Assessment of Intra-Specific Variation in Essential Oil Composition in Amomum subulatum Roxb. Cultivated in Uttarakhand, India

Large cardamom <em>(Amomum subulatum)</em> is native to Sikkim Himalaya and is important cash crop grown under the forest canopy. It thrives well between altitudes of 600 to 2000 m having an annual rainfall of 2500 to 5000 mm. Due to similar climatic condition and economic potential of the species, its cultivation was also started in Uttarakhand. Present study was design to analysis <em>the</em> chemical composition of essential oil and major compounds present in essential oil of capsule of A.<em>subulatum</em> grown in different agro-climatic region of Uttarakhand. The essential oil of 07 plant sample collected from different agro-climatic zones of Uttarakhand was analyzed through Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS).The aroma analysis of chemicals present in essential oil was also carried out by two-fold, step wise dilution with dichloromethane. Oil yield was found between 2.5% to 3% for the sample of different agro-climatic regions. A total of 31 compounds were identified through Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. 1-8 Cineol with 68% to 82.0% was the most dominant compound in all the samples. Other major compounds are 4-trimethyl (1.87% to 4.82%), β-pinene (1.88% to 3.56%), β-Terpineol (1.21% to 3.83%), Nerolidol (0.62% to 2.82%), DL limonene (1.01% to 2.51%) and Limonene (0.98% to 3.82%). Presence of higher concentration of essential oil (%) in all analyzed sample of Uttarakhand indicated that the species grown in Uttarakhand is may be of higher genotype. The GC-MS analysis of essential oil indicates quantitative variations within intra-specific and may attribute to the micro-climate under which the species grown.

Application of Design of Experiments (DOE) to the Development and Validation of a Swab Sampling Method for Cleaning Validation

Cleaning validation is one of the key elements of the validation program of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) manufacturer. One of the most important aspects of cleaning validation is the sampling methods. Swabbing or surface sampling is the subject of this article. The application of sequential experimental designs for the efficient development of a swab sampling method, based on a fractional factorial design followed by full factorial design, is illustrated in this article.

Editorial

I am pleased to present the Volume 2 Issue 1 of Asian Journal of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences. AJCPS is a quarterly peer-reviewed journal committed to publish the high quality articles in all area of chemistry and pharmaceutical science. Chemistry and Pharmaceutical science are closely related disciplines and their convergence is very frequent. In spite of excessive ongoing research in these disciplines very few journals, especially from Asian region are available those cover both the subjects. I hope that AJCPS will encourage the researchers, students and academicians involved in Chemistry and Pharmaceutical research.