scholarly journals Conditional Cash Transfer in the Philippines: How to Overcome Institutional Constraints for Implementing Social Protection

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunju Kim ◽  
Jayoung Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Institutional Constraints

scholarly journals Patchwork vs. Proactive Social Protection Policies: CCTs and Social Expenditure in Brazil and the Philippines

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-48
Author(s):  
Mark Stevenson Curry
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Access To Services ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
International Donor

Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs disburse cash grants to targeted recipient families under requirements for education and maternal health. These programs have been widely adopted with international donor assistance since the 1990s. Most CCT research examines program effectiveness at the demand level-the cash provision and compliance outcomes. This paper considers the respective supply-side question of health and education budgeting in Brazil and the Philippines during the relevant period of CCT implementation. The data provide that whereas Brazil has improved such access to services to complement its CCT programs, the Philippines has underinvested in supply-side provision. Brazil thus exhibits an integrated conceptualization of social protection for development. The Philippines exhibits a patchwork scheme for short term goals.

scholarly journals Can Social Protection Weaken Clientelism? Considering Conditional Cash Transfers as Political Reform in the Philippines

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun R. Swamy
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer Programs ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
Potential Resource

Since poverty is often believed to be a root cause of clientelism, government policies to reduce poverty should also help to reduce clientelism. However, scholars studying clientelism are more likely to view social policy as a potential resource for clientelist politicians. This article examines this paradox in the Philippine context by offering a general framework to identify when social welfare policies are likely to reduce clientelism, and by applying this framework to the Philippines, focusing on the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino conditional cash transfer programme, or Pantawid. I argue that the policies that are most likely to undercut clientelism are universal social protection policies that provide poor families with security, although these are the least acceptable to middle-class taxpayers. This is exemplified by the Philippines, which has tended to introduce social policies that increase the scope for clientelism by making discretionary allocation more likely, rather than policies that offer income security to the poor. The Pantawid programme attempts to overcome these problems by introducing a centralised targeting mechanism to identify beneficiaries and by guaranteeing the benefit to all eligible families, but like all conditional cash transfer programs falls short of guaranteed and universal social protection.

Targeting versus social protection in cash transfers in the Philippines: Reassessing a celebrated case of social protection

2021 ◽  
pp. 026101832110098
Author(s):  
Emma Lynn Dadap-Cantal ◽  
Andrew M. Fischer ◽  
Charmaine G. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Cash Payment ◽  
International Donors ◽  
Poverty Targeting

This article provides a corrective to the dominant celebratory narrative about the conditional cash transfer programme in the Philippines, the Pantawid, and its associated social registry, the Listahanan. Based on extensive documentary analysis and fieldwork in the Philippines in 2017 and 2018, we argue that the targeting system has in fact been unable to function according to its primary purpose of identifying the poor and providing them social protection, despite being celebrated precisely for this purpose. This has been partly – but not only – due to the increasingly obsolescent data of the registry, which the political system has been incapable of correcting, leading to stasis at a fairly low level of coverage, at a peak of about 19 percent of national households in 2014 and since subsiding to about 17 percent by 2020, with transfer amounts at a fraction of the food poverty line. This dysfunction has resulted in a quasi-permanent group of cash payment recipients, with little or no reflection of evolving poverty profiles. This revised reading of the Pantawid and Listahanan, in what might be considered as a strong case to examine social protection performance, brings us back to the perennial problems associated with poverty targeting in even best-case social protection programmes promoted by international donors and organisations.

scholarly journals REDD+ in the Philippines: Legal status and conservation of mangrove forests in the Philippines

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Estenzo Ramos ◽  
Rose Liza Eisma Osorio
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Executive Orders ◽  
Ecosystem Valuation

Mangroves perform a crucial role in maintaining the ecological integrity of the coastal ecosystem. They  act as filters in the coastal zone, preventing the damaging effects of upland sediments on seagrass beds and coral reefs, minimise the effects of storm surges and act as carbon sinks that mitigate climate change. These essential services, however, are degraded through indiscriminate cutting, conversion of mangrove swamps to fishponds, reclamation projects and other coastal developments and pollution. Experts reveal that the Indo-Malay Philippine Archipelago has one of the highest rates of mangroves loss. From an estimated 500,000 hectares of mangrove cover in 1918, only 120,000 hectares of mangroves remain in the Philippines today. The country has had the legal and policy framework to protect and conserve mangroves. But weak implementation of laws, overlapping functions among agencies and, in general, poor management by the people and local governments have hindered the sustainable management of mangrove forests. Positive developments, however, are taking place with the promulgation of laws on climate change and executive orders which specifically include mangrove and protected areas under the National Greening Program (NGP) and addresses equity, food security and poverty issues by giving preference to NGP beneficiary communities as a priority in the Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program.  Moreover, participatory Planning and Multi-stakeholder Approaches are among the strategies contemplated by the Philippine National REDD + Strategy. The article examines the implementation and effects of the Philippine National REDD+ Strategy, the National Climate Change Action Plan which specifically integrates REDD+ and ecosystem valuation into decision-making, and the executive orders which support the mainstreaming of the National Greening Program.

