Harvest Management and Genotype Effects on Sunn Hemp Forage Characteristics

Lessonia berteroana (ex L. nigrescens) is kelp freely harvested from Open Access Areas (OAA), and to some extent controlled, from Management and Exploitation Areas for Benthic Resources (MEABR). Harvesting pressures can change population dynamics, mainly in OAAs. In particular, harvesting may alter the chemical components of plants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the harvesting effects on the chemical composition of L. berteroana from MEABR and OAA sampled during different seasons (spring and fall) and at two sites (Talquilla and Lagunillas) near Coquimbo (30°S), Chile. The crude protein (13.5 ± 1.0%), total lipids (0.9 ± 0.2%), crude fiber (16.3 ± 1.6%), ash (30.1 ± 1.5%), and nitrogen-free extract (39.2 ± 2.0%) contents of L. berteroana were within reference values for Laminariales species. Population descriptors and chemical analyses showed that harvesting had local effects, rather than being affected by a resource management strategy (OAA vs MEABR). The seasonal anticipator nature of L. berteroana may explain the detected seasonality of it's chemical composition. Regarding functional morphological structures, chemical composition in the fronds was more variable than in the stipes and perennial holdfast, probably since leaves are ephemeral structures susceptible to environmental changes and that play a functional, rather than structural, role in kelp. In the context of Chilean kelp resource management, monitoring chemical composition is useful for determining optimal harvesting periods to local scale and for deciding when commercially valuable compounds, such as alginate, should be extracted. These data also complement harvesting pressure indicators based on L. berteroana demographic parameters.

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Biological fixation, transfer and balance of nitrogen in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) orchard intercropped with different green manure crops

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.19.13.03.p1559 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 ((03) 2019) ◽

pp. 465-471 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Edilândia Farias Dantas ◽

Ana Dolores Santiago de Freitas ◽

Maria do Carmo Catanho Pereira de Lyra ◽

Carolina Etienne de Rosália e Silva Santos ◽

Stella Jorge de Carvalho Neta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Pigeon Pea ◽

Passion Fruit ◽

Biological Fixation ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Passiflora Edulis ◽

Jack Bean ◽

Positive Balance ◽

Sunn Hemp ◽

Passiflora Edulis Sims

Green manures can replace or supplement mineral fertilization and add organic matter to the soils, ensuring greater sustainability to fruit growing in semiarid regions. Biological fixation, transfer and balance of nitrogen were determined on an irrigated yellow passion fruit orchard (Passiflora edulis Sims) intercropped separately with three cover crops: sunn hemp, Crotalaria juncea (L.); pigeon pea, Cajanus cajan (L.) Mill; and jack bean, Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC. In a fourth treatment, legumes were not planted, but spontaneous vegetation was left to grow freely. The legumes were croped for 90 days in three lines (0.5 m apart) inside the passion fruit plant lines (2.5 m apart). Fixation and transfers were determined by the 15N natural abundance technique, using sunflower as a reference plant. The three planted legumes nodulated abundantly and fixed nitrogen in high proportions (between 50 and 90% of their N), forming symbiosis with bacteria naturally established in the soil. Jack bean produced more biomass than sunn hemp and pigeon pea, and as much as the spontaneous plants, of which 23% were legumes. The amounts of fixed N (150, 43, 30 and 29 kg ha-1) were determined mainly by the biomass of legumes. More than 40% of the N of passion fruit plants came from the biological nitrogen fixation of the intercropped jack bean, which provided an amount of N higher than that exported in the fruits, generating a positive balance of more than 100 kg ha-1. Therefore, it is recommended to intercrop jack bean in irrigated passion fruit orchards.

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Study on Dielectric and charge transport behavior in alkali-treated randomly oriented Sunn Hemp Fiber Reinforced epoxy composite in connection with the microstructure of fiber

Journal of Natural Fibers ◽

10.1080/15440478.2021.1907830 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Chinmayee Dash ◽

Dillip Kumar Bisoyi

Keyword(s):

Charge Transport ◽

Epoxy Composite ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Hemp Fiber ◽

Transport Behavior ◽

Sunn Hemp

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Stabilizing Grain Yield and Nutrition Quality in Purple Rice Varieties by Management of Planting Elevation and Storage Conditions

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11010083 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 83

Author(s):

