Eine neue Unterart des Bromus secalinus (Gramineae) - ein Sekundäres Unkraut

2008 ◽  
Vol 110 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 425-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Bomble ◽  
H. Scholz
Keyword(s):  
Bromus Secalinus

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)–Cheat (Bromus secalinus) Competition

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 751-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Pike ◽  
Jimmy F. Stritzke
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Bromus Secalinus ◽  
Three Stages

A study was conducted at two locations to evaluate the effects of cheat (Bromus secalinusL. ♯3BROSE) competition on four seeding rates (4.5, 9.0, 13.5, and 22 kg/ha) of alfalfa (Medicago sativaL. ‘Riley’). Three stages of first harvest (early bud, early bloom, and late bloom) were imposed on fall-planted alfalfa, with and without cheat overseeding, to determine the effects of harvest stage on alfalfa yield and quality. Cheat infestations significantly decreased alfalfa production and forage quality. Increasing the seeding rate of alfalfa only partially offset these losses. Harvesting early helped minimize the effect of cheat competition. First-harvest protein yield of forage was significantly decreased by, cheat overseeding. Total protein yield at first harvest was not affected by cutting stage but did increase with the two higher seeding rates of alfalfa.

Evaluation of Registered Herbicides for Cheat (Bromus secalinus) Control in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Koscelny ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Bromus Secalinus ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Early Fall

Seven field experiments were conducted in Oklahoma to compare efficacy and wheat response to currently registered cheat suppression or control herbicide treatments. Chlorsulfuron + metsulfuron premix (5:1 w/w) at 26 g ai/ha applied PRE controlled cheat 20 to 61%, increased wheat grain yields at two of seven locations, and decreased dockage due to cheat at five of seven locations. Chlorsulfuron + metsulfuron at 21 g/ha tank-mixed with metribuzin at 210 g/ha, applied early fall POST, controlled cheat 36 to 98% and increased wheat yield at four of seven locations. Metribuzin applied POST in the fall at 420 g/ha controlled cheat 56 to 98% and increased wheat yields at five of seven locations. Both POST treatments decreased dockage at all locations.

Seeding Date, Seeding Rate, and Row Spacing Affect Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Cheat (Bromus secalinus)

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Koscelny ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper ◽  
John B. Solie ◽  
Stanley G. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Infestation Level ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Bromus Secalinus ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

Field experiments were conducted in Oklahoma to determine the effects of winter wheat seeding date and cheat infestation level on cultural cheat control obtained by increasing winter wheat seeding rates and decreasing row spacing. Seeding rate and row spacing interactions influenced cheat density, biomass, or seed in harvested wheat (dockage) at two of three locations. Suppressive effects on cheat of increasing wheat seeding rates and reduced row spacings were greater in wheat seeded in September than later. At two other locations, increasing seeding rate from 67 to 101 kg ha–1or reducing row spacings from 22.5 to 15 cm increased winter wheat yield over a range of cheat infestation levels.

Economic Returns from Cheat (Bromus secalinus) Control in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Ferreira ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper ◽  
Francis M. Epplin
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Bromus Secalinus

Field experiments were conducted to determine the influence of winter wheat seeding date and forage removal on the efficacy of cheat control herbicides, forage and grain yields, and net returns to land, overhead, risk, and management for the various cheat control strategies. Economic analysis showed that net returns were higher when wheat was seeded during the traditional seeding period (October) than when either seeded early (September) for increased forage production or delayed (November) for cultural cheat control. Some herbicides were economically beneficial at two of three locations where the initial cheat population exceeded 170 plants/m2.

Modeling Diclofop Activity on ThreeBromusSpecies

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-252
Author(s):  
Phillip W. Stahlman
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Bromus Tectorum ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Order Equation ◽  
Propanoic Acid ◽  
Downy Brome ◽  
First Order ◽  
Bromus Secalinus ◽  
Cubic Polynomial ◽  
Over Time

The methyl ester of diclofop {2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy] propanoic acid} mixed with soil at 1, 2, and 3 ppmw reduced the growth ofBromusspecies in the greenhouse as follows: downy brome (Bromus tectorumL. ♯ BROTE) more than Japanese brome (Bromus japonicusThunb. ex Murr. ♯ BROJA) more than cheat (Bromus secalinusL. ♯ BROSE). The decrease in herbicide effect (decay) over time was described better using a second-order equation than a first-order equation. Plant response-herbicide dose relationships were described best with a cubic polynomial equation.

