Media Use, Sexual Identity, and Gender Identity

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Bradley J. Bond
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Media Use ◽  
And Gender

Gender, Sexuality, and Psychological Theories of Youth Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra R. Homick ◽  
Lisa F. Platt
Keyword(s):  
Identity Development ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Erik Erikson ◽  
Transgender Identity ◽  
Stage Models ◽  
Minority Identity ◽  
And Gender

Gender and sexual identity play a significant role in the lives of developing youth. The developments of gender and sexual identities are shaped by a variety of factors including, but not limited to, biological, cognitive, and social elements. It is crucial to consider that gender and sexual minority individuals face additional complexities in the two processes of gender identity and sexual identity development. Cisgender identity development is most commonly understood with the help of early cognitive and social theories, although biological components play a part as well. Specifically, the theories of Lawrence Kohlberg, Sandra Bem, Alfred Bandura, and David Buss have made significant contributions to the understanding of cisgender identity development. Modern transgender identity development models are helpful in exploring transgender identity formation with the most popular being the Transgender Emergence Model founded by Arlene Lev. Similar to cisgender identity development, heterosexual identity development is typically understood with the help of early psychosocial theories, namely that of Erik Erikson. Sexual minority identity development is often comprehended using stage models and life-span models. Sexual minority stage models build off the work of Erik Erikson, with one of the most popular being the Cass Model of Gay and Lesbian Identity Development. Offering more flexibility than stage models and allowing for fluid sexual identity, life-span models, like the D’Augelli model, are often more popular choices for modern exploration of sexual minority identity development. As both sexual and gender identity spectrums are continuing to expand, there also comes a need for an exploration of the relationship between sexual and gender identity development, particularly among sexual minority populations.

Gender Dysphoria

2018 ◽  
pp. 551-565
Author(s):  
Giovanni Castellini ◽  
Milena Mancini
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Perspective ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Important Marker

Gender dysphoria (GD) is defined as the distress that may accompany the incongruence between one’s experienced or expressed gender and one’s assigned gender. Gender membership refers to an individual’s sense of self as male or female, and it is a fundamental component of our general identity, providing a sense of biographical continuity. The GD condition highlights the dichotomy and the contradictions of the post-modern society between anatomical body and gender identity. The psycho-social perspective maintains that the sex category assigned at birth is simply a first guess as to what identity we will later assume. Indeed, male and female are not seen as the only possible gender identities, and they need not to be regarded as mutually exclusive. This interpretation suggests that gender identity may be a more important marker of personhood and self-identity than anatomical sexual identity.

Gender and Sexual Identity in Adolescence: A Mixed-Methods Study of Labeling in Diverse Community Settings

2021 ◽  
pp. 074355842110003
Author(s):  
Phillip L. Hammack ◽  
Sam D. Hughes ◽  
Julianne M. Atwood ◽  
Elliot M. Cohen ◽  
Richard C. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
White Youth ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Survey Sample ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Support ◽  
Identity Labels

Understandings of sexual and gender identity have expanded beyond traditional binaries, yet we know little about adolescents’ appropriation of identity labels across diverse communities. In a mixed-methods study of adolescents recruited from lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) spaces in communities differing in support of sexual and gender diversity, seven patterns emerged: (a) frequent use of nonbinary gender identity labels (23.9% of survey sample), especially in high-support communities; (b) greater comfort among adolescents assigned female at birth (AFAB) with diverse gender expression, which informants attributed to pressures to conform to compulsive masculinity for boys; (c) frequent use of plurisexual (60.8%) and asexual (9.9%) labels, especially among those AFAB, and discussion of online settings as a resource; (d) intersectional patterning of “queer” to describe sexual identity (12.4% of survey sample), with White youth in high-support communities signifying an intellectual/political stance and non-White youth in low-support communities using queer as an umbrella term; (e) resistance to labeling and ambivalence about labels due to intra-community dynamics; (f) labeling challenges among boys of color; and (g) challenges with stigma, sexualization, and violence for transgender and nonbinary youth. Findings highlight how contemporary adolescents engage with and challenge received conceptions of gender and sexuality and how this process is shaped by intersectional identities.

A Dimensional Perspective on Sexual Orientation and Gender

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S57-S57
Author(s):  
G. Castellini
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Common Definition ◽  
Phenomenological Perspective ◽  
And Gender

Gender identity - the subjective experience of membership to a gender - is generally taken for granted by most of the persons. It is part of our general identity, and provides a sense of continuity of the self, and interrogative on this aspect of our life are barely present in our consciousness. Exceptions are represented by stages of development such as adolescence or some categories of persons who do not identify themselves into the dichotomous world of men/female. The debate on gender identity recently has broken into the consciousness for Psychopathology, rising interrogatives from different perspectives, including Medicine, Phycology, Anthropology, and Ethic.In the present symposium we resume the historical trajectory of gender definition, emphasizing the importance of a different perspective on gender than the common definition provided by western culture. We propose a phenomenological perspective on the components of sexual identity, which includes anatomical sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, and gender role. The phenomenological approach is coherent with the dimensional view on sexual identity proposed by the DSM board, as well as by LGBT movements. This position considers Gender Dysphoria and transsexualism as a pole of gender variants continuum. Phenomenology looks at the comprehension of subjective gender heterogeneity, and the subjective world of gender dysphoric persons as the only way to take care of them; every psychological medical or surgical treatment should come as consequences. The phenomenological perspective on gender dysphoria may be useful to understand and partially explain the different subjective satisfaction to common hormonal and surgical treatment.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

Effects of Gender, Parental Role, and Time on Infant- and Adult-Directed Read and Spontaneous Speech

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 4001-4014
Author(s):  
Melanie Weirich ◽  
Adrian Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
First Year ◽  
Space Size ◽  
Vowel Space ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Description Task

Purpose The study sets out to investigate inter- and intraspeaker variation in German infant-directed speech (IDS) and considers the potential impact that the factors gender, parental involvement, and speech material (read vs. spontaneous speech) may have. In addition, we analyze data from 3 time points prior to and after the birth of the child to examine potential changes in the features of IDS and, particularly also, of adult-directed speech (ADS). Here, the gender identity of a speaker is considered as an additional factor. Method IDS and ADS data from 34 participants (15 mothers, 19 fathers) is gathered by means of a reading and a picture description task. For IDS, 2 recordings were made when the baby was approximately 6 and 9 months old, respectively. For ADS, an additional recording was made before the baby was born. Phonetic analyses comprise mean fundamental frequency (f0), variation in f0, the 1st 2 formants measured in /i: ɛ a u:/, and the vowel space size. Moreover, social and behavioral data were gathered regarding parental involvement and gender identity. Results German IDS is characterized by an increase in mean f0, a larger variation in f0, vowel- and formant-specific differences, and a larger acoustic vowel space. No effect of gender or parental involvement was found. Also, the phonetic features of IDS were found in both spontaneous and read speech. Regarding ADS, changes in vowel space size in some of the fathers and in mean f0 in mothers were found. Conclusion Phonetic features of German IDS are robust with respect to the factors gender, parental involvement, speech material (read vs. spontaneous speech), and time. Some phonetic features of ADS changed within the child's first year depending on gender and parental involvement/gender identity. Thus, further research on IDS needs to address also potential changes in ADS.

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