scholarly journals Chronic myeloid leukemia 2011: Successes, challenges, and strategies-Proceedings of the 5th annual BCR-ABL1 positive and BCR-ABL1 negative myeloproliferative neoplasms workshop

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 811-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq I. Mughal ◽  
Jerald P. Radich ◽  
Richard A. Van Etten ◽  
Alfonso Quintás-Cardama ◽  
Tomasz Skorski ◽  
...  
Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 3078-3078
Author(s):  
Caterina Alati ◽  
Bruno Martino ◽  
Antonio Marino ◽  
Francesca Ronco ◽  
Manuela Priolo ◽  
...  

Abstract Abstract 3078 Chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (CMNs) include Polycythemia Vera (PV), Essential Thrombocythemia (ET), and Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF). So far limited studies of familial clusters of CMNs have been reported.Familial chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms are defined when in the same pedigree at least two relatives have CMNs. Familial CMNs should be distinguished from inherited disorders with Mendelian transmission, high penetrance and polyclonal haematopoiesis named ‘hereditary erythrocytosis' and ‘hereditary thrombocytosis'. Recently a 5- to 7-fold higher risk of MPN among first-degree relatives of patients with MPNs was reported. These findings support the limited studies suggesting a familial clustering in MPNs. The analysis of mutations of JAK2 and MPL may improve our ability to identify these conditions. In a consecutive series of patients observed in our Institution from January 2000 to June 2010, we found that among 460 patients with sporadic CMNs and 94 Ph1 positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the prevalence of familial cases was 4%.With 22 pedigrees, 44 patients (8%) were identified with two relatives affected. Familial CMNs were 11 PV,14 ET,7 PMF, 5 CML respectively, while sporadic cases were 96 PV,204 ET,115 PMF and with other 45 CMNS not furtherly classified. As far as the distribution of the different CMNs within the familial cluster, We observed that only in 4 of 22 families (18%) all the affected relatives were diagnosed with the same disease (homogeneous pattern: PV one family and ET three families), whereas 14 families exhibited a mixed distribution among PV, ET and PMF. 8 families exhibited CMNs associated with other hematological disease such as chrocic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), myelodisplastic syndrome (MDS). Among this, 6 families presented a first or second degree of relationship of first and second generation. In 10 cases the relatives were brothers, affected by familial CMNs with a prevalence of PV and TE clinical phenotype at diagnosis.According to JAK2 (V617F) mutational status, analyzed in 30 out of 44 patients, 19 patients showed a positivity pattern, while 18 families showed a heterogeneous pattern; they included both JAK2 (V617F) -positive and JAK2 (V617F)-negative patients. Among the 19 patients with JAK2 (V617F) positivity, the distribution of positivity according to the diagnosis was 100% of PV, 45% of ET and 55%of PMF; homozygosity was present only in PV cases. In our series, only two members of the same family were affected by familial CMNs. Finally it should be noted that in our series of familial cases clinical presentation, therapeutic approach and type and severity of complications were comparable to that of sporadic cases. In conclusion, the present study indicates the relevant possibility of familial CMNs, thus suggesting the opportunity of a detailed family history as part of the initial work-up of patients with CMDs; in addition it also suggests the usefulness of an accurate biological study. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 123 (17) ◽  
pp. 2645-2651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sa A. Wang ◽  
Robert P. Hasserjian ◽  
Patricia S. Fox ◽  
Heesun J. Rogers ◽  
Julia T. Geyer ◽  
...  

Key Points Within MDS/MPN, the WHO 2008 criteria for aCML identify a subgroup of patients with aggressive clinical features distinct from MDS/MPN-U. The MDS/MPN-U category is heterogeneous, and patient risk can be further stratified by a number of clinicopathological parameters.


2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (03) ◽  
pp. 135-137
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Tripathi

AbstractChronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is one of the most common myeloproliferative neoplasms characterized by the presence of Philadelphia chromosome, that is, t(9:22), a reciprocal translocation between long arms of chromosomes 9 and 22. In its natural course CML has three phases, that is, chronic phase, accelerated phase, and blast crises phase. Peripheral blood shows marked leukocytosis and left shift. Diagnosis is confirmed by demonstration of specific molecular abnormality by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method or cytogenetics. The drug of choice is tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI); imatinib. Other TKIs are dasatinib and nilotinib. Most patients respond and have almost normal life span. However, challenges remain. At present the drug is prescribed for lifelong. Recent studies have shown that the drug may be stopped in certain groups of which around 50% remain in long term remission (operational cure). However, around 20% did not respond and showed resistance. Research is in progress to find out the mechanism of resistance and newer therapeutic modalities or agents.


