Microbial production of amino acids. II. The influence of carbon and nitrogen sources and metal ions on growth ofUstilago maydis (DC.) Cda. and on lysine and threonine production

1962 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Kurz ◽  
L.-E. Ericson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Microbial Production ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Threonine Production

Production and Optimization of Cellulase Activity of Thermomonospora Viridis Isolated From Rice Straw

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-404
Author(s):  
Faozia Faleha Sadida ◽  
Ma Manchur
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Cellulase Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Tetraacetic Acid ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Optimum Ph

A highly cellulolytic actinomycete SR1 was locally isolated from rice straw and provisionally identified as Thermomonospora viridis. Optimum pH, temperature, carbon and nitrogen sources for its cellulase production were 6.5, 35°C, Carboxymethyl cellulase (CMC) and yeast extract, respectively whereas those of cellulase activity were 7.5, 40°C, CMC and peptone respectively. The effects of various metal ions and different reductant and inhibitors on its cellulase activity were investigated. Univalent Ag+ was found to decrease the enzyme activity whereas increased by bivalent Mg2+. Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) caused remarkable decrease of cellulase activity but β-Mercaptoethanol stimulated its cellulase activity. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 395-404, 2021 (June)

Growth and production of microsclerotia of two Cylindrocladium species with various carbon and nitrogen sources

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 1665-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Optimum Growth ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Cylindrocladium Floridanum ◽  
Slight Growth

Galactose, glucose, maltose, and mannose supported optimum growth of Cylindrocladium scoparium in buffered liquid media. Growth of C. floridanum was maximum on cellobiose, sorbose, and xylose, but growth was only slight on maltose and galactose. Both fungi used several amino acids and grew well on peptone, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, and urea. Cylindrocladium floridanum grew well on sodium nitrite, but C. scoparium made only slight growth on this nitrogen source. Ammonium and nitrite compounds inhibited production of microsclerotia by both fungi. The fungi grew between pH 4.1 and 7.5 with optimum growth at pH 6.5. Numbers of microsclerotia produced were generally directly related to the amount of growth.

Influences of carbon and nitrogen sources and metal ions on the heterotrophic culture of Scenedesmus sp. LX1

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 13381-13389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yitian He ◽  
Yu Hong ◽  
Xiaoya Liu ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Peirui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Heterotrophic Culture ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

PROTEINASE BIOSYNTHESIS BY STREPTOCOCCUS LIQUEFACIENS: I. THE EFFECT OF CARBON AND NITROGEN SOURCES, pH, AND INHIBITORS

1956 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 747-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Rabin ◽  
Leonard N. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

Some nutritive aspects of proteinase biosynthesis by non-proliferating cells of Streptococcus liquefaciens, strain 31, were investigated by substituting constituents in a basal medium containing casein, lactose, purines, pyrimidines, vitamins, and salts. The casein of the medium could be replaced by a mixture of 12 "essential" amino acids (glutamic acid, histidine, valine, serine, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, arginine, cystine, lysine, tryptophane, and threonine), thus demonstrating that proteinase synthesis can occur in a medium devoid of protein. Proteinase biosynthesis appeared to depend upon an inordinately high concentration of arginine, required a fermentable carbohydrate, and occurred optimally at pH 6.3. Sodium fluoride and iodoacetate did not inhibit the proteinase activity but radically curbed its synthesis.

scholarly journals Regulation of Glutamate Dehydrogenases in Neurospora Crassa as a Response to Carbohydrates and Amino Acids in the Media

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 905 ◽  
Author(s):  
WN Strickland
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
The Media ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations ◽  
Amino Acid Accumulation

Mycelial pads of N. crassa grown for 48 hr in minimal medium were harvested, washed, and transferred to test media containing a variety of carbon and nitrogen sources. When some amino acids served as the sole carbon source, NAD-GDH was induced and the activity of NADP-GDH declined. Addition of sucrose depressed or prevented induction of NAD-GDH while NADP�GDH activity was maintained. Internal amino acid concentrations increased when mycelial pads were incubated in amino acids that induced NAD-GDH, but these accumulated amino acids were only oxidized in the absence of sucrose. The rate of amino acid accumulation decreased if sucrose was present in the media.

scholarly journals Structural and Functional Insights into Iturin W, a Novel Lipopeptide Produced by the Deep-Sea Bacterium Bacillus sp. Strain wsm-1

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengnan Zhou ◽  
Ge Liu ◽  
Rikuan Zheng ◽  
Chaomin Sun ◽  
Shimei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

ABSTRACT In the present study, a deep-sea bacterial strain designated Bacillus sp. strain wsm-1 was screened and found to exhibit strong antifungal activity against many plant-pathogenic fungi, and corresponding antifungal agents were thereby purified and determined by tandem mass spectrometry to be two cyclic lipopeptide homologs. These homologs, which were different from any previously reported lipopeptides, were identified to possess identical amino acid sequences of β-amino fatty acid-Asn-Ser-Asn-Pro-Tyr-Asn-Gln and deduced as two novel lipopeptides designated C14 iturin W and C15 iturin W. Electron microscopy observation indicated that both iturin W homologs caused obvious morphological changes and serious disruption of plasma membrane toward fungal cells, while C15 iturin W exhibited more serious cell damages than C14 iturin W did, which was well consistent with the results of the antifungal activity assays. To improve the yield and antifungal activity of iturin W, the effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources and amino acids on production of C14 iturin W and C15 iturin W were investigated. The results indicated that supplements of most of the detected carbon and nitrogen sources could increase the yield of C14 iturin W, but inhibit the yield of C15 iturin W, while supplements of tryptone and most of the detected amino acids could increase the yield of both C14 iturin W and C15 iturin W. IMPORTANCE Plant disease caused by pathogenic fungi is one of the most devastating diseases, which affects the food safety of the whole world to a great extent. Biological control of plant diseases by microbial natural products is more desirable than traditional chemical control. In this study, we discovered a novel lipopeptide, iturin W, with promising prospects in biological control of plant diseases. Moreover, the effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources and amino acids on production of C14 iturin W and C15 iturin W would provide a reasonable basis for the optimization of the fermentation process of lipopeptides. Notably, the structure of iturin W was different from that of any previously reported lipopeptide, suggesting that deep-sea microorganisms might produce many novel natural products and have significant potential in the development of biological products in the future.

Influence of carbon and nitrogen sources on growth, nitrogenase activity, and carbon metabolism of Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 745-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel A Tejera ◽  
Eduardo Ortega ◽  
Rosa Rodés ◽  
Carmen Lluch
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽  
Direct Oxidation ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

The effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources on the growth, nitrogenase activity, and carbon metabolism of Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus were investigated. The amino acids asparagine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid affected microbial growth and nitrogenase activity. Several enzymatic activities involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle were affected by the carbon source used. In addition, glucose and gluconate significantly increased the oxygen consumption (respiration rate) of whole cells of G. diazotrophicus grown under aerobic conditions. Enzymes responsible for direct oxidation of glucose and gluconate were especially active in cells grown with sucrose and gluconate. The presence of amino acids in the apoplastic and symplastic sap of sugarcane stems suggests that these compounds might be of importance in the regulation of growth and nitrogenase activity during the symbiotic association. The information obtained from the plant–bacterium association together with the results of other biochemical studies could contribute to the development of biotechnological applications of G. diazotrophicus.Key words: Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, endophyte, metabolism, nitrogen fixation.

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