Am I Abnormal? Relative Rank and Social Norm Effects in Judgments of Anxiety and Depression Symptom Severity

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Melrose ◽  
Gordon D. A. Brown ◽  
Alex M. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Social Norm ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Relative Rank

scholarly journals The characteristics of anxiety and depression symptom severity in older adults living in public housing

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Simning ◽  
Yeates Conwell ◽  
Susan G. Fisher ◽  
Thomas M. Richardson ◽  
Edwin van Wijngaarden
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Housing Residents

ABSTRACTBackground:Anxiety and depression are common in older adult public housing residents and frequently co-occur. To understand anxiety and depression more fully in this socioeconomically disadvantaged population, this study relies on the Social Antecedent Model of Psychopathology to characterize anxiety and depression symptoms concurrently.Methods:190 public housing residents aged 60 years and older in Rochester, New York, participated in a research interview during which they reported on variables across the six stages of the Social Antecedent Model. GAD-7 and PHQ-9 assessed anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively.Results:In these older adult residents, anxiety and depression symptom severity scores were correlated (r = 0.61; p < 0.001). Correlates of anxiety and depression symptom severity were similar for both outcomes and spanned the six stages of the Social Antecedent Model. Multivariate linear regression models identified age, medical comorbidity, mobility, social support, maladaptive coping, and recent life events severity as statistically significant correlates. The regression models accounted for 43% of anxiety and 48% of depression symptom variability.Conclusions:In public housing residents, late-life anxiety and depression symptoms were moderately correlated. Anxiety symptom severity correlates were largely consistent with those found for depression symptom severity. The broad distribution of correlates across demographic, social, medical, and behavioral domains suggests that the context of late-life anxiety and depression symptomatology in public housing is complex and that multidisciplinary collaborative care approaches may be warranted in future interventions.

Androgen Deficiency: Association With Increased Anxiety and Depression Symptom Severity in Anorexia Nervosa

2007 ◽  
Vol 68 (06) ◽  
pp. 959-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen K. Miller ◽  
Tamara L. Wexler ◽  
Alicia M. Zha ◽  
Elizabeth A. Lawson ◽  
Erinne M. Meenaghan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Androgen Deficiency

scholarly journals An examination of the bidirectional relationship between functioning and symptom levels in patients with anxiety disorders in the CALM study

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Brown ◽  
J. L. Krull ◽  
P. Roy-Byrne ◽  
C. D. Sherbourne ◽  
M. B. Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Subsequent Time ◽  
Subsequent Time Point ◽  
Time Point

BackgroundPatients with anxiety disorders suffer marked functional impairment in their activities of daily living. Many studies have documented that improvements in anxiety symptom severity predict functioning improvements. However, no studies have investigated how improvements in functioning simultaneously predict symptom reduction. We hypothesized that symptom levels at a given time point will predict functioning at the subsequent time point, and simultaneously that functioning at a given time point will predict symptom levels at a subsequent time point.MethodPatients were recruited from primary-care centers for the Coordinated Anxiety Learning and Management (CALM) study and were randomized to receive either computer-assisted cognitive-behavioral therapy and/or medication management (ITV) or usual care (UC). A cross-lagged panel design examined the relationship between functional impairment and anxiety and depression symptom severity at baseline, 6-, 12-, and 18-month follow-up assessments.ResultsProspective prediction of functioning from symptoms and symptoms from functioning were both important in modeling these associations. Anxiety and depression predicted functioning as strongly as functioning predicted anxiety and depression. There were some differences in these associations between UC and ITV. Where differences emerged, the UC group was best modeled with prospective paths predicting functioning from symptoms, whereas symptoms and functioning were both important predictors in the ITV group.ConclusionsTreatment outcome is best captured by measures of functional impairment as well as symptom severity. Implications for treatment are discussed, as well as future directions of research.

Predicting MDD with a Semistructured Depression Symptom Severity Interview in Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 862-P
Author(s):  
AMIT SHAPIRA ◽  
VANCE ZEMON ◽  
STEVEN SAFREN ◽  
JEFFREY S. GONZALEZ
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Depression Symptom

scholarly journals Cognition and Its Association with Psychosocial and Occupational Functioning during Treatment with Escitalopram in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A CAN-BIND-1 Report: La Cognition Et Son Association Avec Le Fonctionnement Psychosocial Et Professionnel Durant Le Traitement Par Escitalopram Chez Des Patients Souffrant De Trouble Dépressif Majeur: Une Étude Can-Bind-1