scholarly journals The Latin American and Nigerian Conditional Cash Transfer Experience: A Comparative Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Ikenna Samuel Umezurike ◽  
Ibraheem Salisu Adam
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Protection Strategies ◽  
Capital Development

Despite the recent economic growth in Nigeria, poverty remains a social problem. One of the strategies employed by the Nigerian government and some development partners towards solving this problem is the deployment of social protection instruments, such as Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs), which aim at stemming the tide of poverty and vulnerability. This study uses the secondary research method to examine the extent to which the Latin American CCT model influenced the design and operation of the Nigerian CCT programme. The policy diffusion model adopted for the study posits that the success of CCT programmes in Latin America has stimulated its extension to many developing countries outside the region. The findings from the review of selected literature explain the rationale for CCTs as short-term poverty reduction and long-term human capital development. Admittedly, a nexus exists between the Latin American and Nigerian strategies. Yet the study concludes that the Latin American model cannot adequately serve as a blueprint for the Nigeria strategy, given that underlying conditions in upper middle-income Latin American countries are clearly different from those present in low income or lower middle-income African countries like Nigeria. The study recommends urgent implementation of the National Social Protection Policy; a review of the current CCT programme in Nigeria every two years and extensive research into social protection strategies.

scholarly journals Diffusion of CCTs from Latin America to Asia: the Philippine 4Ps case

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Howlett ◽  
M Ramesh ◽  
Kidjie Saguin
Keyword(s):  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Policy Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Adequate Explanation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject

Abstract The purpose of this study is to understand the role of international and domestic actors, ideas and processes in the diffusion of public policies. It argues that existing studies on the subject do not provide an adequate explanation of the mechanisms through which diffusion takes place, nor do they sufficiently address the roles of actors affecting the policy transfer process. We address these shortcomings by studying the diffusion of conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs from Brazil and Mexico to the Philippines over the past decade. We use the concept of an ‘instrument constituency’ to delineate and trace the various actors and channels involved in the diffusion of CCTs. The case study shows that these groups of actors dedicated to the articulation, adoption and expansion of particular policy instruments are central players in transnational diffusion of policies and offer a robust explanation of the phenomenon.

scholarly journals The Impact of a Conditional Cash Transfer on Multidimensional Deprivation of Young Women: Evidence from South Africa’s HTPN 068

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 865-895
Author(s):  
Kelly Kilburn ◽  
Lucia Ferrone ◽  
Audrey Pettifor ◽  
Ryan Wagner ◽  
F. Xavier Gómez-Olivé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Poverty Measurement ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Multidimensional Deprivation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Despite the growing popularity of multidimensional poverty measurement and analysis, its use to measure the impact of social protection programs remains scarce. Using primary data collected for the evaluation of HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 068, a randomized, conditional cash transfer intervention for young girls in South Africa that ran from 2011 to 2015, we construct an individual-level measure of multidimensional poverty, a major departure from standard indices that use the household as the unit of analysis. We construct our measure by aggregating multiple deprivation indicators across six dimensions and using a system of nested weights where each domain is weighted equally. Our findings show that the cash transfer consistently reduces deprivations among girls, in particular through the domains of economic agency, violence, and relationships. These results show how social protection interventions can improve the lives of young women beyond single domains and demonstrate the potential for social protection to simultaneously address multiple targets of the SDGs.

scholarly journals Decent Work and Social Protection in Belo Horizonte, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-97
Author(s):  
Mônica A. Haddad ◽  
Joshua Hellyer
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bolsa Familia ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer Program ◽  
Belo Horizonte

This article examines how beneficiaries of Brazil’s Bolsa Família (BFP) conditional cash transfer program find employment in a Brazilian municipality and assesses their participation in decent work. Using Belo Horizonte as a case study, researchers conducted a survey of BFP recipients. The article compares responses of informally and formally employed workers to assess how their employment meets the criteria of the decent work agenda. Results indicate no significant difference between perceptions of formal and informal employees concerning discrimination and poor working conditions. Findings lead to recommendations about formalization of employment, coordination with existing job training programs, child care, and transportation.

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