Dark Triad: Associations with juvenile delinquency, conduct disorder and trauma

The Dark Triad (DT) consists of three personality traits (machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). This is considered relevant for understanding the development of undesirable characteristics for society, frequently observed in young people and adults with antisocial and delinquent behaviours. Aversive personality traits have only recently aroused interest in researchers as a cohesive set of factors. The aim of this study was to analyse the associations of the DT (machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) with juvenile delinquency, conduct disorder (CD), and trauma. For this, a total sample of Portuguese adolescents (n=601; Mage=15.95 years, SD=1.05 years, range=13-18 years) was used, subdivided into a male forensic group, male school group, and female school group. After the elaboration of multiple linear regression models, the results indicated that the psychopathy dimension was the one with the greatest association with juvenile delinquency and CD, while the narcissism dimension was the one with the greatest association with trauma. In future studies, the associations of the DT with juvenile delinquency, CD, and trauma in Portuguese adolescents should continue to be explored in the forensic and school contexts, to further clarify these relationships and contribute to the development and implementation of prevention and intervention programs for Youth with these characteristics.

Epidemiological Investigation among Middle School Students in Haicheng City, Liaoning Province

Objective To investigate the incidence and characteristics of scoliosis among middle school students and adolescents in Haicheng City, Liaoning Province, to enrich the epidemiological data of the disease in our city and provide theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods From October 10, 2019 to December 12, 2019, under the organization of the Haicheng Education Bureau of Liaoning Province, students from 37 schools in the city’s junior and senior high schools were screened, and all the subjects were tested in turn. Screening methods, namely the first inspection visual method, Adam bending test, second inspection scoliosis measurement rulers, third inspection standing position spine full length anterolateral X-ray examination. X-ray examination found that Cobb’s angle ≥10° The patient was diagnosed with scoliosis. Results the number of students screened in this screening were 29,314, and the number of confirmed cases was 289 (0.99%). Among the confirmed numbers were 115 males (39.79%) and 174 females (60.21%). The prevalence of females was higher than that of males (X2=27.789). P=0.0000). Among the confirmed cases, 245 cases had Cobb’s angle ≤19°, 28 cases had Cobb’s angle 20°−29°, 10 cases had Cobb’s angle 30° − 39°, and 6 cases had Cobb’s angle ≥40°. Conclusion The incidence of scoliosis among middle school students in Haicheng City, Liaoning Province is higher in the junior high school group than in the high school group. The incidence of female students is higher than that of male students, which should be taken seriouslt.

Impact of literacy on hypertension knowledge and control of blood pressure in a southern Indian tertiary hospital.

Background : Hypertension is a global public health concern. Awareness and knowledge about the disease in a community collectively would allow adequate prevention, promote self-care practices, adherence to medication and ultimately effective management of hypertension. Aim: To ascertain the level of education associated with knowledge of hypertension and control of blood pressure. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey consisting of item questions about awareness and knowledge of hypertension. Hypertensive patients (n = 424) of both genders and more than 20 years of age were included in the study. Hypertensive patients were divided into two groups (school group and school pass-out group) to assess the level of knowledge. Chi-square test was performed to determine the assessment, and p-value < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Out of 424 participants, 71.2% were school group and 28.7% school pass-out group. School pass-out group had significant knowledge about dangerous natural course of hypertension (p = 0.00069), hypertension can lead to death if untreated (p = 0.015), benefits of cessation of smoking (p = 0.03), advantage of limiting alcohol (p = 0.019) and performing regular exercise (p = 0.013) reduces blood pressure. School pass-out group had significant (p = 0.04) hypertension control compared to the school group. Conclusion: Educational status plays a vital role in increasing knowledge and improving the management of hypertension through better selfcare practices and strict adherence to medication. Community-based health education interventional programs targeting the lower socioeconomic group of a population would help to reduce the gap in awareness and effective control of hypertension.

