembuatan Desinfektan Yang Aman Dan Ramah Lingkungan Di Wilayah Awipari Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Penyebaran Covid-19

This community service activity is motivated by the potential for the spread of the Covid virus which is still happening and the Awipari Village does not yet have health facilities that are balanced with its population. In addition, the use of disinfectants as a protection for families and the environment from the spread of the Covid-19 virus is still not available with natural ingredients and is safe for the environment. This is what training on the manufacture of safe and environmentally friendly disinfectants needs to be done. The main purpose of this community service is to help target partners to be more independent in providing the disinfectant needs that residents need. Furthermore, it can be used as an alternative field to increase household income. The specific target to be achieved in the future is that target partners are able and accustomed to using safe and environmentally friendly basic materials in making disinfectants. Community service activities will be held in September 2021 at the Awipari Village Office, Tasikmalaya City. The methods used are lectures, discussions, and the practice of making disinfectants directly. Community service activities are very well received by partner community groups. The community is enthusiastic and active in demonstrations and discussions and wants this service activity to be routine and continue with various training themes according to community needs.

Physiological Features of the Reproductive System of Female Nutria

This article provides information about a promising alternative field of animal husbandry – nutria breeding. This involves the production of fur and high-quality meat products, which contain a large amount of nitrogenous extractives and muscle hemoglobin. This study examined the sexual system of female nutria, and the dynamics, duration and features of each stage of the female nutria’s sexual cycle, including estrus, sexual arousal, hunting, braking and phase balancing. The methods of observation, clinical examination, research of smears and fingerprints, and analysis of the cytogram of the vaginal epithelium at different stages of sexual and physiological maturity of female nutria were used. When analyzing the cytogram of the vaginal epithelium, the structure, color, and percentage of basal, parabasal, superficial, and keratinized cells were indicated. Information about the timing of sexual and physiological maturity, their features, processes and signs of manifestation, and different timing of sexual and physiological maturity in summer and winter is provided. Keywords: nutria, female, puberty, physiological maturity

Effects of Physicochemical Factors on Loss of Infectivity of Opisthorchis viverrini Cercariae

This study aims to develop an alternative field-based approach to interrupt the life cycle of O. viverrini. The effects of temperature, salinity, acidity, ultraviolet A, B, C radiation, and combinations of these physicochemical factors on the loss of infectivity of Opisthorchis viverrini cercariae were analyzed to determine values required for 50 and 95 % lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC95) and period of loss infection success (LI50 and LI95). Newly shed cercariae of O. viverrini were used. LC50 and LC95 values for temperature, salinity, and acidity on cercariae were 33.19 and 37.70 ºC, 7.29 and 8.40 ppt, 4.62 and 4.80 M H2CO3, respectively. The values of LI50 and LI95 on cercariae by exposure to UVA, UVB, and UVC were 19.54 and 20.11 h, 5.03 and 5.12 h, 3.37 and 6.02 min, respectively. Combinations of these factors in the presence of UVC proved damaging to cercariae most rapidly. The shortest loss infection time of LI50 and LI95 were 1.09 and 2.83 min. Cercariae were deemed to have lost the ability to infect cyprinid fish when they had shed their tails, even though they were still capable of some movement. In nature, temperature, salinity, acidity, ultraviolet radiation, and combinations of these factors, affect the ability of O. viverrini cercariae to infect cyprinid fish.

In-Field Estimation of Orange Number and Size by 3D Laser Scanning

The estimation of fruit load of an orchard prior to harvest is useful for planning harvest logistics and trading decisions. The manual fruit counting and the determination of the harvesting capacity of the field results are expensive and time-consuming. The automatic counting of fruits and their geometry characterization with 3D LiDAR models can be an interesting alternative. Field research has been conducted in the province of Cordoba (Southern Spain) on 24 ‘Salustiana’ variety orange trees—Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck—(12 were pruned and 12 unpruned). Harvest size and the number of each fruit were registered. Likewise, the unitary weight of the fruits and their diameter were determined (N = 160). The orange trees were also modelled with 3D LiDAR with colour capture for their subsequent segmentation and fruit detection by using a K-means algorithm. In the case of pruned trees, a significant regression was obtained between the real and modelled fruit number (R2 = 0.63, p = 0.01). The opposite case occurred in the unpruned ones (p = 0.18) due to a leaf occlusion problem. The mean diameters proportioned by the algorithm (72.15 ± 22.62 mm) did not present significant differences (p = 0.35) with the ones measured on fruits (72.68 ± 5.728 mm). Even though the use of 3D LiDAR scans is time-consuming, the harvest size estimation obtained in this research is very accurate.

Ultrasonic Influence on Plasmonic Effects Exhibited by Photoactive Bimetallic Au-Pt Nanoparticles Suspended in Ethanol

The optical behavior exhibited by bimetallic nanoparticles was analyzed by the influence of ultrasonic and nonlinear optical waves in propagation through the samples contained in an ethanol suspension. The Au-Pt nanoparticles were prepared by a sol-gel method. Optical characterization recorded by UV-vis spectrophotometer shows two absorption peaks correlated to the synergistic effects of the bimetallic alloy. The structure and nanocrystalline nature of the samples were confirmed by Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy evaluations. The absorption of light associated with Surface Plasmon Resonance phenomena in the samples was modified by the dynamic influence of ultrasonic effects during the propagation of optical signals promoting nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction. The third-order nonlinear optical response of the nanoparticles dispersed in the ethanol-based fluid was explored by nanosecond pulses at 532 nm. The propagation of high-frequency sound waves through a nanofluid generates a destabilization in the distribution of the nanoparticles, avoiding possible agglomerations. Besides, the influence of mechanical perturbation, the container plays a major role in the resonance and attenuation effects. Ultrasound interactions together to nonlinear optical phenomena in nanofluids is a promising alternative field for a wide of applications for modulating quantum signals, sensors and acousto-optic devices.

Iron Age occupation evidence from Port Lobh, Colonsay (Scottish Inner Hebrides)

Evidence of a new Iron Age occupation site is presented from a site located at the southern edge of a former tidal estuary in western Colonsay. A radiocarbon date of between the 1st–2nd centuries BC is significant in a regional context, being the first of this period from the island. Recovered burnt occupation debris includes cattle bone, marine (limpet and periwinkle) shell and ceramics along with a terrestrial snail shell and carbonised macroplant assemblage. The site was identified from geophysical survey (magnetometry and resistivity) focused at an earlier 5th–4th millennia BC shell midden. The discovery highlights the value of alternative field techniques and looking beyond fortified sites to find more elusive settlement evidence.