Early childhood cumulative risk is associated with decreased global brain measures, cortical thickness, and cognitive functioning in school‐age children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Chad‐Friedman ◽  
Morgan Botdorf ◽  
Tracy Riggins ◽  
Lea R. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Global Brain

scholarly journals Downstream Effects of Maternal Hypothyroxinemia in Early Pregnancy: Nonverbal IQ and Brain Morphology in School-Age Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 2383-2390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhgar Ghassabian ◽  
Hanan El Marroun ◽  
Robin P. Peeters ◽  
Vincent W. Jaddoe ◽  
Albert Hofman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Global Brain ◽  
Volumetric Measures

Context: Although maternal hypothyroxinemia is suggested to be related to various adverse consequences in a child's neurodevelopment, the underlying neurobiology is largely unknown. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between maternal hypothyroxinemia in early pregnancy and children's nonverbal intelligence quotient (IQ). Furthermore, we explored whether global brain volumes, cortical thickness, and brain surface area differed between children exposed prenatally to hypothyroxinemia and healthy controls. Design and Setting: The study included a large population-based prospective birth cohort in The Netherlands. Participants: A total of 3727 mother-child pairs with data on prenatal thyroid function at less than 18 weeks of gestation and nonverbal IQ at 6 years participated in the study. In 652 children, brain imaging was performed at 8 years of age. Main Measures: Maternal hypothyroxinemia was defined as free T4 in the lowest 5% of the sample, whereas TSH was in the normal range. At 6 years, children's IQ was assessed using a Dutch test battery. Global brain volumetric measures, cortical thickness, and surface area were assessed using high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging. Results: The children of mothers with hypothyroxinemia in early pregnancy scored 4.3 points IQ lower than the children of mothers with normal thyroid status (95% confidence interval −6.68, −1.81; P = .001). After adjustment for multiple testing, we did not find any differences in brain volumetric measures, cortical thickness, and surface area between children exposed prenatally to hypothyroxinemia and controls. Conclusions: Our findings confirm a large adverse effect of maternal hypothyroxinemia on children's nonverbal IQ at school age. However, we found no evidence that maternal hypothyroxinemia is associated with differences in brain morphology in school-age children.

scholarly journals Model Pendidikan Karakter Anak Usia Dini Dan Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar Di Jepang.

KIRYOKU ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Budi Mulyadi
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Character Education ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Field Research ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Know How

The title of this paper is The character education of early childhood and elementery school age children in Japan. The main goal of this research is to know how to apply   the character education of early childhood and elementery school age children in Japan. This research is the combination between liblary reaserach and field research. The step method used in this research is observation, interview, clasification, analysis, interpretasion and description. From the result of this paper in general can be describe there are uniqueness and  differences from the application of character education of early childhood and elementery school age children in Japan. But there are similarities that both are very concerned with moral education and personality. Moral education and personality is not taught trough special subject but is applied in daily life.

scholarly journals Early Childhood Risk Factors Associated with Daytime Wetting and Soiling in School-age Children

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 739-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Joinson ◽  
J. Heron ◽  
A. von Gontard ◽  
U. Butler ◽  
J. Golding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Childhood Risk Factors

Neurocognitive Effects In School Age Children Following Lead Exposure In Early Childhood

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 723-724
Author(s):  
KM Marano ◽  
L.C. Cohen ◽  
ENVIRON International Corporation
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age

Lung Function in School-age Children Who Had Mild Lower Respiratory Illnesses in Early Childhood

1991 ◽  
Vol 144 (3_pt_1) ◽  
pp. 655-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald L. Strope ◽  
Paul W. Stewart ◽  
Frederick W. Henderson ◽  
Sally S. Ivins ◽  
Helen C. Stedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses

scholarly journals PENTINGNYA PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI AGAR DAPAT TUMBUH DAN BERKEMBANG SEBAGAI GENERASI BANGSA HARAPAN DI MASA DEPAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
I KETUT TANU
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Education Law ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Early Age ◽  
School Age ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
The Family

<p><em>Early childhood education for children of pre-school age (3-6 years) is important, because at this age is a period of forming the foundations of the human personality, the ability to think, intelligence, skills and self-reliance and social skills in accordance with the mandate education law.</em></p><p><em>               Basically the child's world is a world of fundamental human progress toward a more perfect human adult. It has been realized that the generation is the next generation that needs to be nurtured from an early age, thus fostering early is the responsibility of families, neighborhoods and communities. Thus fostering pre-school age children, especially the role of the family is crucial development.</em></p><p><em>               Early childhood is the golden period (golden age) for the development of the child to the educational process. This period is the years of valuable for a child to recognize different kinds of facts on the environment as a stimulus to the development of personality, psychomotor, cognitive and sosialnya.Untuk it for early childhood education in the form of stimuli (stimulation) from the immediate environment is indispensable for optimizing the child's ability.</em></p>

Effects of early childhood lead exposure on academic performance and behaviour of school age children

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (11) ◽  
pp. 844-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Chandramouli ◽  
C D Steer ◽  
M Ellis ◽  
A M Emond
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age

scholarly journals GROWTH DELAY IN SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN OF LOW SOCIOECONCMIC LEVEL: ITS IMPACT ON COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING.

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 661-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Castillo ◽  
F Cortes ◽  
I De Andraca
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Growth Delay ◽  
School Age
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