scholarly journals Serum amylase and lipase and urinary trypsinogen and amylase for diagnosis of acute pancreatitis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Rompianesi ◽  
Angus Hann ◽  
Oluyemi Komolafe ◽  
Stephen P Pereira ◽  
Brian R Davidson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Serum Amylase

Restoration of intestinal mucosal in Euphorbia kansui-treated severe acute pancreatitis rats is based on HMGB1/MFG-E8 expression

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengjiang Qiu ◽  
Kairui Liu ◽  
Xuguang Li ◽  
Weirun Chen ◽  
Sheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Severe Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Inflammatory Factor ◽  
Apoptotic Cells ◽  
Rat Ileum ◽  
Plasma Endotoxin ◽  
Euphorbia Kansui

Background: The pathogenesis of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is mediated substantially by dysfunctions in the intestinal barrier. Euphorbia kansui (EK) is a medicinal plant used widely in traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammation; however, its efficacy and mechanism of action in SAP treatment is not yet well understood. Objective: To investigate the role of EK in intestinal barrier tissue repair and in the pathogenesis and development of SAP. Methods: The rat SAP model was established by a retrograde injection of sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic bile duct. The SAP model group and the SAP + EK treatment groups were divided into 6 subgroups according to timing: 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, or 72 h after inducing SAP. The progression of the SAP rats and of the rats receiving the EK treatment was evaluated using the ascites volume, serum amylase and plasma endotoxin levels, and histological grading of intestinal mucosal damage. In addition, serum inflammatory factor contents were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests and apoptotic cells in damaged ileum tissue were detected using TUNEL staining. Apoptosis markers and other signaling proteins in intestinal mucosal cells were detected by immunohistochemical assays and then validated by combining these data with quantitative polymerase chain reactions and western blotting. Results: Compared with the results of the SAP model rats, the results of the rats that received EK treatment demonstrated that EK could effectively reduce the ascites volume and serum amylase and plasma endotoxin levels. EK treatment also greatly reduced the abnormal intestinal morphological alterations in the rat SAP model and significantly downregulated the serum contents of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. EK treatment inhibited the elevation of capapse-3, inhibited the decrease of the Bcl-2 protein, and decreased the number of apoptotic cells in rat ileum tissue. Finally, EK treatment abrogated the increase of HMGB1 and the suppression of MFG-E8 protein expression in the SAP + EK rat ileum tissue. Conclusion: EK suppresses SAP pathogenesis by restoring intestinal barrier function and modulating the HMGB1/MFG-E8 signaling axis.

scholarly journals The role and importance of biochemical markers in diagnosis of alcoholic acute pancreatitis

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Snezana Tesic-Rajkovic ◽  
Biljana Radovanovic-Dinic ◽  
Tatjana Jevtovic-Stoimenov
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Alcoholic Pancreatitis ◽  
Serum Lipase ◽  
Acute Alcoholic Pancreatitis ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

Introduction. Alcoholic acute pancreatitis occurs in 10% of alcoholics, who take more than 80g alcohol daily. Different biochemical markers are used to diagnose acute pancreatitis, and some of them may help in establishing etiology of acute pancreatitis. Material and Methods. This study is a prospective review of 21 patients. All patients were hospitalized at the Department for Gastroenterology and Hepatology or at the Department for Surgery of the Clinical Centre of Nis in the period from August 1st 2009 to March 1st 2010 with diagnosis of acute alcoholic pancreatitis. Detailed anamnesis, clinical examination, biochemical analyses and ultrasonography of the upper abdomen were done in all patients. All patients provided data on alcohol abuse. Results. The analysis of the corresponding biochemical parameters revealed a statistically significant correlation between the following values: serum amylase and serum lipase (R=0.964674; p<0.001), cholesterol and triglycerides (R=0.93789; p<0.001), total and direct bilirubin (R=0.857899; p<0.001) and between aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (R=0.824461, p<0.001) in patients with alcoholic acute pancreatitis. In addition, there was a statistically significant correlation between the values of serum amylase and urinary amylase (R=0.582742, p<0.001). Discussion. The analysis of biochemical markers showed that some of them were significant for beforehand diagnosis of alcoholic acute pancreatitis, which is in accordance with other studies. Conclusion Some biochemical parameters can be potential predictors of alcoholic acute pancreatitis (lipase/amylase ratio >2, greater ratio of aspartate aminotransferase/ alanine aminotransferase, enhanced triglycerides and values of mean corpuscular volume.

