What are the effects of different types of psychological therapies on outcomes in both children with chronic illness and their parents?

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Different Types

Sticks and Stones May Break My Bones . . . Reasoning About Illness Causality and Body Functioning in Children Who Have a Chronic Illness

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 608-619
Author(s):  
Ellen C. Perrin ◽  
Aline G. Sayer ◽  
John B. Willett
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Seizure Disorder ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cognitive Reasoning ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Reasoning Skills ◽  
Experience Of Illness ◽  
Different Levels

Children's concepts about illness causality and bodily functioning change in a predictable way with advancing age. Differences in the understanding of these concepts in healthy children vs children with a chronic illness have not been clearly delineated. This study included 49 children with a seizure disorder, 47 children with an orthopaedic condition, and 96 healthy children, all with normal intelligence and ranging in age from 5 to 16 years. It demonstrates systematic differences in children's general reasoning skills and in their understanding of concepts about illness causality and bodily functioning, as a function of their age and experience of illness. At all ages, children who had a condition with orthopaedic involvement reported less sophisticated general reasoning and concepts about illness than did healthy children; children with a seizure disorder reported similar general reasoning skills to those of healthy children, but considerably less sophisticated concepts about illness. children's concepts about body functioning did not differ as a function of the presence of a chronic illness. When their different levels of general cognitive reasoning were statistically controlled, children with a chronic illness had somewhat more sophisticated concepts about bodily functioning than did healthy children. Differences in conceptual development among children with different types of illnesses lead to interesting speculations with regard to the effects of particular illness characteristics on children's cognitive development.

Panic and Phobic Disorders

2018 ◽  
pp. 97-124
Author(s):  
Carol S. North ◽  
Sean H. Yutzy
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Public Speaking ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Social Phobias ◽  
Phobic Disorders ◽  
Specific Phobias ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Fear Of Public Speaking

Panic and phobic disorders are among the most common psychiatric syndromes. Panic disorder is a chronic illness characterized by recurrent, acute panic attacks, which are discrete episodes of anxiety or fearfulness with definite onset, rapid increase, and spontaneous termination. Phobic disorder is a chronic condition dominated by one or more phobias. Different types of phobias include specific phobias (e.g., fear of animals), social phobias (e.g., fear of public speaking), and agoraphobia (fear of being in places where help might not be available in the event of an anxiety attack). Panic disorder and agoraphobia are currently diagnosed independently of one another, but previously these diagnoses were linked diagnostically (panic disorder with or without agoraphobia and agoraphobia without panic disorder).

scholarly journals How does psychotherapy work? The self and its disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwen Adshead ◽  
Peter Fonagy
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Psychological Therapy ◽  
The Self ◽  
Symptom Reduction ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Different Types

SummaryThere is now extensive evidence that different types of psychological therapy are effective for various psychiatric disorders, both in terms of symptom reduction and in improving the patient's capacity to function adaptively. In two articles, we set out some current ideas of how psychological therapies might ‘work’, drawing on neurobiological studies of brain plasticity and therapeutic efficacy. In this first article, we review the evidence that disorders of self-experience are common to many psychiatric disorders, and that psychological therapies ‘work’ on those disorders. The second article will appear in the next issue of Advances.

scholarly journals Does coping strategies have asignificant relationship with quality of life among caregivers of chronic illness patients?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Merican Aren ◽  
Nurlatifah Rahim ◽  
Jati Kasuma
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aimed to investigate the coping strategies and quality of life among caregivers of chronic illness patients. The study was conducted among the caregivers from five (5) villages in Sibu District of Sarawak by using a survey research design. A total of sixty seven (67) participants were participated in this study. Two different instruments were used to measure different types of variables. Research data collected was tested and analyzed by using a descriptive statistic and Pearson Correlation. The result revealed that there was a significant relationship between the coping strategies and the quality of life among caregivers of chronic illness patients. The relationship between both coping strategies and domains of quality of life was in a moderate level.  As an implication, counselors should be more aware about the types of coping strategies used by the caregivers because it can affect the individual’s quality of life indirectly.

scholarly journals NETWORK AND SOCIAL SUPPORT IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC DISEASES: UNDERSTANDING THE CHILD'S PERCEPTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elizabete de Amorim Silva ◽  
Flávia Moura de Moura ◽  
Tarciane Marinho Albuquerque ◽  
Altamira Pereira da Silva Reichert ◽  
Neusa Collet
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Different Types

ABSTRACT Objective to identify the network and social support in the perception of children with chronic disease. Method qualitative research conducted with eight children with chronic disease, between November 2012 and June 2013 in a public hospital in Paraiba, Brazil. An adaptation of the drawing-story process with theme was used. The data were interpreted by thematic analysis. Results in some moments of life, the child receives different types of support that are offered by strengthened links that make up their social network. But this network has not always proven to be strengthened and able to provide the necessary support to adequately cope with the disease. Conclusion health professionals need to direct their focus on the child, listening to them and their singularities and helping to identify links in their social network which can provide them with the support they need to cope with chronic illness.

scholarly journals Waves of family hope: narratives of families in the context of pediatric chronic illness

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Andrade Biaggi Leite ◽  
Cristina García-Vivar ◽  
Francine DeMontigny ◽  
Lucila Castanheira Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Theoretical Data ◽  
Photo Elicitation ◽  
Pediatric Chronic Illness ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Family Narratives ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Family Resource ◽  
Complex Chronic Illness

Objective: to analyze narratives about the experience of hope of families in the context of pediatric chronic illness. Method: a narrative research using Family Systems Nursing as a conceptual framework. Three families of children and adolescents diagnosed with complex chronic illness participated in this study, totaling 10 participants. Data collection was developed using family photo-elicitation interviews. Family narratives were constructed and analyzed according to inductive thematic analysis with theoretical data triangulation. Results: the analytical theme - Waves of Family Hope in the Context of Pediatric Chronic Illness - is composed of four different types of hope: uncertain hope, caring hope, latent hope, and expectant hope. Movement through these hopes generates a driving energy and depends on a number of factors: support, information, searching for normality, and thoughts and comparisons. Conclusion: the results highlight the interaction and reciprocities of the members of the family unit, and the dynamics of hope, and illustrate the different types of hope and the factors that influence them. This study highlights the experience of hope as a family resource rather than just an individual resource, and supports health professionals in the planning of family care considering hope as an essential and dynamic family resource.

The extinction time of a general birth and death process with catastrophes

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Brockwell
Keyword(s):  
Laplace Transform ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Extinction Time ◽  
Birth And Death Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Laplace Transform ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

The Laplace transform of the extinction time is determined for a general birth and death process with arbitrary catastrophe rate and catastrophe size distribution. It is assumed only that the birth rates satisfyλ0= 0,λj> 0 for eachj> 0, and. Necessary and sufficient conditions for certain extinction of the population are derived. The results are applied to the linear birth and death process (λj=jλ, µj=jμ) with catastrophes of several different types.

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