Hybridization selects for prime‐numbered life cycles in
            Magicicada
            : An individual‐based simulation model of a structured periodical cicada population

We used an individual-based Monte Carlo simulation model to assess how aspects associated with multiple spawning (within a spawning season) affected survivorship, lifetime fecundity, cohort egg production, and yield-per-recruit of a highly exploited species. To make our model more realistic, we included and tested the effects of individual variability in growth and a seasonal growth pattern. Birth months influenced when fish first matured and became vulnerable to the fishery. There was a sixfold increase in mature fish at the beginning of their first spawning season associated with having been born early versus late the previous season. Early born fish had a lower average life-span than later born fish. Although early born fish had lower survivorship they produced the most eggs because of an early size at first maturity, low fishing mortality in the first year, and their larger size at age. These results suggest multiple spawning can have important implications for recruitment and adult population dynamics.

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Simulator for Reuse of Mechanical Parts with Network Agents

International Journal of Automation Technology ◽

10.20965/ijat.2009.p0077 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 77-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Hiroyuki Hiraoka ◽

◽

Atsushi Tanaka

Keyword(s):

Radio Frequency ◽

Simulation Model ◽

Radio Frequency Identification ◽

Life Cycles ◽

Sustainable Production ◽

User Preference ◽

Rfid Tags ◽

Mechanical Parts ◽

Frequency Identification

We propose promoting parts reuse using a part agent consisting of a network agent and radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags to manage parts life cycles, which leads to sustainable production. The part agent advises users on parts reuse and promoting reused parts circulation. We developed a simulator to simulate individual parts behavior in their life cycles. In simulation, a part agent makes decisions based on predicted part behavior and user preference in maintenance handling. A part simulation model represents the behavior of individual parts.

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Memory, not just perception, plays an important role in terrestrial mammalian migration

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2017.0449 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 284 (1855) ◽

pp. 20170449 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Chloe Bracis ◽

Thomas Mueller

Keyword(s):

Simulation Model ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Migration Routes ◽

Clear Signal ◽

Individual Based Simulation ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

With Memory ◽

Key Questions

One of the key questions regarding the underlying mechanisms of mammalian land migrations is how animals select where to go. Most studies assume perception of resources as the navigational mechanism. The possible role of memory that would allow forecasting conditions at distant locations and times based on information about environmental conditions from previous years has been little studied. We study migrating zebra in Botswana using an individual-based simulation model, where perceptually guided individuals use currently sensed resources at different perceptual ranges, while memory-guided individuals use long-term averages of past resources to forecast future conditions. We compare simulated individuals guided by perception or memory on resource landscapes of remotely sensed vegetation data to trajectories of GPS-tagged zebras. Our results show that memory provides a clear signal that best directs migrants to their destination compared to perception at even the largest perceptual ranges. Zebras modelled with memory arrived two to four times, or up to 100 km, closer to the migration destination than those using perception. We suggest that memory in addition to perception is important for directing ungulate migration. Furthermore, our findings are important for the conservation of migratory mammals, as memory informing direction suggests migration routes could be relatively inflexible.

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The periodical cicada four-year acceleration hypothesis revisited and the polyphyletic nature of Brood V, including an updated crowd-source enhanced map (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Magicicada)

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.5282 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e5282 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

John R. Cooley ◽

Nidia Arguedas ◽

Elias Bonaros ◽

Gerry Bunker ◽

Stephen M. Chiswell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

The United States ◽

Life Cycles ◽

Biogeographic Patterns ◽

Haplotype Variation ◽

Periodical Cicadas ◽

Different Origins ◽

Different Parts ◽

Periodical Cicada ◽

Mtdna Haplotype

The periodical cicadas of North America (Magicicada spp.) are well-known for their long life cycles of 13 and 17 years and their mass synchronized emergences. Although periodical cicada life cycles are relatively strict, the biogeographic patterns of periodical cicada broods, or year-classes, indicate that they must undergo some degree of life cycle switching. We present a new map of periodical cicada Brood V, which emerged in 2016, and demonstrate that it consists of at least four distinct parts that span an area in the United States stretching from Ohio to Long Island. We discuss mtDNA haplotype variation in this brood in relation to other periodical cicada broods, noting that different parts of this brood appear to have different origins. We use this information to refine a hypothesis for the formation of periodical cicada broods by 1- and 4-year life cycle jumps.

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