The 1880s are often viewed by historians as the turning-point for British churchgoing, ushering in a period of general decrease. In the absence of attendance data from the government (there was no repeat of the 1851 religious census) and Churches, reliance has to be placed upon local religious censuses, typically undertaken by newspapers throughout the fin de siècle, the biggest cluster being in 1881–2. Expressed as an index of attendance, calculated against overall population, churchgoing was generally receding, except in Wales. Although the index ranged widely from place to place, dependent upon several factors, in the aggregate, excluding Sunday scholars but adjusting for twicing, perhaps one-third of people worshipped on an ordinary Sunday in 1881–2, compared with two-fifths (including scholars) in 1851. Rather more did so intermittently or for special occasions, including rites of passage. Variations by denomination (the Free Churches losing most ground), region, gender, and social class are discussed.