Nikos Kazantzakis’ Unshot Adaptations of Don Quixote and Decameron

This article examines two of Nikos Kazantzakis’ unshot screenplays of the early 1930s: his adaptations of Cervantes’ Don Quixote and Boccaccio’s Decameron, kept in typed manuscripts at the Nikos Kazantzakis Museum Foundation in Iraklion, Crete. The article analyses Kazantzakis’ Don Quixote and Decameron in the contexts of early talking cinema and his ideas of the image-language relationship. Written at a time when the artistic value of talking cinema was still debated, Kazantzakis’ adaptations demonstrate that he sought to express ideas with images rather than dialogue (Don Quixote) and use sound as a creative element (Decameron) in ways alluding to Eisenstein’s 1928-1929 writings, with which, as evidence suggests, the Greek author was familiar. Thus, Kazantzakis’ Don Quixote and Decameron show how a technological development in film history – the coming of sound – and the Soviet film theory influenced this author’s adaptation techniques, while also enhancing our understanding of his creative career as well as the worldwide resonance of Cervantes’ and Boccaccio’s literary milestones.

MUSIC AND SCIENCE IN THE EARLY WORKS OF PÉTER EÖTVÖS

This article presents a survey of philosophical perspectives on the phenomena of ‘nature’ and ‘science/scientific’ in music and does so through a closer look at the first creative period of Péter Eötvös as a composer. Since the beginning of his creative career v has come into contact with issues scanning the relations between music and science, on the one hand, and music and nature, on the other. Considering Martin Heidegger's reflections on the nature of modern science as he articulated them in his Die Zeit des Weltbildes (1938), one can recognise in Eötvös' first creative period (in works like Kosmos, Elektrochronik, Intervalles-Intérieurs, Tale, etc.) not only the motivating, inspiring force of science, but also the limits of this incentive.

Murmansk painter Shevnin Anatoly Nikolaevich. To the 70th anniversary of his birth

The publication is dedicated to the anniversary exhibition of art works by Murmansk painter Anatoly Shevnin, organized in the Museum-Archive of the History of Study and Development of the European North of the Barents Centre of Humanities of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Biographical information about the artist and description of his creative career are given

LEONID ANDREYEV’S AND PÄR LAGERKVIST’S WORKS IN THE CONTEXT OF EXPRESSIONISM: THE PROBLEM STATEMENT

The article substantiates the classification of the creative methods of Leonid Andreyev (1871-1917) and Pär Lagerkvist (1891-1974) as expressionistic. Expressionism was the leading art and literature direction in the early XX century. The authors trace back the Russian and foreign academic tradition of viewing certain periods of these writers’ creative career as expressionistic. This tradition is based on some of the characteristics present in their works, such as heightened expression, one-dimensional characters, static scenes, grotesque forms, colour contrasts, the depiction of a chaotic world, and a nervous and alienated person within it. The authors come to the conclusion that the expressionist works of Leonid Andreyev and Pär Lagerkvist can be most effectively compared by employing the historical typological method developed by Victor Zhirmunsky.

Ernst Moro: returning the names

The purpose of the publication is an invitation to honor the outstanding pediatrician Ernst Moro (1874–1951), with an attempt to return his pronunciation of the surname by emphasizing the first syllable (Móro), to recall the life and creative career of this outstanding scientist and doctor. The Moro reflex described in 1918 is now widely used by modern pediatricians and pediatric neurologists in everyday practice. Ernst Moro’s scientific achievements in the development of a skin test for tuberculosis diagnostics, the organization of the efforts against diarrhea in young children, and the formation of pediatric dietology have made Ernst Moro’s scientific heritage extremely important for modern pediatrics.

Ismar David’s Quest for Original Hebrew Typographic Signs

Ismar David was a prolific calligrapher, type designer, graphic designer, and illustrator who also engaged in architectural design and taught calligraphy. He studied applied arts in Berlin, emigrating to Jerusalem in 1932 and to New York in 1952. From the 1930s to the 1990s, he created a wealth of unique designs, most importantly the David Hebrew typeface family. It was the first comprehensive Hebrew typeface family, comprising nine styles that include a true Hebrew italic style and a monolinear style, equivalent to a Latin sans serif. David Hebrew provides an example of how a research-based design process can help negotiate the tension between old and new, leading to an innovative, well-informed design solution. David not only excelled in his groundbreaking approach to Hebrew type design for existing glyphs, but he went a step further, expanding the character set. After David completed the design of his typeface family in 1954, it was partially cast for machine composition by the Intertype Corporation. During that period, David relocated to New York to pursue his creative career.

Style Evolution: Space and Movement in Longfellow’s Lyrical Poems

ABSTRACT Variance of individual style over time and the tendencies in style evolution are important issues in modern linguistics. This paper investigates how parameters of space and movement categorization were deployed by the famous American poet H.W. Longfellow at different stages of his creative career. The attention is focused on lexical units with spatial meaning. The analysis revealed significant changes in (i) the structure of space, (ii) the ratio of horizontal vs. vertical relations of objects, statics vs. dynamics, and (iii) the role of a human being in poetic space. The early verse represents the world as a balanced unity, which then turns into a more complex system with two strata of reality. At the final stage of Longfellow’s creative career, space in his poetic world is integrated again but now acquires a new structural organisation that is different, to a certain extent, from that of his early period.