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) Transplantation Alleviates Acute Pancreatitis Through Inhibiting Inflammation and Promoting Caspase-8 Apoptosis Pathway

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1034-1039
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiang Wang ◽  
Lan Yu ◽  
Xing Xiong ◽  
Yao Chen ◽  
Bo Men
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Caspase 8 ◽  
Apoptosis Pathway ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are capable of multipolar differentiation and repairing injured tissues. Herein, we aimed to investigate the mechanism by how BMSCs modulate the apoptotic pathway in the acute pancreatitis (AP). In this study, primary BMSCs were cultured and administrated into 10 AP mice while 10 healthy mice were taken as a blank group and 10 AP mice as a control group. The mouse pancreatic tissues were assessed by HE staining and evaluated by pancreatitis score and serum amylase detection. Level of inflammatory factors CRP and TNF-α was measured by ELISA and PIPK1, PIPK3, MLKL and Caspase-8 expression was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The pancreatitis score (7.29±1.36) and the serum amylase score of (453.66±103.67) mu/ml of BMSCs group was significantly higher than that of control group, indicating increased tissue repair after BMSCs treatment. BMSCs group exhibited a higher level of CRP (711.01±115.31) and TNF-α (132.81±22.13) in serum compared to control group (p < 0.05). PIPK1, PIPK3, and MLKL expression in BMSCs group decreased (p < 0.05) whereas Caspase-8 was increased (p < 0.05). On the other hand, BMSCs group presented upregulated PIPK1, PIPK3, and MLKL (p < 0.05) and downregulated Caspase-8 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, BMSCs regulate cell apoptosis by upregulating Caspase-8 expression, and downregulating PIPK1, PIPK3 and MLKL level, thereby alleviating the inflammation in AP.

scholarly journals Methylene blue improves hemodynamic shock but increases lipoperoxidation in severe acute pancreatitis pig model

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 8-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Ferreira Meirelles Jr ◽  
Reginaldo Ceneviva ◽  
Fernanda Viaro ◽  
Caroline Floreoto Baldo ◽  
Paulo Roberto Barbosa Evora
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Bolus Dose ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hemodynamic Pattern ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Over Time

PURPOSE: Study hemodynamic pattern and lipoperoxidation during methylene blue (MB) treatment on taurocholate - enterokinase induced acute pancreatitis (AP). METHODS: Thirty pigs were equally divided in control group; MB group; AP group; MB previous AP group; and MB after 90 min of induced AP group. MB was given iv in a bolus dose (2mg.kg-1) followed by maintenance dose (2 mg.kg-1.h-1). Hemodynamic parameters were recorded continuously during 180 min by Swan-Ganz catheter. Blood samples were taken every 60 min to determine arterial and venous nitrate, malondialdehyde (MDA) and amylase. Pancreatic tissue was removed for histopathologic study. RESULTS: In AP group MBP and CO decreased over time 33% (p<0.05) and 52% (p<0.05), respectively. In MB previous induced-AP group, there was 70 minutes delay (p<0.05) to decrease MBP and CO. In MB group arterial and venous nitrite decreased (p<0.05) over time. MB infusion increased (p>0.05) serum MDA when associated to AP. After induced AP, MB did not reverse MBP and CO decrease. There was no difference in serum amylase and necro-hemorrhagic findings with MB treatment. CONCLUSIONS: In this taurocholate-induced AP model MB treatment delayed hemodynamic shock and decreases serum nitrate levels but increases serum MDA levels. No volemic replacement was done and it may have been a mitigated factor to a poor tissue perfusion and impairment microcirculation. Further investigations are needed to elucidate MB treatment role during AP treatment.

