Social perception of brands: Warmth and competence define images of both brands and social groups

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Kervyn ◽  
Susan T. Fiske ◽  
Chris Malone
Keyword(s):  
Social Perception ◽  
Social Groups

Animals as Social Objects

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Sevillano ◽  
Susan T. Fiske
Keyword(s):  
Social Perception ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Responses ◽  
Content Model ◽  
Stereotype Content ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Behavioral Tendencies ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Sphere Of Influence

Abstract. Nonhuman animals are typically excluded from the scope of social psychology. This article presents animals as social objects – targets of human social responses – overviewing the similarities and differences with human targets. The focus here is on perceiving animal species as social groups. Reflecting the two fundamental dimensions of humans’ social cognition – perceived warmth (benign or ill intent) and competence (high or low ability), proposed within the Stereotype Content Model ( Fiske, Cuddy, Glick, & Xu, 2002 ) – animal stereotypes are identified, together with associated prejudices and behavioral tendencies. In line with human intergroup threats, both realistic and symbolic threats associated with animals are reviewed. As a whole, animals appear to be social perception targets within the human sphere of influence and a valid topic for research.

scholarly journals The role of the group type and the characteristics of self-attitude in students’ social perception

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
M.V. Baleva
Keyword(s):  
Social Perception ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Group Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mediating Factor ◽  
Self Acceptance ◽  
Ingroup Favoritism

The article deals with the problem of disparate studies in social perceptions of different types of groups, which impede the understanding of its fundamental mechanisms. Different types of social groups appear in the research as stimulus descriptions of their artificial analogues, singled out according to ethnic, ideological and stratification criteria. As a mediating factor of social perception, the features of subject’s self-attitude (self-acceptance and self-rejection) are considered. The study involved 307 females and 109 males from 17 to 22 years old (M = 18.92, SD = 0.93). It was found that perceiving of different types of social groups determines the varying degrees of stereotyping and bias intensity. Both of these phenomena are most observable for the groups identified by stratification criterion. Ingroup favoritism is also more conspicuous for the subject’s “ideological” ingroup in comparison with the groups of different types. It was also shown that self-attitude plays a facilitating role in the manifestations of ingroup favoritism: both self-acceptance and self-rejection contribute to the growth of perceptional bias, but do not “participate” in outgroup stereotyping.

scholarly journals Dimensions of relationships of students with intellectual disabilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Ionela Roxana Urea
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Perception ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
School Group ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Perception Process ◽  
Students With Intellectual Disabilities

Constant investigations of the ways in which interpersonal relationships are structured has become necessary due to the complexity of interpersonal relationships that we notice in social groups icluding students. The aim of this research is to underline the specific manner that students with intellectual disabilities establish interpersonal relationships .This paper is based on a complex research on 112 preadolescents with intellectual disabilities and 98 teenagers with intellectual disabilities. We used “Choosing Alter’s Test” (focused on revealing the criteria for choosing a friend); “Relations with others” (focused on revealing the criteria underlying the assessment of interpersonal relationships established with an authority), through non-directive interviews.This study advances the idea that the interpersonal relationships that students with intellectual disabilities establish within the school group,  are develop based on the importance/significance attributed to each person with whom they interact, to the roles that each person plays in the students' lives and serve to satisfy their security’ needs and to meet their contextual needs.   Keywords: interpersonal relationships, socialization, relational spaces, social perception process, teenagers and preadolescents with intellectual disabilities;

scholarly journals Cognitive styles and contextual variables as the factors of ingroup bias and outgroup stereotyping in the perception of artificial social groups

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V. Baleva
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Social Perception ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ingroup Bias ◽  
Field Independence ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject

The problem considered in the article is connected with the establishment of interrelations between cognitive styles and subjectively constructed contextual factors in the process of social perception. Hypotheses about the presence of statistically significant effects and interactions of these factors on the variables of ingroup bias and outgroup stereotyping are tested. Participants (103 students, including 24 males and 79 females, from 17 to 22 years old, M = 19,29, SD = 0,77) were presented with specially constructed target text contained information on artificial social groups, as well as tools for measuring the bias, stereotyping and cognitive styles. It was found that the field-dependency, rigid control, impulsiveness and cognitive simplicity contributed to the stereotyping of the Other (p <0.08 ÷ 0.001), but not to the ingroup bias. It was shown that the growth of field-independence and flexible cognitive control decreased stereotyping faster, if the information about the social groups was of little importance for the subject (p <0,07 ÷ 0,05). The obtained facts indicate that the stereotyping has rather cognitive and the bias presumably motivational causality.

scholarly journals Predicting human behavior toward members of different social groups

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (39) ◽  
pp. 9696-9701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrianna C. Jenkins ◽  
Pierre Karashchuk ◽  
Lusha Zhu ◽  
Ming Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Perception ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Central Interest ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Social Treatment ◽  
Group Information ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Social Valuation

Disparities in outcomes across social groups pervade human societies and are of central interest to the social sciences. How people treat others is known to depend on a multitude of factors (e.g., others’ gender, ethnicity, appearance) even when these should be irrelevant. However, despite substantial progress, much remains unknown regarding (i) the set of mechanisms shaping people’s behavior toward members of different social groups and (ii) the extent to which these mechanisms can explain the structure of existing societal disparities. Here, we show in a set of experiments the important interplay between social perception and social valuation processes in explaining how people treat members of different social groups. Building on the idea that stereotypes can be organized onto basic, underlying dimensions, we first found using laboratory economic games that quantitative variation in stereotypes about different groups’ warmth and competence translated meaningfully into resource allocation behavior toward those groups. Computational modeling further revealed that these effects operated via the interaction of social perception and social valuation processes, with warmth and competence exerting diverging effects on participants’ preferences for equitable distributions of resources. This framework successfully predicted behavior toward members of a diverse set of social groups across samples and successfully generalized to predict societal disparities documented in labor and education settings with substantial precision and accuracy. Together, these results highlight a common set of mechanisms linking social group information to social treatment and show how preexisting, societally shared assumptions about different social groups can produce and reinforce societal disparities.

