Body Mass Index and the Incidence of Visually Significant Age-Related Maculopathy in Men

AbstractBody-mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) levels are known to be highly heritable. We evaluated the genetic and environmental relationships of these measures over time in an analysis of twin pairs. Monozygotic (235 pairs) and dizygotic (260 pairs) male twins were participants in the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Veteran Twin Study, and were followed with three clinical exams from mean age 48 years to mean age 63 years. Structural equation modeling (SEM) with adjustment forAPOEgenotype (a significant contributor to TC and LDL-C) was used to assess longitudinal patterns of heritability. Results indicated a contribution of genetic factors to BMI, TC, LDL-C, HLD-C, and TG. Modest increases over time were observed in the heritability of BMI (from 0.48 to 0.61), TC (from 0.46 to 0.57), LDL-C (from 0.49 to 0.64), and HDL-C (from 0.50 to 0.62), but this trend was not present for TG. There was a corresponding decrease in shared environmental influences over time for these traits, although shared environment was a significant contributor only for HDL-C. Moreover, we observed that genetic influences for all measures were significantly correlated over time, and we found no evidence of age-specific genetic effects. In summary, longitudinal analyses of twin data indicate that genetic factors do not account for a significant proportion of the variation in age-related changes of BMI or lipid and lipoprotein levels.

Download Full-text

CFH gene variant, Y402H, and smoking, body mass index, environmental associations with advanced age-related macular degeneration

American Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1016/j.ajo.2006.11.013 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 143 (1) ◽

pp. 197-198

Author(s):

J.M. Seddon ◽

S. George ◽

B. Rosner ◽

M.L. Klein

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Macular Degeneration ◽

Body Mass ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Advanced Age ◽

Gene Variant ◽

Age Related

Download Full-text

Annual body mass index gain and risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in a subsequent pregnancy

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-01976-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sho Tano ◽

Tomomi Kotani ◽

Takafumi Ushida ◽

Masato Yoshihara ◽

Kenji Imai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Subsequent Pregnancy ◽

The Body ◽

Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽

Hypertensive Disorders ◽

Age Related ◽

History Of

AbstractWeight gain during interpregnancy period is related to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). However, in interpregnancy care/counseling, the unpredictability of the timing of the next conception and the difficulties in preventing age-related body weight gain must be considered while setting weight management goals. Therefore, we suggest considering the annual change in the body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to clarify the association between annual BMI changes during the interpregnancy period and HDP risk in subsequent pregnancies. A multicenter retrospective study of data from 2009 to 2019 examined the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of HDP in subsequent pregnancies. The aORs in several annual BMI change categories were also calculated in the subgroups classified by HDP occurrence in the index pregnancy. This study included 1,746 pregnant women. A history of HDP (aOR, 16.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 9.62 − 29.22), and annual BMI gain (aOR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.76 − 3.01) were independent risk factors for HDP in subsequent pregnancies. An annual BMI increase of ≥ 1.0 kg/m2/year was related to HDP development in subsequent pregnancies for women without a history of HDP. This study provides data as a basis for interpregnancy care/counseling, but further research is necessary to validate our findings and confirm this relationship.

Download Full-text

The Rate of Increase in Blood Pressure in Children 5 Years of Age Is Related to Changes in Aerobic Fitness and Body Mass Index

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.94.4.465 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 94 (4) ◽

pp. 465-470

Author(s):