Supapohn Yamuangmorn ◽

Suchada Jumrus ◽

Sansanee Jamjod ◽

Narit Yimyam ◽

Chanakan Prom-u-Thai

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Brown Rice ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Harvest Management ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Opposite Pattern ◽

Dpph Activity ◽

And Storage

Purple rice has become an interesting source of nutritional value among healthy cereal grains. The appropriate cultivation together with post-harvest management would directly benefit farmers and consumers. This study aimed (i) to determine the yield, grain nutritional quality, and antioxidant capacity of purple rice varieties grown at lowland and highland elevations, and (ii) to evaluate the effects of storage conditions on the stability of the rice nutritional value during six months of storage. The high anthocyanin PES variety grown in the lowlands had a higher grain yield than the plants grown in the highlands, but grain anthocyanin concentration had the opposite pattern. In the high antioxidant capacity KAK variety, grain yield and DPPH activity were not significantly different between plants grown at the two elevations. The storage of brown rice and vacuum-sealed packages were both found to preserve greater anthocyanin concentrations in PES, but there was no effect on the DPPH activity of KAK. The grain properties were not significantly different between storage at 4 °C and room temperature. This study suggests that the optimal cultivation practices and storage conditions would result in the higher yield and grain quality of purple rice varieties.

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Forage yield trend of alfalfa cultivars in the Canadian prairies and its relation to environmental factors and harvest management

Grass and Forage Science ◽

10.1111/gfs.12513 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lei Ren ◽

Jonathan A. Bennett ◽

Bruce Coulman ◽

Jushan Liu ◽

Bill Biligetu

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Forage Yield ◽

Harvest Management ◽

Canadian Prairies

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SunnGro: A new crop model for the simulation of sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) grown under alternative management practices

Biomass and Bioenergy ◽

10.1016/j.biombioe.2021.105975 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 146 ◽

pp. 105975

Author(s):

Andrea Parenti ◽

Giovanni Cappelli ◽

Walter Zegada-Lizarazu ◽

Carlos Martín Sastre ◽

Myrsini Christou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Crop Model ◽

Crotalaria Juncea ◽

Alternative Management ◽

Sunn Hemp ◽

New Crop

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145 Stocker gains on diverse summer annual pastures

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz397.064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 28-29

Author(s):

Kelly Mercier ◽

Chris Teutsch ◽

Ray Smith ◽

Eric Vanzant ◽

Kenny Burdine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritive Value ◽

Vegetative State ◽

Block Design ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Complex Mixture ◽

Warm Season ◽

Late Summer ◽

Sunn Hemp ◽

Sorghum Sudangrass ◽

Forage Utilization

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine if increasing forage botanical diversity improved stocker gains on warm-season annual (WSA) pastures. An opportunity exists to add extra gain on fall-born calves by grazing summer pastures after spring weaning and selling at a more favorable late summer market. However, cool-season perennial pastures in the Mid-South often have insufficient quality and yield to support desired summer gains. Therefore, the improved production and nutritive value of WSA forages shows promise in this system. A study was conducted near Princeton, KY, where calves (329, 366, and 297 kg in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively) grazed one of three WSA forage treatments without supplementation in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included 1) sorghum-sudangrass monoculture (MONO), 2) simple mixture (SIMPLE = sorghum-sudangrass, pearl millet, soybean), and 3) complex mixture (COMPLEX = SIMPLE + sudangrass, corn, crabgrass, cowpea, sunflower, sunn hemp, daikon radish, forage rape, Korean lespedeza). In 2017, MONO and SIMPLE calves had higher average daily gain (ADG) than COMPLEX calves (0.79 kg/day vs. 0.66 kg/day, P < 0.03). In 2018, no differences in ADG were detected among treatments (P > 0.3); however, calves only gained 0.01 kg/day. In 2019, MONO and SIMPLE calves again had higher ADG than COMPLEX calves (0.59 kg/day vs. 0.43 kg/day, P < 0.03). The exceptionally low 2018 ADG was likely due to the higher nutritional demand of heavier calves and the lower nutritive value of mature forages compared to other years. In conclusion, complex WSA forage mixtures did not offer any improvement in animal performance, and proper management of all WSA forages (maintaining a vegetative state) is paramount to achieving adequate gains on stockers without supplementation; however, supplementation may be necessary to improve WSA forage utilization in the rumen, potentially leading to more favorable gains.

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