Maji ssu ka? Isn’t that honorific?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-523
Author(s):  
Nobuaki Akagi ◽  
Mio Bryce ◽  
Hiroshi Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Social Issue ◽  
Social Perception ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Japanese Speakers ◽  
The Social

Abstract Japanese honorifics used by younger generations are dynamic sites of tensions and discrepancies due to disagreeable conceptions and interpretations among different generations and social groups. It has become a social issue in modern Japanese society often described as keigo no midare ‘disorder in honorific’. This article examines the increased use of ssu by young Japanese speakers as a substitution of the polite form copular desu. This honorific expression plays a role as a relatively new polite form to convey ambivalent emotions to express respect and concurrently their desire to seek affinity and engagement. By analysing Japanese fictions, popular cultures and online-blog comments on the use of ssu, we demonstrate diversity in the social perception of this new honorific.

How Sexual Objectification Generates Dehumanization in Western and Eastern Cultures

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Wollast ◽  
Elisa Puvia ◽  
Philippe Bernard ◽  
Passagorn Tevichapong ◽  
Olivier Klein
Keyword(s):  
Social Perception ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Objectification Theory ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Sexual Objectification ◽  
Intense Pain ◽  
Eastern Cultures ◽  
Theory Research ◽  
Self Objectification ◽  
Asian Sample

Abstract. Ever since Fredrickson and Roberts (1997) proposed objectification theory, research on self-objectification and – by extension – other-objectification has experienced a considerable expansion. However, most of the studies on sexual objectification have been conducted solely in Western populations. This study investigates whether the effect of target sexualization on social perception differs as a function of culture (Western vs. Eastern). Specifically, we asked a Western sample (Belgian, N = 62) and a Southeast Asian sample (Thai, N = 98) to rate sexualized versus nonsexualized targets. We found that sexual objectification results in dehumanization in both Western (Belgium) and Eastern (Thailand) cultures. Specifically, participants from both countries attributed less competence and less agency to sexualized than to nonsexualized targets, and they reported that they would administer more intense pain to sexualized than to nonsexualized targets. Thus, building on past research, this study suggests that the effect of target sexualization on dehumanization is a more general rather than a culture-specific phenomenon.

A Test of Three Sadism Measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojana M. Dinić ◽  
Tara Bulut Allred ◽  
Boban Petrović ◽  
Anja Wertag
Keyword(s):  
Item Response ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Profile Similarity ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Positive Correlations

Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate psychometric properties of three sadism scales: Short Sadistic Impulse Scale (SSIS), Varieties of Sadistic Tendencies (VAST, which measures direct and vicarious sadism), and Assessment of Sadistic Personality (ASP). Sample included 443 participants (50.1% men) from the general population. Reliability based on internal consistency of all scales was good, and results of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) showed that all three scales had acceptable fit indices for the proposed structure. Results of Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis showed that all three scales had higher measurement precision (information) in above-average scores. Validity of the scales was supported through moderate to high positive correlations with the Dark Triad traits, especially psychopathy, as well as positive correlations with aggressiveness and negative with Honesty-Humility. Moreover, results of hierarchical regression analysis showed that all three measures of direct, but not vicarious sadism, contributed significantly above and beyond other Dark Triad traits to the prediction of increased positive attitudes toward dangerous social groups. The profile similarity index showed that the SSIS and the ASP were highly overlapping, while vicarious sadism seems distinct from other sadism scales.

Effects of Power on Social Perception

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Cislak
Keyword(s):  
Social Perception ◽  
Task Orientation ◽  
Relative Power ◽  
Agency And Communion ◽  
The Relationship

Three studies explored the relationship between power and the perception of others in terms of agency and communion. In Study 1, participants taking a manager perspective were more interested in the agency of their future employee than those asked to take a subordinate perspective were in the agency of their future employer. Moreover, they showed more interest in the agency than in the communion of their future employee. Study 2 extended these findings to perceptions of others unrelated to the context of work. In Study 3, participants taking the manager perspective favored agency traits in their employee more than those taking the subordinate perspective favored agency in their employer. This effect was mediated by an increased task orientation among those in positions of greater relative power. Using two manipulations and three dependent measures, power was found to enhance the focus on the agency dimension across the three studies, mediated by increases in orientation to tasks versus relationships.

Stereotypes of Social Groups in Germany in Terms of Warmth and Competence

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Asbrock
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Judgment ◽  
Cultural Stereotypes ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Content Model ◽  
Stereotype Content ◽  
German Student ◽  
Stable Clusters ◽  
Relevant Social Groups

The stereotype content model says that warmth and competence are fundamental dimensions of social judgment. This brief report analyzes the cultural stereotypes of relevant social groups in a German student sample (N = 82). In support of the model, stereotypes of 29 societal groups led to five stable clusters of differing warmth and competence evaluations. As expected, clusters cover all four possible combinations of warmth and competence. The study also reports unique findings for the German context, for example, similarities between the perceptions of Turks and other foreigners. Moreover, it points to different stereotypes of lesbians and gay men.

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