scholarly journals Suboptimal management of hypertriglyceridemia in the outpatient setting is associated with the recurrent pancreatitis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Yan ◽  
Hong-Xian Zhao ◽  
xia chen
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Increasing Risk ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Risk Of Relapse

Abstract Background Hyperlipemia is a well-established etiology of acute pancreatitis (AP). However, few data are available in the medical literature about the management of triglyceride levels in the outpatient setting in patients with hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP). We evaluated the blood triglyceride levels and the follow-up of triglyceride management in patients with HTG-AP.Methods This retrospective study enrolled patients with HTG-AP from January 2013 to March 2019 in Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical of University. By reviewing the hospitalization records and the follow-up data, the clinical features, blood triglyceride levels, lipid-lowering medications use and blood triglyceride levels monitoring after hospital discharge were analyzed.Results 133 patients (46 women, 87 men; median age at presentation 37.4 years) diagnosed with HTG-AP were enrolled in the study. 32 cases (24.1%) presented with recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP). Patients who had RAP were younger and had higher blood triglyceride levels compared with that of single attack ( P < 0.05). No difference of serum amylase levels, hospitalization duration and mortality rate were observed between non-RAP and RAP. Lipid monitoring was only observed in 12.8% of patients and 10 patients(7.5%) took medications to control blood triglyceride levels after hospital discharge. The follow-up of triglyceride levels in the outpatient setting were higher in RAP patients than that of non-recurrent cases ( P < 0.05). Among the patients who had measured their triglyceride levels after discharge, 83.3% of patients with RAP had at least 1 follow-up of triglyceride level that higher than 500 mg/dL, while no patient had one HTG-AP attack displayed triglyceride levels higher than 500 mg/dL.Conclusions Triglyceride levels after hospital discharge higher than 500 mg/dL may be associated with an increasing risk of relapse of clinical acute pancreatitis events. Inappropriate management of triglyceride control in the outpatient setting may be associated with an increasing risk of relapse of clinical HTG-AP events.

scholarly journals Clinical pattern of acute pancreatitis in eastern India and comparison of Ranson, BISAP and APACHE II as a predictor of severity, local complications and mortality

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 3707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishith M. Paul Ekka ◽  
Gaurav Mishra ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Arun Kumar Tiwary ◽  
Tanushree Kar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Apache Ii ◽  
Aetiological Factor ◽  
Serum Lipase ◽  
Clinical Pattern ◽  
Local Complications ◽  
Complications And Mortality

Background: Acute pancreatitis is the single most frequent gastrointestinal cause of hospital admissions. Scoring systems have been used since the 1970s for assessment of its severity. This study was aimed to assess the clinical pattern of acute pancreatitis and to compare various predicting systems like Ranson, BISAP and APACHE II in predicting severity, local complications and mortality in acute pancreatitis.Methods: In this prospective study, 91 consecutive cases of acute pancreatitis admitted, between April 2015 to March 2017, were studied. The diagnostic criteria include the presence of at least two of the three features; abdominal pain, serum amylase and lipase levels and findings on imaging studies. Patients were divided into two groups each, BISAP Ranson ≥3 and <3, APACHE II ≥8 and <8, and analyzed statistically.Results: Out of total of 91 patients, 81 were male and 14 were female with mean age was 36.14 years. Commonest aetiological factor was alcoholism in 57.89% followed by gallstones in 23.16%. Serum amylase was raised in 83.26% patients while 95.79% had raised serum lipase levels. 75.79% patients were of MAP while 24.21% patients were of MSAP and SAP. 7.37% patients developed local complications and mortality rate was 6.32%. All the scoring systems were found similar in predicting severity, local complication and mortality, had low sensitivity and high specificity (P value < 0.05).Conclusions: There is no ideal predicting system for acute pancreatitis. These scoring systems can be used to triage patients for better healthcare delivery.