Steven Shea ◽

Charles E. Basch ◽

Bernard Gutin ◽

Aryeh D. Stein ◽

Isobel R. Contento ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass ◽

Aerobic Fitness ◽

Medical Center ◽

Multiple Regression Model ◽

Age Related ◽

Rate Of Increase

Objective. To determine whether changes in aerobic fitness and body mass index are related to the age-related rise in blood pressure in healthy preschool children. Study design. Longitudinal analyses of 196 free-living children aged 5 years at baseline who were followed over a mean of 19:7 months. Aerobic fitness was assessed using a treadmill All measures were obtained on multiple occasions at scheduled visits as part of a longitudinal cohort study. Setting. An inner-city medical center. Outcome measures. Blood pressure was measured using an automated Dinamap device. Results. Mean systolic blood pressure was 95.3 mmHg (SD 8.38) at baseline and increased by 4.46 mmHg per year. Mean diastolic blood pressure was 53.9 mmHg (SD 5.81) at baseline and did not change significantly. Children in the highest quintile of increase in fitness had a significantly smaller increase in systolic blood pressure compared to children in the lowest quintile (2.92 vs 5.10 mmHg/year; P = .03). Children in the lowest quintile of increase in body mass index did not differ significantly in rate of increase in systolic blood pressure compared to children in the highest quintile (3.92 vs 4.96 mmHg/year). In a multiple regression model including baseline systolic blood pressure, fitness, height, body mass index, and other covariates, greater increase in fitness (P = .03) and lesser increase in body mass index (P < .01) were associated with lower rates of increase in systolic blood pressure. In a similar multivariate analysis, an increase in fitness was also associated with a lower rate of increase in diastolic blood pressure (P = .02) Conclusion. Young children who increase their aerobic fitness or decrease their body mass index reduce the rate of the age-related increase in blood pressure. These observations may have implications for development of interventions directed at the primary prevention of hypertension.

Download Full-text

Influence of Sex and Age on Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity of Healthy Normotensive Adults

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15208 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 997-1005 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Daniel A. Keir ◽

Mark B. Badrov ◽

George Tomlinson ◽

Catherine F. Notarius ◽

Derek S. Kimmerly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Sympathetic Nerve ◽

Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽

Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽

Systematic Change ◽

Burst Frequency ◽

Nerve Activity ◽

Age Related

As with blood pressure, age-related changes in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) may differ nonlinearly between sexes. Data acquired from 398 male (age: 39±17; range: 18–78 years [mean±SD]) and 260 female (age: 37±18; range: 18–81 years) normotensive healthy nonmedicated volunteers were analyzed using linear regression models with resting MSNA burst frequency as the outcome and the predictors sex, age, MSNA, blood pressure, and body mass index modelled with natural cubic splines. Age and body mass index contributed 41% and 11%, respectively, of MSNA variance in females and 23% and 1% in males. Overall, changes in MSNA with age were sigmoidal. At age 20, mean MSNA of males and females were similar, then diverged significantly, reaching in women a nadir at age 30. After 30, MSNA increased nonlinearly in both sexes. Both MSNA discharge and blood pressure were lower in females until age 50 (17±9 versus 25±10 bursts·min −1 ; P <1×10 −19 ; 106±11/66±8 versus 116±7/68±9 mm Hg; P <0.01) but converged thereafter (38±11 versus 35±12 bursts·min −1 ; P =0.17; 119±15/71±13 versus 120±13/72±9 mm Hg; P >0.56). Compared with age 30, MSNA burst frequency at age 70 was 57% higher in males but 3-fold greater in females; corresponding increases in systolic blood pressure were 1 (95% CI, −4 to 5) and 12 (95% CI, 6–16) mm Hg. Except for concordance in females beyond age 40, there was no systematic change with age in any resting MSNA-blood pressure relationship. In normotensive adults, MSNA increases after age 30, with ascendance steeper in women.

Download Full-text

Increased body mass index percentile is associated with decreased epiphyseal tubercle size in asymptomatic children and adolescents with healthy hips

Journal of Children s Orthopaedics ◽

10.1302/1863-2548.14.200042 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 167-174

Author(s):

Shayan Hosseinzadeh ◽

Ata M. Kiapour ◽

Daniel A. Maranho ◽

Seyed Alireza Emami ◽

Patricia Miller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Body Mass ◽

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Age Related ◽

Asymptomatic Children ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Male Patients ◽

