Modelling the Process Chain of Microalloyed Case Hardening Steel for Energy Efficient High Temperature Carburising

2011 ◽  
pp. 223-228
Author(s):  
Sergey Konovalov ◽  
Thomas Henke ◽  
Stefan Benke ◽  
Georg J. Schmitz ◽  
Markus Bambach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Case Hardening ◽  
Process Chain ◽  
Case Hardening Steel

scholarly journals Process chain for the manufacture of hybrid bearing bushings

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-150
Author(s):  
Susanne Elisabeth Thürer ◽  
Anna Chugreeva ◽  
Norman Heimes ◽  
Johanna Uhe ◽  
Bernd-Arno Behrens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Case Hardening ◽  
Process Chain ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Die Forging ◽  
Material Contact ◽  
Hybrid Bearing ◽  
Case Hardening Steel ◽  
Tailored Forming

AbstractThe current study presents a novel Tailored Forming process chain developed for the production of hybrid bearing bushings. In a first step, semi-finished products in the form of locally reinforced hollow profiles were produced using a new co-extrusion process. For this purpose, a modular tool concept was developed in which a steel tube made of a case-hardening steel, either C15 (AISI 1015) or 20MnCr5 (AISI 5120), is fed laterally into the tool. Inside the welding chamber, the steel tube is joined with the extruded aluminum alloy EN AW-6082. In the second step, sections from the compound profiles were formed into hybrid bearing bushings by die forging. In order to set the required forming temperatures for each material—aluminum and steel—simultaneously, a tailored heating strategy was developed, which enabled successful die forging of the hybrid workpiece to the desired bearing bushing geometry. Using either of the case-hardening steels in combination with aluminum, this novel process chain made it possible to produce intact hybrid bearing bushings, which showed both macroscopically and microscopically intimate material contact inside the compound zone.

scholarly journals Matematical modeling of the process of enlarging the austenitic grain during high-temperature heating of alloy structural steel

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
V. A. Kukareko ◽  
B. M. Gatsuro ◽  
A. N. Grigorchik ◽  
A. N. Chichin
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Slow Heating ◽  
Case Hardening ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Impurity Atoms ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Case Hardening Steel

The influence of the heating rate of a typical case hardening steel 15KHGN2TA and 25KHGT on the growth of austenitic grain during long-term isothermal exposures at the high-temperature chemical-heat treatment was studied. It is shown that the change in the rate of heating case hardening steels in the temperature interval a®g transformations during chemical-thermal treatment has a significant impact on the process of growth of austenitic grains in them.Regression equations describing the dependence of the average size of austenitic grain on the heating rate, pre-annealing temperature and cementation temperature are obtained, which allow selecting the cementation modes of various steels. A phenomenological model describing the mechanism of formation and growth of austenitic grains in steels under heating at different speeds is developed.It is concluded that the slow heating of steels in the interval of phase a®g transformation contributes to the formation of a complex of small austenite grains separated by high angle boundaries with adsorbed on them by impurity atoms, which ensures higher resistance grain structure to coalescence and reduce the rate of migration of the boundaries during prolonged hightemperature austenization.

scholarly journals Contact Geometry Modification of Friction-Welded Semi-Finished Products to Improve the Bonding of Hybrid Components

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Bernd-Arno Behrens ◽  
Johanna Uhe ◽  
Tom Petersen ◽  
Florian Nürnberger ◽  
Christoph Kahra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Case Hardening ◽  
Process Chain ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Front End ◽  
Transition Area ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Bonded Joint ◽  
Case Hardening Steel

To improve the bond strength of hybrid components when joined by friction welding, specimens with various front end surface geometries were evaluated. Rods made of aluminum AA6082 (AlSi1MgMn/EN AW-6082) and the case-hardening steel 20MnCr5 (AISI 5120) with adapted joining surface geometries were investigated to create both a form-locked and material-bonded joint. Eight different geometries were selected and tested. Subsequently, the joined components were metallographically examined to analyze the bonding and the resulting microstructures. The mechanical properties were tested by means of tensile tests and hardness measurements. Three geometrical variants with different locking types were identified as the most promising for further processing in a forming process chain due to the observed material bond and tensile strengths above 220 MPa. The hardness tests revealed an increase in the steel’s hardness and a softening of the aluminum near the transition area. Apparent intermetallic phases in the joining zone were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an accumulation of silicon in the joining zone was detected by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).

scholarly journals Sliding Wear Behavior of High-Temperature Vacuum-Brazed WC-Co-NiP Functional Composite Coatings

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Roxana Muntean ◽  
Dragoș-Toader Pascal ◽  
Norbert Kazamer ◽  
Gabriela Mărginean ◽  
Viorel-Aurel Șerban
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Case Hardening ◽  
Functional Coatings ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Case Hardening Steel

The present study aimed to investigate the tribological behavior of high-temperature vacuum-brazed WC-Co-NiP functional coatings deposited on 16MnCr5 case hardening steel. Dry sliding wear resistance was evaluated using a non-conformal ball-on-disk arrangement, at room temperature against 100Cr6 and WC-Co static partners, respectively. Morphological, microstructural, and chemical composition analyses showed a complex, phased structure composed of tungsten carbide, nickel, and hard cobalt-based η-structure. In the testing conditions, the coefficient of friction against 100Cr6 and WC-Co counterparts entered a steady-state value after approximately 1000 m and 400 m, respectively. The wear track analysis revealed phenomena of particles trapped between the sliding bodies, as well as gradual removal of asperities. The calculations of the wear rates proved that the values were strongly influenced by properties of the sliding system, such as crystal structure, stress discontinuities, hardness, and material homogeneity.

AISI 4320

Alloy Digest ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Case Hardening ◽  
High Toughness ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Shock Resistance ◽  
Case Hardening Steel

Abstract AISI 4320 is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum case hardening steel having high toughness and shock resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-80. Producer or source: Alloy steel mills and foundries.

AISI 8615

Alloy Digest ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Case Hardening ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Core Strength ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Case Hardening Steel

Abstract AISI 8615 is a low-carbon, nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy steel capable of producing high core strength and toughness. It is a case hardening steel recommended for heavy duty gears, cams, shafts, chains, fasteners, piston pins, etc. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-180. Producer or source: Alloy steel mills and foundries.

UNS G61200

Alloy Digest ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Case Hardening ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Treated Condition ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
High Fatigue ◽  
Heat Treated Condition

Abstract UNS G62100 is a tough, shock resisting, case-hardening chromium-vanadium steel. It has high fatigue resistance in the heat treated condition. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-458. Producer or source: Alloy steel mills and foundries.

AISI 3120

Alloy Digest ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Case Hardening ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Shock Resistance ◽  
Case Hardening Steel

Abstract AISI 3120 is a low-carbon, chromium-nickel case-hardening steel offering good toughness and shock resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-97. Producer or source: Alloy steel mills and foundries.

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