Acute pancreatitis

2010 ◽  
pp. 2557-2567
Author(s):  
R. Carter ◽  
C.J. McKay
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Perforated Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Abdominal Emergencies ◽  
Idiopathic Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Upper Abdominal

Acute pancreatitis affects 300 to 600 new patients per million population per year and is most commonly caused by gallstones or alcohol, but there are many other causes and associations. Careful imaging reveals that most so-called idiopathic acute pancreatitis is due to small (1–3 mm diameter) gallstones. Diagnosis is made by a combination of a typical presentation (upper abdominal pain and vomiting) in conjunction with raised serum amylase (> × 3 upper limit of normal) and/or lipase (> × 2 upper limit of normal). Several acute abdominal emergencies can mimic acute pancreatitis and may be associated with a raised serum amylase. These include perforated peptic ulcer (particularly perforated posterior gastric ulcer) and acute mesenteric ischaemia. In equivocal cases, a CT scan is indicated in order to exclude other causes and confirm the diagnosis....

(Washington University case conference): acute pancreatitis, hyperlipemia, and normal amylase.

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-820 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Case Conference ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Serum Amylase Activity ◽  
Washington University

Abstract This case focuses on the biochemical findings in acute pancreatitis and the role of the laboratory in the diagnosis and management of such patients. It also illustrates a major unappreciated problem in the use of amylase determinations in patients with acute pancreatitis: normal serum amylase activity in the presence of hyperlipemia.

Combined serum amylase and lipase determinations for diagnosis of suspected acute pancreatitis

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2495-2499 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Corsetti ◽  
C Cox ◽  
T J Schulz ◽  
D A Arvan
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Discriminant Functions ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Bivariate Approach

Abstract Serum amylase and lipase measurements are often used to diagnose acute pancreatitis. This study addresses the question of whether it is advantageous to order serum amylase and lipase tests simultaneously. We evaluated performance of the two tests separately and in combination through a retrospective study of patients for whom both amylase and lipase determinations were ordered. Initial analysis of test performance was conducted with a uniformly applied criterion based on determination of optimal sensitivity-specificity pairs. Individual tests and combinations of tests, including the "AND" and "OR" rules and discriminant functions, were examined. Only the discriminant approach demonstrated better performance than the lipase test alone. This finding was subsequently confirmed by logistic regression analysis. We conclude that ordering both tests simultaneously can be advantageous in diagnosing acute pancreatitis when a bivariate approach is used; however, this must be weighed against the difficulties associated with clinical implementation of such approaches.

scholarly journals Acute Pancreatitis with Rapid Clinical Improvement in a Child with Isovaleric Acidemia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elpis Mantadakis ◽  
Ioannis Chrysafis ◽  
Emmanouela Tsouvala ◽  
Athanassios Evangeliou ◽  
Athanassios Chatzimichael
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Acute Abdominal Pain ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Organic Acidemia ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Isovaleric Acidemia ◽  
Intravenous Hydration ◽  
Branched Chain

Isovaleric acidemia is a rare branched-chain organic acidemia. The authors describe a 3.5-year-old girl with isovaleric acidemia and acute abdominal pain associated with bilious emesis. Elevated serum amylase and abdominal ultrasonography demonstrating an enlarged and edematous pancreas, along with the presence of peripancreatic exudates, confirmed the presence of acute pancreatitis. The patient recovered quickly with intravenous hydration, pancreatic rest, and administration of intravenous L-carnitine. Pancreatitis should be ruled out in the context of vomiting in any patient with isovaleric acidemia. Conversely, branched-chain organic acidemias should be included in the differential diagnosis of any child with pancreatitis of unknown origin.

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