2020 ◽  
pp. 070674372097482
Author(s):  
Shane J. McInerney ◽  
Trisha Chakrabarty ◽  
Malgorzata Maciukiewicz ◽  
Benicio N. Frey ◽  
Glenda M. MacQueen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Occupational Functioning ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with impairments in both cognition and functioning. However, whether cognitive deficits significantly contribute to impaired psychosocial and occupational functioning, independent of other depressive symptoms, is not well established. We examined the relationship between cognitive performance and functioning in depressed patients before and after antidepressant treatment using secondary data from the first Canadian Biomarker Integration Network in Depression-1 study. Methods: Cognition was assessed at baseline in unmedicated, depressed participants with MDD ( n = 207) using the Central Nervous System Vital Signs computerized battery, psychosocial functioning with the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and occupational functioning with the Lam Employment Absence and Productivity Scale (LEAPS). Cognition ( n = 181), SDS ( n = 175), and LEAPS ( n = 118) were reassessed after participants received 8 weeks of open-label escitalopram monotherapy. A series of linear regressions were conducted to determine (1) whether cognitive functioning was associated with psychosocial and occupational functioning prior to treatment, after adjusting for overall depressive symptom severity and (2) whether changes in cognitive functioning after an 8-week treatment phase were associated with changes in psychosocial and occupational functioning, after adjusting for changes in overall symptom severity. Results: Baseline global cognitive functioning, after adjusting for depression symptom severity and demographic variables, was associated with the SDS work/study subscale (β = −0.17; P = 0.03) and LEAPS productivity subscale (β = −0.17; P = 0.05), but not SDS total (β = 0.19; P = 0.12) or LEAPS total (β = 0.41; P = 0.17) scores. Although LEAPS and SDS scores showed significant improvements after 8 weeks of treatment ( P < 0.001), there were no significant associations between changes in cognitive domain scores and functional improvements. Conclusion: Cognition was associated with occupational functioning at baseline, but changes in cognition were not associated with psychosocial or occupational functional improvements following escitalopram treatment. We recommend the use of more comprehensive functional assessments to determine the impact of cognitive change on functional outcomes in future research.

Depression and Anxiety as Mediators of PTSD Symptom Clusters and Pain in Treatment-Seeking Canadian Forces Members and Veterans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Roth ◽  
Lisa King ◽  
Don Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Ptsd Symptom ◽  
Symptom Clusters ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Pain Subscale ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Pain Symptoms ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Introduction Chronic pain (CP) commonly presents alongside psychiatric conditions such as depression, PTSD, and generalized anxiety. The current study sought to better understand this complex relationship by determining whether anxiety and depression symptom severity mediated the relationship between DSM-5 PTSD symptom clusters and pain symptoms in a sample of 663 Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) personnel and veterans seeking treatment for mental health conditions. Materials and Methods Generalized anxiety disorder, depression, and PTSD symptom severity were measured using self-report scales provided as part of a standard intake protocol. Pain symptoms were measured using the Bodily Pain subscale of the SF-36 (SF-36 BPS). Linear regressions were used to explore the relationship between PTSD symptom clusters, depression, anxiety, and pain. Bootstrapped resampling analyses were employed to test mediation effects. Results The average SF-36 BPS score in this sample was 36.6, nearly 1.5 SDs below the population health status, enforcing the salience of pain symptoms as a concern for veterans and CAF seeking treatment for military-related psychiatric conditions. The effects of PTSD symptom clusters avoidance, negative mood and cognitions, and arousal on pain were fully mediated by anxiety and depression severity. However, the effect of intrusion on pain was not mediated by depression and only partly mediated by anxiety. Conclusion Findings emphasize the importance of including anxiety and depression in models of PTSD and pain, particularly in samples where psychiatric comorbidity is high. Clinically, results highlight the need for improved treatment regimens that address pain symptoms alongside common psychiatric comorbidities.

Screening Depression and Anxiety via Brief Measures of Psychological Inflexibility

2021 ◽  
pp. 073428292110507
Author(s):  
Sean N. Weeks ◽  
Tyler L. Renshaw ◽  
Anthony J. Roberson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cut Scores ◽  
Psychological Inflexibility ◽  
Public Health Screening ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Screening Accuracy

We evaluated the usefulness of scores from two transdiagnostic scales—the 8-item version of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth and the second edition of the Avoidance and Action Questionnaire—for estimating symptom severity on two measures of depression and anxiety. Responses from 797 college students, who mostly identified as White and female, to both measures of psychological inflexibility were analyzed to determine how well scores estimated anxiety and depression above or below a given severity level and at specific categories of symptom severity. Findings indicated that scores from both measures were acceptable to excellent screeners of concurrent ratings of anxiety and depression. Results varied somewhat depending on the measure used, level of severity targeted, and scope of screening. By investigating the screening accuracy of these transdiagnostic measures and potential cut scores to ease in interpreting results, we hope these measures might prove useful for addressing barriers in public health screening endeavors.

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