2021 ◽  
pp. 107815522199164
Author(s):  
Rim Frikha ◽  
Fatma Turki ◽  
Olfa Kassar ◽  
Moez Elloumi ◽  
Hassen Kamoun

Introduction Diagnoses of myeloproliferative disorder is based on molecular marker. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and Myeloproliferative neoplasms were considered mutually exclusive and co-existence of BCR/ABL1 and JAK2 mutation is a rare phenomenon. Case report Here, we present two cases of co-existence of BCR-ABL and JAK2V617F positivity. We characterize the course of the disease, mainly the minimal residual disease. Management and outcome: The two cases was initially managed as Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and treated by TKI inhibitors. The first one was diagnosed in 2010. He started the first line of TKI, and then switched to second line without obtaining a major molecular response. Hence he was tested for JAK2V617F mutation and positivity was diagnosed. The second patient showed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia phenotype with coexistence of BCR/ABL1 and JAK2 mutation at diagnosis. Molecular monitoring reveals a high BCR-ABL1 transcript level (20%) at the last follow-up (12 months). Discussion Ours results highlight that JAK2V617F/BCR-ABL double positivity may be a potential marker of resistance in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and clonal molecular analysis is mandatory to elucidate the mechanism. Moreover, the combination of JAK and TKI inhibitors might be effective and potentially be guided by molecular monitoring of minimal residual disease.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e2021062
Author(s):  
Federica Sorà ◽  
Patrizia Chiusolo ◽  
Francesco Autore ◽  
Sabrina Giammarco ◽  
Luca Laurenti ◽  
...  

Abstract   Classification of myeloproliferative neoplasms is based on hematologic, histopathologic and molecular characteristics including the presence of the BCR-ABL1 and JAK2 V617F or MPL and CALR. Although the different gene mutations ought to be mutually exclusive, a number of cases with co-occurring BCR-ABL1 and JAK2 V617F or CALR, have been identified with a frequence of 0.2-2.5%in European population .The tyrosine kinase abnormalities appeared to affect independent subclones because imatinib mesylate (IM) treatment induced Ph+-CML remission whereas the JAK2V617F clone either persisted or clinically expanded  after major response of Ph+-clone. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is at the present the only potentially curative therapy for these patients after therapy with ruxolitinib and TKI inhibitor. We describe the case of 3 young people treated in our institution for coexistence of BCR/ABL chronic myeloid leukemia and another Philadelphia chromosome negative (Ph−) CMPD. They received ruxolitinib, imatinib/nilotinib and allogeneic transplantation with a safe and efficient results.


1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-107
Author(s):  
Vanessa Parducci Brandão ◽  
Vitória Santos De Souza ◽  
Mônica de Macedo E Silva

Introdução: As neoplasias mieloproliferativas são patologias que se originam de células tronco totipotentes e se caracterizam por multiplicação acelerada de uma ou mais séries sanguíneas, sem relevante displasia. São classificadas em diversos subtipos entre eles: Leucemia Mielóide Crônica, Leucemia Neutrofílica Crônica,Mielofribrose Primária e Doença Mieloproliferativa Crônica Inclassificável. Essa classificação justifica-se por mutações genéticas que definem a evolução e a fisiopatologia de cada doença. Casuística: Apresentamos o caso de uma paciente, sexo feminino, 58 anos, com queixas inespecíficas, que por achado laboratorial suspeitou-se de leucemia. Foi submetida à investigação clínica, laboratorial,radiológica, e realizada a biópsia de MO, sendo diagnosticada com Síndrome Mieloproliferativa Crônica Inclassificável. Foi orientada a fazer uso de hidroxiureiapara controle hematimétrico, porém sem melhora, iniciou citarabina. Paciente encontra-se na fase blástica da doença e devido à ausência de remissão da patologia,foi encaminhada para lista de transplante. Discussão: o caso foi bem conduzido quanto aos métodos diagnósticos utilizados na investigação da mesma, sendo fundamental o RT-PCR para identificação do cromossomo Philadelphia. O tratamento foi semelhante à literatura em relação aos medicamentos usados, porém algumas posologias não foram as mesmas. A condução do caso levou a paciente paraa fila de transplante, visto que não houve resposta terapêutica. Conclusão: este relato de caso trata-se, portanto, de uma Neoplasia Mieloproliferativa Crônica do tipo inclassificável, pois não preenche os critérios diagnósticos preconizados pela Organização Mundial de Saúde, visto que foi classificada como Leucemia Mielóide Crônica atípica BCR/ABL negativa, para fins terapêuticos.Palavras-chave: Neoplasias mieloproliferativas, Leucemia mielóide crônica,transplante de medula óssea. Introduction: Myeloproliferative diseases are neoplasms that originate from to tipotent stem cell, and is characterized by rapid proliferation of one or more bloodseries without significant dysplasia. They are classified into several subtypes including: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia,Polycythemia Vera, Primary Mielofribrose and Unclassifiable chronic myeloproliferative syndrome. This classification is justified by genetic mutations that define the evolution and pathophysiology of each disease. Case report: We present a case of a female, 58, with nonspecific complaints, which in laboratoryfinding was suspected leukemia. Underwent clinical, laboratory, radiological,underwent bone marrow biopsy, was diagnosed with Unclassifiable chronic myeloproliferative syndrome.She was oriented to make use of hydroxyurea forerythrocyte control, but without improvement, started cytarabine. The patient lies onthe blast phase of the disease. Due to lack of remission of the disease, the patient wasreferred to the transplant list. Discussion: the case was properly conducted as to the diagnostic methods used in the investigation, the RT-PCR was fundamental for identification of Philadelphia chromosome. The medications used in the treatmentwas similar to the literature, however some doses, according to the survey were notthe same. The patient was refered to transplant, because there was no therapeutic response. Conclusion: This case report is a Nondescript Chronicles Myeloproliferative Syndrome, since it does not satisfy the standard diagnostic recommended by the World Health Organization, as it was classified as Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia BCR / ABL negative for purposes therapeutic.Keywords: myeloproliferative neoplasms, chronic leukemia, myeloid bone marrowtransplantation.


Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 3258-3258
Author(s):  
Thomas Ernst ◽  
Andrew Chase ◽  
Claire Hidalgo-Curtis ◽  
Katerina Zoi ◽  
Christine Zoi ◽  
...  

Abstract Abstract 3258 Poster Board III-1 Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) such as atypical BCR-ABL negative chronic myeloid leukemia (aCML) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) combine dysplastic morphology with features of a CML-like myeloproliferative disorder. The underlying pathomechanism of these related disorders is poorly understood. Recent evidence has shown that acquired uniparental disomy (aUPD) is a novel mechanism by which pathogenetic mutations in cancer may be reduced to homozygosity. In this study we sought to investigate if aUPD characterizes MDS/MPN of unknown molecular etiology, and whether it could be used as a tool to help identify novel driver mutations. Genome wide high resolution SNP 6.0 array analysis was performed on total leukocyte DNA from 148 patients with aCML (n=54), CMML (n=69), and unclassified MDS/MPN (n=25). All patients were negative for BCR-ABL, JAK2 V617F, FIP1L1-PDGFRA and cytogenetic indicators of other tyrosine kinase fusion genes. Homozygous copy neutral SNP calls >20 Mb, considered indicative of aUPD, were seen in 39 (26%) patients. In total, 15 different chromosomes were involved with the most common recurrent abnormalities being seen at 4q (n=7), 7q (n=12), and 11q (n=8). Sequencing of candidate genes in the minimally affected regions excluded the involvement of tyrosine kinases and several other genes. Following the identification of TET2 at 4q24 as a putative novel tumor suppressor gene of unknown function in patients with classic MPN and MDS we identified homozygous TET2 variants in 6 cases with 4q aUPD. Analysis of 210 additional patients revealed TET2 variants in aCML (16/53; 30%), CMML (28/70; 40%), unclassified MDS/MPN (5/17, 29%), hypereosinophilic syndrome (4/30; 13%) but none in blast crisis CML (n=40). In total, 70 TET2 variants were identified that were spread throughout the coding region. Of these, 35 were likely causative changes predicted to result in premature chain termination (nonsense, n=18; deletion, n=10; insertion, n=7) and 35 were missense substitutions that have not been reported as SNPs. 20 missense mutations (57%) clustered in two conserved regions. TET2 mutations were not associated with a change of overall or progression-free survival compared to mutation negative cases. Mutations in CBL, encoding a key regulator of tyrosine kinase signaling, were identified in 5 cases with 11q aUPD and analysis of 574 additional MPN and MDS/MPN patients revealed a total of 27 CBL variants in 26 patients with aCML (12/152; 8%), CMML (10/78; 13%), myelofibrosis (n=3/53; 6%) or hypereosinophilic syndrome (n=1/96; 1%). Most variants were missense substitutions in exons 8 or 9 (encoding the linker/RING domain) that abrogated CBL ubiquitin ligase activity and conferred a proliferative advantage to 32D cells that overexpressed FLT3. Patients with CBL mutations had a shorter overall survival and progression-free survival compared to mutation negative cases (OS: 33 months vs. 39 months; PFS: 22 months vs 32 months) but the differences were not significant. We conclude that aUPD is common in atypical CML and related disorders and that inactivating mutations of TET2 and CBL are associated with aUPD at 4q and 11q, respectively. Disclosures: Hochhaus: Novartis: Honoraria; BMS: Honoraria.


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