3D Software

Purpose To investigate whether body mass index (BMI) percentile impacts the morphology of the capital femoral epiphysis in children and adolescents without hip disorders. Methods We assessed 68 subjects with healthy hips who underwent a pelvic CT for evaluation of appendicitis. There were 32 male patients (47%) and the mean age was 11.6 years (sd 2.3). The BMI (k/m2) was calculated for sex- and age-related percentiles according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. CT images were segmented, and the epiphysis and metaphysis were reformatted using 3D software. We measured the epiphyseal tubercle (height, width and length), the metaphyseal fossa (depth, width and length) and the peripheral cupping of the epiphysis. All measurements were normalized to the diameter of the epiphysis. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to assess the correlations between the variables measured and BMI percentile adjusted for age. Results Following adjustment to age, increased BMI correlated to decreased tubercle height (r =-0.34; 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.53 to -0.11; p = 0.005), decreased tubercle length (r = -0.32; 95%CI -0.52 to -0.09; p = 0.008) and decreased tubercle width (r = -0.3; 95% CI -0.5 to -0.07; p = 0.01). There was no correlation between BMI and metaphyseal fossa and epiphyseal cupping measurements. Conclusion The association between increased BMI percentile and decreased epiphyseal tubercle size, without changes of the metaphyseal fossa and peripheral cupping suggests another morphological change of the femur that may be associated with decreased growth plate resistance to shear stress. Further study is necessary to investigate whether the epiphyseal tubercle size plays a role in the pathogenesis of slipped capital femoral epiphysis in obese children and adolescents. Level of Evidence Level IV

Download Full-text

Body mass index: impact on IVF success appears age-related

Human Reproduction ◽

10.1093/humrep/den188 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 23 (8) ◽

pp. 1835-1839 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

M. L. Sneed ◽

M. L. Uhler ◽

H. E. Grotjan ◽

J. J. Rapisarda ◽

K. J. Lederer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Age Related

Download Full-text

Presence of dynapenia and association with anthropometric variables in cancer patients

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-020-07519-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ana Beatriz Rechinelli ◽

Isabele Lessa Marques ◽

Eduarda Cristina Rodrigues de Morais Viana ◽

Isadora da Silva Oliveira ◽

Vanusa Felício de Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Body Mass ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Life Stage ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Age Related ◽

Low Weight ◽

European Working

Abstract Background Dynapenia is defined as an age-related loss of muscle strength. There is little information on dynapenia in cancer patients and on how it relates to anthropometric variables. The aim of this study was to analyze the presence of dynapenia and its association with anthropometric variables in hospitalized cancer patients. Methods Participants comprised adult and elderly cancer patients evaluated within the first 48 h of hospital admission to a tertiary public hospital, a referral center for gastrointestinal tract surgery. Anthropometric variables were measured according to standardized protocols. Dynapenia was identified based on handgrip strength (HGS), according to the cutoff points defined by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2), with values for women < 16 kg and for men < 27 kg. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 22.0, with a significance level of 5%. Results This study included 158 patients aged in average 59.5 ± 14.0 years; of these, 53.6% were elderly, 58.9% non-white and 59.5% had some degree of malnutrition. The most prevalent type of cancer was that of the lower gastrointestinal tract (33.5%). The presence of dynapenia was observed in 23.4% of the patients and cachexia in 36.1%. There was an association between dynapenia with age (p < 0.001), life stage (p = 0.002) and race/color (p = 0.027), and also with body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.001) and adductor pollicis muscle thickness (APMT) of both hands (p < 0.05). After logistic regression analysis, adjusted for the sociodemographic variables, the APMT of the dominant hand and the low weight determined by body mass index remained associated with the occurrence of dynapenia (p < 0.05). Conclusions In this study we confirmed that dynapenia was present in cancer patients, being associated with APMT of the dominant hand and low weight. HSG was proven to be a reliable and complementary measure to be added to the process of assessing nutritional status, contributing to the nutritional diagnosis of these patients and to the detection of early muscle depletion.

Download Full-text