scholarly journals Visual perception of light organ patterns in deep‐sea shrimps and implications for conspecific recognition

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 9503-9513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorian E. Schweikert ◽  
Alexander L. Davis ◽  
Sönke Johnsen ◽  
Heather D. Bracken‐Grissom
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Light Organ ◽  
Conspecific Recognition

scholarly journals Genomic and Phylogenetic Characterization of Luminous Bacteria Symbiotic with the Deep-Sea Fish Chlorophthalmus albatrossis (Aulopiformes: Chlorophthalmidae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 930-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul V. Dunlap ◽  
Jennifer C. Ast
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Photobacterium Phosphoreum ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Genomic Profiling ◽  
Light Organ ◽  
Phylogenetic Characterization ◽  
Luminous Bacteria ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT Bacteria forming light-organ symbiosis with deep-sea chlorophthalmid fishes (Aulopiformes: Chlorophthalmidae) are considered to belong to the species Photobacterium phosphoreum. The identification of these bacteria as P. phosphoreum, however, was based exclusively on phenotypic traits, which may not discriminate between phenetically similar but evolutionarily distinct luminous bacteria. Therefore, to test the species identification of chlorophthalmid symbionts, we carried out a genomotypic (repetitive element palindromic PCR genomic profiling) and phylogenetic analysis on strains isolated from the perirectal light organ of Chlorophthalmus albatrossis. Sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of 10 strains from 5 fish specimens placed these bacteria in a cluster related to but phylogenetically distinct from the type strain of P. phosphoreum, ATCC 11040T, and the type strain of Photobacterium iliopiscarium, ATCC 51760T. Analysis of gyrB resolved the C. albatrossis strains as a strongly supported clade distinct from P. phosphoreum and P. iliopiscarium. Genomic profiling of 109 strains from the 5 C. albatrossis specimens revealed a high level of similarity among strains but allowed identification of genomotypically different types from each fish. Representatives of each type were then analyzed phylogenetically, using sequence of the luxABFE genes. As with gyrB, analysis of luxABFE resolved the C. albatrossis strains as a robustly supported clade distinct from P. phosphoreum. Furthermore, other strains of luminous bacteria reported as P. phosphoreum, i.e., NCIMB 844, from the skin of Merluccius capensis (Merlucciidae), NZ-11D, from the light organ of Nezumia aequalis (Macrouridae), and pjapo.1.1, from the light organ of Physiculus japonicus (Moridae), grouped phylogenetically by gyrB and luxABFE with the C. albatrossis strains, not with ATCC 11040T. These results demonstrate that luminous bacteria symbiotic with C. albatrossis, together with certain other strains of luminous bacteria, form a clade, designated the kishitanii clade, that is related to but evolutionarily distinct from P. phosphoreum. Members of the kishitanii clade may constitute the major or sole bioluminescent symbiont of several families of deep-sea luminous fishes.

scholarly journals Author Correction: Light organ photosensitivity in deep-sea shrimp may suggest a novel role in counterillumination

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather D. Bracken-Grissom ◽  
Danielle M. DeLeo ◽  
Megan L. Porter ◽  
Tom Iwanicki ◽  
Jamie Sickles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Light Organ

scholarly journals Light organ photosensitivity in deep-sea shrimp may suggest a novel role in counterillumination

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather D. Bracken-Grissom ◽  
Danielle M. DeLeo ◽  
Megan L. Porter ◽  
Tom Iwanicki ◽  
Jamie Sickles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Light Organ

‘Yellow lens’ eyes of a stomiatoid deep-sea fish, Malacosteus niger

1982 ◽  
Vol 215 (1201) ◽  
pp. 481-489 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Light Organ ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
Bright Yellow ◽  
Retinal Tapetum ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Sea Fish ◽  
Chemical Evidence

Bright yellow lenses were found in the eyes of the stomiatoid deep-sea fish, Malacosteus niger Ayres. The optical properties of the yellow lens and the retinal specializations in the eyes were examined. Absorption spectra of the yellow lens revealed two peaks at wavelengths 425 and 460 nm. The photoreceptors were all rods and were arranged in two superimposed layers. An astaxanthin-type retinal tapetum was observed in the pigment epithelium. Some chemical evidence is presented showing that the tapetal material is an astaxanthin ester. The ecological significance of the yellow lens is discussed in connection with that of Malacosteus ’ orbital light organ which has a reddish filter.