Uma nova cultura escolar: a implementação de espaços e de mobiliários no Grupo Escolar de Lavras – MG

Esta pesquisa se propõe a investigar e a compreender a implementação dos mobiliários escolares na instalação do Grupo Escolar de Lavras, cidade localizada na Região Sul do Estado de Minas Gerais, a partir da reforma da educação pública primária iniciada no governo João Pinheiro no ano de 1906. Neste estudo, será utilizada a metodologia bibliográfica e documental para fundamentar as reflexões apresentadas, considerando como principais referenciais Faria Filho (2000; 2002), Gatti Júnior (2000) e Costa (1907; 1908; 1913). A partir disso, ao percorrer esse itinerário educacional, observou-se que os resultados apontaram que esse grupo escolar acompanhou a ordenação de uma nova cultura escolar, rica e complexa, com os elementos que a compõem como um fenômeno que educa, seja por meio dos tempos, dos espaços, dos sujeitos e dos conhecimentos escolarizados.Palavras-chave: Grupo escolar. História da Educação. Mobiliário escolar.A New School Culture: the implementation of spaces and furniture in the School Group of Lavras – MGABSTRACTThis research aims to investigate and understand the implementation of school furniture in the installation of Grupo Escolar de Lavras, a city located in the southern region of the State of Minas Gerais after the reform of primary public education initiated in the João Pinheiro government in 1906. Are benefited in this study, for the substantiate the reflections presented, the bibliographic and documentary methodology, considering the main references such as Faria Filho (2000; 2002), Gatti Júnior (2000) and Costa (1907; 1908; 1913). From that, as we went through this educational itinerary, the results showed that this school group followed the ordering of new school culture, rich and complex, with the elements that compose it as a phenomenon that educates, whether through time, spaces, subjects and schooled knowledge.Keywords: School group. History of Education. School furniture.Una Nueva Cultura Escolar: la implementación de espacios y muebles en el Grupo Escolar de Lavras – MGRESUMENEsta investigación tiene como objetivo investigar y comprender la implementación del mobiliario escolar en la instalación del Grupo Escolar de Lavras, una ciudad ubicada en la región sur del estado de Minas Gerais después de la reforma de la educación pública primaria iniciada durante el gobierno de João Pinheiro en 1906. Son privilegiados en este estudio, para apoyar las reflexiones presentadas, la metodología bibliográfica y documental, considerando las principales referencias como Faria Filho (2000; 2002), Gatti Júnior (2000) y Costa (1907; 1908; 1913). Con base en eso, a medida que avanzamos en este itinerario educativo, los resultados mostraron que este grupo escolar siguió el orden de una nueva cultura escolar, rica y compleja, con los elementos que la componen como un fenómeno que educa, ya sea a través del tiempo, espacios, asignaturas y conocimiento escolar.Palabras clave: Grupo escolar. Historia de la Educación. Mobiliario escolar.

Maternal education, home environment and chinese primary school children’s academic performance: Longitudinal follow-up results

This paper reports a follow up analysis of longitudinal date. We (1) examined urban Chinese mothers’ occupations as a function of their educational levels, (2) tested mediating effects of home environment variables after fine-tuning key variables of maternal education and home environment by excluding data that were provided by the children’s fathers, and (3) tested if home environment variables mattered differently for academic performance in the first grade, second grade, and changes the children’s grade. Data on maternal education level (Group 1: No More than Junior High School; Group 2: High School; Group 3: At Least College), maternal occupation and 12 home environment variables were directly obtained from urban mothers in January of 2019 (Time 1; N = 231); data on academic performance were directly obtained from the children’s school in February (Time 1; N = 231) and then in October of 2019 (Time 2; N = 226). We found partial support for our earlier speculation that mothers in Group 1 and Group 2 were similarly positioned on the job market. Similar to our earlier finding, we found that children whose mothers were in Group 3 outperformed their peers in academic performance but children from the first two groups performed similarly. In both times, the link between maternal education and children’s academic performance was mediated by some home environment variables such as number of children’s books at home. However, the role of home environment variables in the link between maternal education and children’s academic performance is complex and may vary with time.