scholarly journals REDD+ in the Philippines: Legal status and conservation of mangrove forests in the Philippines

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Estenzo Ramos ◽  
Rose Liza Eisma Osorio
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Executive Orders ◽  
Ecosystem Valuation

Mangroves perform a crucial role in maintaining the ecological integrity of the coastal ecosystem. They  act as filters in the coastal zone, preventing the damaging effects of upland sediments on seagrass beds and coral reefs, minimise the effects of storm surges and act as carbon sinks that mitigate climate change. These essential services, however, are degraded through indiscriminate cutting, conversion of mangrove swamps to fishponds, reclamation projects and other coastal developments and pollution. Experts reveal that the Indo-Malay Philippine Archipelago has one of the highest rates of mangroves loss. From an estimated 500,000 hectares of mangrove cover in 1918, only 120,000 hectares of mangroves remain in the Philippines today. The country has had the legal and policy framework to protect and conserve mangroves. But weak implementation of laws, overlapping functions among agencies and, in general, poor management by the people and local governments have hindered the sustainable management of mangrove forests. Positive developments, however, are taking place with the promulgation of laws on climate change and executive orders which specifically include mangrove and protected areas under the National Greening Program (NGP) and addresses equity, food security and poverty issues by giving preference to NGP beneficiary communities as a priority in the Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program.  Moreover, participatory Planning and Multi-stakeholder Approaches are among the strategies contemplated by the Philippine National REDD + Strategy. The article examines the implementation and effects of the Philippine National REDD+ Strategy, the National Climate Change Action Plan which specifically integrates REDD+ and ecosystem valuation into decision-making, and the executive orders which support the mainstreaming of the National Greening Program.

scholarly journals Enhancing resilience through capacity building in LCCAP formulation in the local government of Aurora, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan M. Pulhin ◽  
Maricel A. Tapia-Villamayor ◽  
Catherine L. de Luna ◽  
Rex Victor O. Cruz ◽  
Aileen S. Peria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Collaborative Advantage

Climate Disaster Risk Assessment (CDRA) and Local Climate Change Action Plan (LCCAP) provide the scientific and legal platform for climate change adaptation and mitigation in the Philippines. This APN CAPaBLE project responds to the limited technical capacity of local government units (LGUs) to comply with this requirement through collaborative capacity building. Evaluation of CDRA and LCCAP led to a National Interagency Technical and Policy Forum to formulate action plans and fast-track preparations. The initial stage of the project demonstrated collaborative advantage as a condition for mobilizing human and financial resources was enabled. Collaborative inertia set in once the technical limitations of Aurora LGUs surfaced to complete the CDRA. This mirrored the results of the institutional capacity survey, administered to 87 disaster risk reduction and management Technical Working Group (TWG) members, highlighting the LGUs limitations in data availability and functional knowledge on climate change. Thus, a shift in capacity building strategy through focused mentoring and managing LGU expectations was done. The Aurora LGUs successfully completed its CDRA and LCCAP requirements through a lengthy and arduous process. It was acknowledged that CDRA preparation has a steep learning curve and competes heavily with other multiple functions and pressing demands from the LGUs. The national interagency forum resolution suggested that the CDRA be assigned to another government agency while LGUs shift capacity development initiatives to understanding and mainstreaming scientific assessment into local plans. The project experience highlights the difficult, yet promising, path to human security development and resilience building and underscored prudence and urgency of adaptation planning at the local level.

scholarly journals Patchwork vs. Proactive Social Protection Policies: CCTs and Social Expenditure in Brazil and the Philippines

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-48
Author(s):  
Mark Stevenson Curry
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Access To Services ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
International Donor

Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs disburse cash grants to targeted recipient families under requirements for education and maternal health. These programs have been widely adopted with international donor assistance since the 1990s. Most CCT research examines program effectiveness at the demand level-the cash provision and compliance outcomes. This paper considers the respective supply-side question of health and education budgeting in Brazil and the Philippines during the relevant period of CCT implementation. The data provide that whereas Brazil has improved such access to services to complement its CCT programs, the Philippines has underinvested in supply-side provision. Brazil thus exhibits an integrated conceptualization of social protection for development. The Philippines exhibits a patchwork scheme for short term goals.

Investigating the empirical relationship between government intervention programs and poverty alleviation: a case of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-338
Author(s):  
Musa Waziri ◽  
Ahmed Zubir Bin Ibrahim ◽  
Zainal Bin Md. Zan Bin Md Zan
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Government Intervention ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Youth Empowerment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

PurposeAlthough the literature has shown that government intervention programs on poverty alleviation have now become a common practice and accepted policy framework in tackling the menace of poverty which has remained the major challenge to all leaders around the globe. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of (conditional cash transfer, youth empowerment and microcredit scheme) on poverty alleviation in Niger state-Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachThe hypotheses of the study were tested using personally administered questionnaires survey method; 442 valid and useable questionnaires were obtained for the study, while PLS-SEM path modeling was adopted to evaluate the statistical relationship between those three programs and poverty alleviation. According to the statistical result of the study, the research constructs have a satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity. Therefore the study has established a strong positive relationship between government intervention programs and poverty alleviation. The socioeconomic assessment of the respondents further justified the above assumption.FindingsAlso, the research findings of this study may found to be beneficial to the government, international organization, researchers particularly those who are conducting research on poverty reduction programs.Research limitations/implicationsThe study used the perceptions of the beneficiaries of those programs in nine selected local government areas within the three senatorial districts in Niger state-Nigeria.Originality/valueSimilarly, the findings of the study would offer some meaningful contribution to the body of knowledge on studies related to poverty alleviation programs like conditional cash transfer, youth empowerment and microcredit scheme, where expert in that field would explore the advantage of these findings by utilizing the impacts of those programs on the beneficiaries for policy framework.

