Forças Armadas no Brasil: profissão e intervenção política

Resumo O artigo discute a participação militar na política com ênfase, embora não exclusiva, no Brasil. A hipótese a ser discutida não é nova, pois, a partir do trabalho de Samuel Huntington (1996 ), tornou-se lugar comum traçar uma linha de continuidade entre a profissionalização e a neutralidade política e militar. No entanto, a partir do balanço da literatura especializada, essa hipótese pode ser questionada em função do persistente fenômeno da intervenção militar na política. O argumento central deste artigo é o de que, em determinados contextos sociais, históricos e políticos de países como o Brasil, a intervenção militar na política é uma função direta da profissionalização, tornando possível afirmar que profissionalizar implicou preparar os militares para a ação política interventora.

Instituições militares também aprendem? Uma revisão bibliográfica sobre abordagens organizacionais na gestão de defesa

This article aims to present a bibliographic review to align the field of civil-military relations with the analytical and prognostic content of theories about organizational change and learning applicable to military organizations. By addressing the axes of academic production and their respective potentials and limitations, this article seeks to synthesize the analysis tools that illuminate the various aspects of organizational change within the military field, unveiling some existing preconceptions regarding this possibility for the Brazilian case.

Refugeehood and Rights: A Theoretical Debate

To which rights refugees are entitled? In this paper, I analyze the many challenges that two interrelated theoretical traditions of Refugee Studies have implicitly posed to one another. First, I examine the analytic philosophers’ assumption that we cannot understand the nature of a refugee claim until we know what entitles an individual to make it – i.e., what root cause for displacement could explain, and justify, such status. Second, after examining Critical Citizenship Studies, I mainly discuss a renewed Arendtian tradition whose cosmopolitan claim has advocated granting the right of citizenship to all forced displaced persons. By demonstrating why each response leaves room for strong rebuttals from the other side, I make clear the urgency of rethinking today’s international refugee regime as well as the place of political theory in it.

Smart cities: uma revisão de escopo no campo das ciências sociais (2015-2020)

This work comprises a scoping literature review combined with a bibliometric analysis on the topic of Smart Cites within the field of social sciences, questioning how the debate around this topic is organized and what are its contemporary research purposes. Metadata of 67 scientific papers published in the Web of Science database between 2015 and 2020 were investigated. Besides mapping the literature, this study sought to detect the most visible gaps and possible developments on smart cities, employing techniques of co-word analysis and bibliographic coupling using the VOSviewer software. The results indicate five main research purposes related to the technological aspects impacting public policies, accountability, and citizen participation in the context of city management.

Sociologia da ação pública: análise de políticas públicas com acento francês

Through a systematic and in-depth literature review, this article presents an overview of categories and concepts used on French approaches to public action analysis, consolidated up from the 1980s. This literature, known as Sociology of Public Action, is still little explored in Brazil. By “sociologizing” public policy analysis, we understand that public action occurs within a negotiation environment between multiple actors inside and outside the State. The text analyzes the origins and main theoretical influences that formed the French approaches, as well as substantive aspects related to these analyzes, such as the understanding of what is State and Actors, and initial concepts on Cognitive Approach, which serve as an analytical complement and, for some authors, as a methodology for empirical studies.

A estabilidade da democracia e a cultura política no Uruguai: revisão a partir da ciência política uruguaia

According to the existing literature, Uruguay is considered as one of the countries with the largest democratic tradition in Latin America, with several papers and books discussing its development and stability. From sociological essays of the mid-twentieth century up to the most recent studies in the field of political science, the dominant interpretations point to the longevity of the party system and the premature establishment of the “polyarchy” democracy. Based on the perspective of Uruguayan researchers, this paper aims to perform a literature review on democracy in Uruguay. Despite methodological and theoretical advances in political science, interpretations regarding the theme have been associated to the earliest hypothesis. Therefore, a wider use and deepening of cultural hypotheses as sources of democratic stability would enrich the debate around democratic stability in Uruguay.

Fatores explicativos das demarcações de terras indígenas: uma revisão de literatura

The intricacies and explanatory factors underlying the demarcation of indigenous lands are still little known. In this sense, this article aims to list the main explanatory variables of the demarcation phenomenon based on a wide review of the available literature on the topic of demarcation of indigenous lands in Brazil. We concluded that 1. such demarcation processes are multifactorial and complex; 2. mobilization of indigenous peoples and judicialization of demarcation processes are key to understand their chances of completion and the time taken to do so; and 3. when compared to procedural, economic, and contextual factors, political factors have a greater weight in explaining the studied phenomena.