Angina bullosahemorrhagica, an uncommon oral disorder: Case report

Angina bullosa hemorrhagica is one of the rare oral lesion which appears clinically as blood blisters within the oral cavity. This lesion may occur in response to any mild trauma to the oral tissue. It is an acute oral disease mainly seen at the lining mucosa. It is characterized by blood-filled ballooning of the oral mucosa in the form of vesicles and bullae. These lesions are single and rupture easily leaving an ulcerated area.In this article the authors are describing the case of Angina Bullosa Hemorrhagica attended in Department of Periodontology at Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Hazaribag.

Various applications of platelet rich fibrin in dentistry: A literature review

Platelet rich fibrin is a part of platelet concentrate, that is derived from human blood and made through the process of centrifugation. It is an autogeneous bio material, which basically constitutes various growth factors, and cytokines that are entrapped in its matrix of fibrin. Platelet rich fibrin provides ideal environment for healing of the wound and the regeneration of the tissue. Platelet rich fibrin helps in regulating the inflammation process and increases the healing process.

Treatment of localized gingival recession with chorion membrane- A case report

Aim of root coverage procedure is to restore the tissue margin to the Cemento-enamel junction. Many surgical techniques have been developed throughout the years and Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) based rootcoverage using different allograft membranes has been utilized to treat gingival recession with excellent results.This case report describes a case of gingival recession managed by chorion membrane with coronally advanced flap.

Management of endo perio lesion with class iii furcation defect –A case report

The primary aim of periodontal and endodontic therapy is to restore the lost periodontium and maintain the natural dentition. An ideal endodontic treatment involves removal of any infected pulp completely, preventing or minimizing any chances of reinfection, with proper irrigation and drying of canals, care to be taken not to break any file during cleaning and shaping of canals, proper obturation and not over or under filling of canals, proper sealing, proper restoration and an ideal crown placement. An ideal periodontal treatment involves scaling and root planing, proper reflection of flap to visualize the furcation areas, removal of diseased soft tissue surrounding the lesion and furcation areas and giving adequate oral hygiene instructions. Based on grade of furcation defects, suitable treatment modalities should be chosen. This case report aims at managing an endo-perio lesion involving class III furcation defect using tunneling technique.

Surgical management of RT2 gingival recession using sub epithelial connective tissue graft and coronally advanced flap: A case report

Apical migration of the gingival fiber attachment and marginal gingiva leads to gingival recession and can be caused due to many factors such as faulty tooth brushing, masochistic habits, periodontal disease etc. This causes dentinal hypersensitivity, aesthetic problems, root caries, cervical abrasion, and difficulty in maintaining oral hygiene and often possess a challenging situation for the clinician to deliver best care to the patients. This case reports about the use of SCTG along with coronally advanced flap. To report a case of RT2 recession, older term – Millers Class II recession which showed promising result when root coverage procedure was done using sub-epithelial connective tissue and coronally advancing the flap. A 62-year-old male patient was referred to the Department of Periodontology, with a chief complaint of hypersensitivity and downward shifting of gum in upper front left teeth region which was progressive in nature with no obvious medical history.After achieving profound anaesthesia over the concerned region the recipient site was prepared. After which the donor tissue was retrieved from the palatal area using trap door method and placed over the recipient site. No root biomodification agents were used. The graft was stabilised using interrupted suture and then criss-cross suturing was done, and non-eugenol periodontal dressing was given. The follow up results showed good outcome with predictable root coverage achieved using Sub-epithelial Connective Tissue Graft (SCTG) and coronally advanced flap in the canine region which is often the most difficult one to achieve complete root coverage because of canine prominence. SCTG can be used successfully along with coronally advanced flap and clinicians must opt for such treatment modalities for patients benefit.

Gingival depigmentation with scalpel and diode laser

Melanin, a nonhemoglobin-derived brown pigment, is the most common of the endogenous pigments and is produced by melanocytes present in the basal layer of the epithelium. Gingival hyperpigmentation is caused by excessive deposition of melanin located in the basal and suprabasal cell layers of the epithelium. Pigmentation of gingiva not just has an impact on esthetics but also creates psychological negativity. Though a wide range of techniques are available to manage this condition. Depigmentation procedures such as scalpel surgery, gingivectomy with free gingival autografting, electrosurgery, cryosurgery, chemical agents such as 90% phenol and 95% alcohol, abrasion with diamond bur, Nd: YAG laser, semiconductor diode laser, and CO laser have been employed for removal of melanin hyper pigmentation. The following case report describes two different surgical depigmentation techniques scalpel technique and lasers. Better results of depigmentation were achieved with diode laser than conventional scalpel with respect to esthetics and less postoperative discomfort.

COVID-19 and oral lesions: A review

A new coronavirus (Sars-CoV-2) was detected in China at the end of 2019 and has since caused a worldwide pandemic. This virus is responsible for an acute respiratory syndrome (COVID-19), distinguished by a potentially lethal interstitial bilateral pneumonia. As Sars-CoV-2 is highly infective through airborne contamination, the high infection risk in the dental environment is a serious problem for both professional practitioners and patients. This literature overview at analyzing various reports available on oral symptoms along with possible causation, their relationship to the time of occurrence of clinical symptoms of this global pandemic.

Clinical evaluation of excisional new attachment procedure versus laser assisted new attachment procedure in the treatment of periodontal pockets

TheLaser Assisted New Attachment Procedure (LANAP) protocol is a laser based periodontal regenerative procedure and was patterned, conceptually, after the Excisional New Attachment Procedure (ENAP) to separate the diseased epithelium from the underlying connective tissue and to selectively vaporize and disrupt inflamed and necrotic tissue from connective tissue.: The present study was designed to compare and evaluate the clinical efficacy of LANAP versus ENAP in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.: Twenty periodontal pocket sites of ≥5mm in systemically healthy patients were selected and randomly allocated to either (ENAP) Excisional New Attachment Procedure (Group I) or (LANAP) Laser Assisted New Attachment Procedure (Group II). Patients were evaluated for Plaque Index, Gingival Index, Gingival Bleeding Index, Probing Depth, Loss of attachment, recession and VAS scores. Patients were recalled for follow up at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months at which clinical parameters were recorded.: The results of the present study revealed statistically insignificant difference in both groups however clinically significant reduction in probing depth was seen with ENAP as compared to LANAP but laser procedure had less VAS scores as compared to ENAP.Although probing depth reduction was more for ENAP, patient discomfort with less bleeding was observed with LANAP.

Efficacy of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri on chronic generalised periodontitis: A systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials in humans

It is well recognized fact that periodontal diseases are caused by multifactorial etiologies; in which microorganisms play an important role. An essential component of therapy is to eliminate or manage these pathogens. This has been traditionally accomplished through mechanical means by scaling and root planning and adjunctive anti-infective therapy, which includes local and systemic antimicrobials. But the unwarranted use of antimicrobial is associated with adverse effects and development of resistance. To overcome these problems newer technologies have been tested in the field of periodontics; one of these therapies is use of probiotic. This approach of therapy is of interest to periodontist due to the aforementioned shortcomings of conventional methods. A manual and electronic search was made for human studies up to November 2020 that presented systemic and local use of probiotics in generalised chronic periodontitis. A systematic approach was followed by two independent reviewers and included eligibility criteria for study inclusion, quality assessment, and determination of outcome measures, data extraction, data synthesis, and drawing of conclusion. Only 3 randomized controlled human trials qualified, and they concluded that use of probiotic Lactobacillus Reuteri proves beneficial in improving clinical and microbiological parameters in generalised chronic periodontitis.