Why is premorbid BMI consistently elevated in clinical samples, but not in risk factor samples, of individuals with eating disorders?

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra F. Muratore ◽  
Michael R. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Clinical Samples

scholarly journals Orthorexia Nervosa: differences between clinical and non-clinical samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Novara ◽  
E. Maggio ◽  
S. Piasentin ◽  
S. Pardini ◽  
S. Mattioli
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Orthorexia Nervosa ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive

Abstract Background Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) is a construct characterized by behaviors, emotions, and beliefs on eating healthy food and excessive attention to diet; moreover, dieting has been considered a risk factor in ON symptoms development. The principal aim of this study was to investigate the differences in clinical and non-clinical groups most at risk of ON. Aspects that could be associated with ON (Eating Disorders [EDs], obsessive-compulsive symptomatology, perfectionistic traits, anxiety, depression, Body Mass Index [BMI]) were investigated in all groups. Methods The sample consisted of 329 adults belonging to four different groups. Three were on a diet: Anorexia/Bulimia Nervosa group (N = 90), Obesity/Binge Eating Disorder group (N = 54), Diet group (N = 91). The Control group consisted of people who were not following a diet (N = 94). Participants completed several self-administered questionnaires (EHQ-21, EDI-3, OCI-R, MPS, BAI, BDI-II) to assess ON-related features in different groups. Results Analyses highlighted higher orthorexic tendencies in Anorexia/Bulimia Nervosa, Obesity/BED, and Diet groups than in the Control group. Moreover, results have shown that in the AN/BN group, eating disorders symptomatology and a lower BMI were related to ON and that in Obesity/Binge Eating Disorder and Diet groups, perfectionism traits are associated with ON. Conclusion Individuals who pursue a diet share some similarities with those who have an eating disorder regarding emotions, behaviors, and problems associated with orthorexic tendencies. Moreover, perfectionistic traits seem to predispose to higher ON tendencies. In general, these results confirm the ON as an aspect of the main eating disorders category.

Ethnicity as a Risk Factor for Eating Disorders

2015 ◽  
pp. 324-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Wildes ◽  
Kelsie T. Forbush
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Risk Factor

scholarly journals Measurement of Procarboxypeptidase U (TAFI) in Human Plasma: A Laboratory Challenge

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan L Willemse ◽  
Dirk F Hendriks
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Factor Evaluation ◽  
Antigen Determination ◽  
Made In

Abstract Background: The importance of carboxypeptidase U (CPU) as a novel regulator of the fibrinolytic rate has attracted much interest during recent years. CPU circulates in plasma as a zymogen, proCPU, that can be activated by thrombin, thrombin-thrombomodulin (T-Tm), or plasmin. Given that the proCPU concentration in plasma is far below its Km for activation by the T-Tm complex, the formation of CPU will be directly proportional to the proCPU concentration. A low or high proCPU plasma concentration might therefore tip the balance between profibrinolytic and antifibrinolytic pathways and thereby cause a predisposition to bleeding or thrombosis. Content: To measure plasma proCPU concentrations, different methods have been developed based on 2 different principles: antigen determination and measurement of CPU activity after quantitative conversion of the proenzyme to its active form by addition of T-Tm. The major drawbacks that should be kept in mind when analyzing clinical samples by both principles are reviewed. Conclusions: proCPU is a potential prothrombotic risk factor. Evaluation of its relationship with thrombosis requires accurate assays. Many assays used in different clinical settings are inadequately validated, forcing reconsideration of conclusions made in these reports.

scholarly journals A psychosocial risk factor model for female eating disorders: a European multicentre project

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Krug ◽  
Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz ◽  
Sarah Mitchell ◽  
Fernando Fernandez-Aranda ◽  
Andreas Karwautz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Psychosocial Risk Factor ◽  
Risk Factor Model

Sexual functioning and disordered eating: A new perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette S. Kluck ◽  
Sheila Garos ◽  
Lucas Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Sexual Functioning ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
University Women ◽  
Sexual Stimulation ◽  
Disordered Eating Behavior ◽  
New Perspective

Fears about sexual maturity and intimacy were among early explanations for the etiology of eating disorders and related concerns, and research with clinical samples revealed a relationship between eating disorders and atypical sexual experiences. In contrast, feminist scholars offer explanations for both eating disorders and sexual dysfunction that emphasize societal pressures. As an alternative approach to understanding these difficulties, the authors empirically explored the relationship between the cognitive and affective aspects of sexuality and disordered eating among a nonclinical sample of 167 university women. Participants completed the Eating Attitudes Test–Revised and the Garos Sexual Behavior Index–Research Version. Women who experienced greater psychic conflict about their sexual behavior, obsessiveness about sex, and discomfort with sexual stimulation also reported increased levels of disordered eating behavior. These results suggest a need to consider the potential disturbances in certain cognitive and affective aspects of sexual functioning when treating women with disordered eating.

scholarly journals Is the Pandemic a Risk Factor for Eating Disorders?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Dąbkowska-Mika
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Coping Style ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Fresh Food ◽  
Media Pressure

COVID-19 has already established direct or indirect effect on the lives of everyone. One of its many consequences is exacerbation of eating disorders´ (ED) triggers. Numerous risk factors for ED are enhanced during pandemic – anxiety, fear, depressed mood. Distance learning or working may result in loss of daily-life routine and feeling of being overwhelmed with duties. Due to forced isolation people are more exposed to social media pressure. Additionally, awareness of limitations of physical activity can develop fear of gaining the weight. These are typical symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa, a disease with the highest mortality rate among psychiatric disorders. Frustration, tedium and lack of external distractors can lead to inappropriate food-related coping style. Especially during the first wave of the pandemic, society was cautious about fresh food supplies and therefore many decided to stock up with processed, unhealthy food. Aggregation of stressors (e.g., worries about health, financial problems, loneliness) may promote binge eating.

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