Rotational Cropping Systems to Reduce Cheat (Bromus secalinus) Densities

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon C. Stone ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper ◽  
Amanda E. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Bromus Secalinus

In the Southern Great Plains, producers of hard red winter wheat seek sustainable methods for controlling cheat and improving economic returns. Experiments were conducted at two sites in north-central Oklahoma to determine the effect of cheat management programs, with various weed control strategies, on cheat densities and total net returns. The cheat management programs, initiated following harvest of winter wheat, included conventionally tilled, double-crop grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolorL.) followed by soybean (Glycine maxL.); and continuous winter wheat. Rotating out of winter wheat for one growing season increased yield of succedent wheat up to 32% and 42% at Billings and Ponca City, respectively. Dockage due to cheat in the succedent wheat was reduced up to 78% and 87% by rotating out of winter wheat for one growing season at Billings and Ponca City, respectively. Cheat management programs including a crop rotation with herbicides applied to the grain sorghum, except for an application of atrazine + metolachlor at Ponca City, improved total net returns over the nontreated continuous wheat option. Cheat panicles in the succedent wheat were reduced up to 87% by rotation out of winter wheat for one growing season.

scholarly journals On the histology of Uredo dispersa , Erikss., and the 'mycoplasm’ hypothesis

1903 ◽  
Vol 71 (467-476) ◽  
pp. 353-354
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Bromus Secalinus ◽  
Staining Methods

The paper deals with a detailed study of the histological features of the germination, infection, and growth of the mycelium of the Uredo in the tissue of grasses. Primarily, the figures refer especially to the Uredo of Puccinia dispersa in the tissues of Bromus secalinus , but comparisons are made with the behaviour of this and other Uredineæ— e. g ., Puccinia glumarum and P. gramins —in the tissues of other grasses and cereals. The research, which has been carried on over a year and a half and has involved the preparation and microscopic examination of thousands of sections, is principally based on the application of improved hardening and staining methods to preparations from tube cultures of the grasses concerned, the leaves of which were infected at definite spots.

EFFECT OF HAMMER MILL AND ROLLER MILL VARIABLES ON CHEAT (BROMUS SECALINUS L.) SEED GERMINATION

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hauhouot-O’Hara ◽  
J. B. Solie ◽  
R. W. Whitney ◽  
T. F. Peeper ◽  
G. H. Brusewitz
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Hammer Mill ◽  
Roller Mill ◽  
Bromus Secalinus

scholarly journals Bromus secalinus L. w agrocenozach Podlaskiego Przełomu Bugu

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
ZOFIA RZYMOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Bromus Secalinus

W pracy przedstawiono charakterystykę zbiorowisk z udziałem Bromus secalinus wykształcających się w uprawach zbóż na obszarze Podlaskiego Przełomu Bugu. Badania prowadzono w latach 2004–2009. Gatunek ten na badanym terenie występuje w płatach różnych podzespołów Vicietum tetraspermae i w fitocenozach Consolido-Brometum. Bromus secalinus spotykano również w zbiorowiskach zubożałych z gatunkami charakterystycznymi Aperion spicae-venti oraz przejściowym pomiędzy Aperion spicae-venti i Polygono-Chenopodion, wykształcającym się głównie w zbożach jarych. Bromus secalinus jest gatunkiem częstym w zbiorowiskach zbożowych Podlaskiego Przełomu Bugu. Wykazuje nawet pewne tendencje dynamiczne. Wskazuje na to m.in. występowanie analizowanego gatunku w różnych zbiorowiskach o szerokim spektrum siedliskowym, od siedlisk węglanowych do dość kwaśnych. Występowanie Bromus secalinus w zbiorowiskach fragmentarycznie wykształconych świadczy o małej wrażliwości na zachodzące przeobrażenia w rolnictwie i utrwalonej pozycji tego gatunku w zbiorowiskach zbożowych badanego terenu.  

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