СТЕПАН КОCТИШИН. МЕЛОДІЯ СТАРОЇ ФІСГАРМОНІЇ. ЖИТТЯ НА ЗРІЗІ СТОЛІТЬ

In 2021, the Chernivtsi publishing house «Bukrek» published a book of memoirs of a famous Ukrainian scientist, physiologist, plant biochemist and ecologist, academician of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, doctor of biological sciences, professor, honoured worker of science and technology of Ukraine, honorary doctor of law of the University of Saskatchewan (Canada, 2010), former rector of Yurii Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University – Stepan Stepanovych Kostyshyn – «Stepan Kostyshyn. The melody of the old physharmonica. Life at the turn of centuries.». The book of memoirs is dedicated to the life and creative career of its author, his ups and downs, losses and victories. Stepan Kostyshyn wrote his book to parents, fellow villagers from the village of Zvyniach, Ternopil region, and graduates of Yurii Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University. Young Stepan Kostyshyn dreamed of becoming a geologist, but fate decided otherwise and in 1950 he became a student of the Agrobiology Department of the Faculty of Biology of Chernivtsi University. Work in a student research group, qualified lecturers instilled in the gifted student a thirst for knowledge and scientific research, and six years after graduation from the university Stepan Kostyshyn became a post-graduate student of the Department of Plant Physiology. The scientific supervisor of the young post-graduate student was a well-known scientist, Professor Molotkovskyi H. Kh. After defending his Candidate's dissertation, Stepan Stepanovych began his teaching and research activities at the university, firstly at the Department of Botany, later – Plant Physiology; he headed the problematic research laboratory of plant heterosis, and he worked as Vice Rector for Research for 15 years. In 1987, for the first time on a competitive basis, Kostyshyn S. S. was elected as a rector of Chernivtsi University and headed this famous university for 18 years. The life of two world geniuses of genetic science – Erwin Chargaff and Mykola Vavilov – is connected with the city of Chernivtsi. The world-famous discoverer of the DNA structure – the most outstanding discovery of the twentieth century – Erwin Chargaff was born on August 11, 1905 in the city of Chernivtsi and lived there until the First World War. And Mykola Vavilov, who gave the world the concept of centres of origin of cultivated plants and the law of homologous series of hereditary variability, ended his life in our city. This was his last expedition devoted to the search for relict spelt. From there he was taken directly to the NKVD cell in Lubianka. The author of the book was directly involved in perpetuating the memory of these world-famous scientists. The reviewed book will be extremely interesting for young people as life and the creative career of S. S. Kostyshyn is an example of how one’s hard work can bring great success in science and professional activity. It is of great interest to biologists, lecturers of higher educational establishments, as it contains invaluable information about the development of biological science in Bukovyna, the main milestones of the leading university of Ukraine – Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University. In the book of memoirs, the author successfully interweaves events from his own biography in the outline of the development of Bukovyna University.

Features of Arif Aziz's creativity in modern Azerbaijani art

Arif Aziz is one of the invaluable artists of Azerbaijan.Talented master of pencil, full member of the UNESCO’s International Art Academy, goodwill ambassador, prominent man of art, professor Arif Aziz is one of the most famous, well-known persons of the modern Azerbaijan art. He travelled a rich and interesting creative career. Arif Aziz's work is rich and diverse. Decorative is typical for his works. The theme of Absheron occupies a special place in his work. He is engaged in graphics, painting and stage design. The famous artist has had solo exhibitions in many countries around the world. Key words: Absheron, graphic, art, exhibition, national traditions

Otto Pfleiderer und die deutsche Theologie in der kritischen Darstellung von Timofej Butkevič

In the article, a little-studied question of the critical interpretation of the theological position of the representative of German protestant tradition Otto Pfleiderer (1839–1908) in the eastern orthodox theology, especially in the work of Kharkiv Professor Timofej Butkevič (1854–1925), is presented. At first, the main periods of a clerical and creative career of Butkevič, including his studying at the Kharkiv Clerical Seminary (1869–1875) and the Moscow Clerical Academy (1875–1879), are considered. Then the features of the theological publications and the teaching of Butkevič at Kharkiv University are pointed out. His important works were two monographs: The evil, its essence and origin (1897) and Religion, its essence and origin (1902–1904) in two books. The positions of well-known German theologians such as Karl August von Hase (1800–1890), David Friedrich Strauß (1808–1874), Karl Theodor Keim (1825–1878), Karl Philipp Bernhard Weiss (1827–1918), and others were here analyzed. But Butkevič’s critical interpretation of the theological viewpoint of Otto Pfleiderer in his two volumes work Die Religion, ihr Wesen und ihre Geschichte (1869) and in his Geschichte der Religionsphilosophie von Spinoza bis auf die Gegenwart (1883) occupies a central place in this analysis. In turn, Butkevič’s important achievement was the popularization of the ideas of Otto Pfleiderer in Russia and Ukraine, in particular, because of his translation of extracts from Pfleiderer’s works.