scholarly journals Diffusion of CCTs from Latin America to Asia: the Philippine 4Ps case

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Howlett ◽  
M Ramesh ◽  
Kidjie Saguin
Keyword(s):  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Policy Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Adequate Explanation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject

Abstract The purpose of this study is to understand the role of international and domestic actors, ideas and processes in the diffusion of public policies. It argues that existing studies on the subject do not provide an adequate explanation of the mechanisms through which diffusion takes place, nor do they sufficiently address the roles of actors affecting the policy transfer process. We address these shortcomings by studying the diffusion of conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs from Brazil and Mexico to the Philippines over the past decade. We use the concept of an ‘instrument constituency’ to delineate and trace the various actors and channels involved in the diffusion of CCTs. The case study shows that these groups of actors dedicated to the articulation, adoption and expansion of particular policy instruments are central players in transnational diffusion of policies and offer a robust explanation of the phenomenon.

scholarly journals Can Social Protection Weaken Clientelism? Considering Conditional Cash Transfers as Political Reform in the Philippines

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun R. Swamy
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer Programs ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
Potential Resource

Since poverty is often believed to be a root cause of clientelism, government policies to reduce poverty should also help to reduce clientelism. However, scholars studying clientelism are more likely to view social policy as a potential resource for clientelist politicians. This article examines this paradox in the Philippine context by offering a general framework to identify when social welfare policies are likely to reduce clientelism, and by applying this framework to the Philippines, focusing on the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino conditional cash transfer programme, or Pantawid. I argue that the policies that are most likely to undercut clientelism are universal social protection policies that provide poor families with security, although these are the least acceptable to middle-class taxpayers. This is exemplified by the Philippines, which has tended to introduce social policies that increase the scope for clientelism by making discretionary allocation more likely, rather than policies that offer income security to the poor. The Pantawid programme attempts to overcome these problems by introducing a centralised targeting mechanism to identify beneficiaries and by guaranteeing the benefit to all eligible families, but like all conditional cash transfer programs falls short of guaranteed and universal social protection.

scholarly journals Effects of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) and other Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Programs of Low and Middle – Income Countries on Human Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11
Author(s):  
Ronald Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Despite the economic growth experienced by the Philippines in the recent years in terms of high GDP, poverty in the country still prevails. Prevalence of many poor families and individuals in the country prompted the Philippine government to implement the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (Bridging Program for the Filipino Family) also known as 4Ps, the country’s conditional cash transfer (CCT) program that aims to provide conditional cash grants to the poorest of the poor. This paper aims to examine the effect of 4Ps on the country’s Human Development Index (HDI). It also seeks to find out if conditional cash transfer program provides significant effect on the HDIs of low and middle-income countries worldwide. The mean Human Development Index (HDI) of the Philippines before and throughout the implementation of 4Ps was compared. The difference between the HDIs of selected countries (low and middle-income) implementing and non-implementing the conditional cash transfer programs was determined. The findings of this study show that the Philippines has a significantly higher mean HDI during the implementation of 4Ps since 2008 to 2018 compared to its years when there was no 4Ps. The results further indicate that low and middle–income countries with CCT programs have significantly higher HDIs in comparison to their counterparts. A thorough evaluation of the CCT programs in terms of issues such as dependency and reviewing the conditionalities of the program to provide more significant and promising effect on HDI needs to be undertaken. Keywords: Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps), conditional cash transfer (CCT), Human Development Index (HDI)  

scholarly journals Water challenges and Urban Sustainable Development in Changing Climate: Economic Growth Agenda for Global South

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Tabassam Raza ◽  
Frederika C. Rentoy ◽  
Nisar Ahmed ◽  
Andrea Valentine L. Andres Thess Khas S. Raza ◽  
Karl Michael E. Marasigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Global South ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Water Problems

Access to safe clean water and sanitation were pressing concerns for survivors after super Typhoon Haiyan devastated central Philippines in November 2013. Essentially, water problems in the cities of Global South especially in Southeast Asian Archipelagos (Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia) plus Myanmar and Thailand are viewed as the consequence of uncontrolled rapid urban development and Climate Change (CC) variations. These facts emphasized the link between water insecurity and its negative economic impact. Thus, an equal and inclusive agenda is developed without which universal access to drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene is not possible. It comprises of conducting gender-sensitive strategic planning workshops and strategic spatial analysis using Geographic Information Systems. It was implemented to Quezon City (QC), Philippines as pilot. The output is an action plan defining 15 Programs, Projects and Activities (PPAs) as solutions for water challenges across five development sectors (Social, Economic, Environmental, Land Use/Infrastructure, and Institutional) in the Philippines context. The appropriate implementation of these PPAs will ensure QC‟s sustainable development, CC-resiliency, and its contribution to the country‟s economic growth. The framework used is flexible and can be fashioned for the other cities in Global South countries and other regions.Keywords: Sustainable Development, Climate Change, Inclusive, Economic, Action Plan

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