A New Type of Light Organ in the Deep-Sea Fish Opisthoproctus

Nature ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 181 (4612) ◽  
pp. 862-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. BERTELSEN
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Light Organ ◽  
New Type ◽  
Sea Fish

On the Development and Structure of the Escal Light Organ of Some Melanocetid Deep Sea Anglerfishes (Pisces: Ceratioidei)

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1321-1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Munk ◽  
Kjeld Hansen ◽  
Peter J. Herring
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Light Organ ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Uniform Thickness ◽  
Distal Surface ◽  
Tubular Gland ◽  
Glandular Cells

The escal light glands of some deep sea anglerfishes of the genusMelanocetuswere examined by light and electron microscopy. Sections of a larvalMelanocetussp. showed that the gland originates from a solid, branched ingrowth of epidermal cells from the distal surface of the bulb-shaped esca.The light gland of metamorphosed specimens ofM. murrayiandM. johnsoniwas found to be constructed in the same way as that of most other ceratioids, i.e. as a branched tubular gland enclosed by a cup-shaped reflector; the radial tubules of the gland open into a central escal cavity, from which a duct leads to an epithelium-lined space, the vestibule, lying above the gland. A duct from the vestibule opens on the upper-caudal surface of the esca.In the smaller of two specimens ofM. murrayi, the epithelium lining the escal cavity and the glandular tubules is of a uniform thickness and structure, consisting of flattened basal cells, cells extending to the lumen, and goblet cells. No bacteria were found anywhere within the esca. The reflector enclosing the gland contains only a few scattered crystals.In the larger specimen ofM. murrayithe distal (terminal) portions of the glandular tubules have tall epithelial cells, while their wide proximal parts and the central escal cavity are lined with a flattened epithelium; goblet cells are absent. Many glandular cells have processes projecting into the lumina. All glandular lumina and the central escal cavity contain numerous rod-shaped bacteria and apparently isolated anucleate cytoplasmic profiles. The reflector is thick and well-developed; each cell contains several staggered layers of crystals.

Intracellular Bacteria in the Light Organ of the Deep Sea Angler Fish, Melanocetus murrayi

Copeia ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 1968 (3) ◽  
pp. 506 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Hulet ◽  
George Musil
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Intracellular Bacteria ◽  
Light Organ

Tracing the evolution of bioluminescent light organs across the deep-sea shrimp family Sergestidae using a genomic skimming and phylogenetic approach

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Golightly ◽  
Danielle M. DeLeo ◽  
Nicole Perez ◽  
Tin-Yam Chan ◽  
José M. Landeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Light Organ ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Organ Type ◽  
A Genome ◽  
The Family

Deep-sea shrimp of the family Sergestidae Dana, 1852 provide a unique system for studying the evolution of bioluminescence. Most species within the family possess autogenic bioluminescent photophores in one of three distinct forms: lensed photophores; non-lensed photophores; or internal organs of Pesta. This morphological diversity across the Sergestidae has resulted in recent major taxonomic revisions, dividing the two major genera (Sergia Stimpson, 1860 and Sergestes Milne Edwards, 1830) into 15. The present study capitalises on molecular data to construct an updated genus-level phylogeny of sergestid shrimp. DNA was successfully extracted from ~87 individuals belonging to 13 of the 15 newly proposed genera. A ‘genome skimming’ approach was implemented, allowing the capture of mitochondrial genomic data across 19 sergestid species. Additional individuals have been incorporated into the phylogeny through Sanger sequencing of both nuclear (H3 and NAK) and mitochondrial (16S and COI) genes. The resulting molecular phylogeny is compared with previous morphological trees with specific attention to genus-level relationships. The -sergestes group was rendered non-monophyletic and the -sergia group was recovered as monophyletic. Ancestral state reconstructions of light organ type indicate that organs of Pesta is the ancestral state for the family. Non-lensed photophores evolved once across the -sergia group, but were later lost in the deepest living genus, Sergia. Lensed photophores also evolved once within the genera Prehensilosergia Vereshchaka, Olesen & Lunina, 2014, Lucensosergia Vereshchaka, Olesen & Lunina, 2014 and Challengerosergia Vereshchaka, Olesen & Lunina, 2014. These findings identify preliminary patterns across light organ type and species’ depth distributions; however, future research that incorporates finer-scale depth data and more species is needed to confirm our findings.

Development of visual perception and attention, assessed by backward masking and application in children with epilepsy

2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Macchi ◽  
Livia Nicoletta Rossi ◽  
Ivan Cortinovis ◽  
Lucia Menegazzo ◽  
Sandra Maria Burri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Backward Masking
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document