scholarly journals Space, time, and episodic memory: The hippocampus is all over the cognitive map

Hippocampus ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 680-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne D. Ekstrom ◽  
Charan Ranganath
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Cognitive Map

scholarly journals Space, Time and Episodic Memory: the Hippocampus is all over the Cognitive Map

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne D. Ekstrom ◽  
Charan Ranganath
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Spatial Processing ◽  
Hippocampal Function ◽  
The Core ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Core Function ◽  
Break Up

AbstractIn recent years, the field has reached an impasse between models suggesting that the hippocampus is fundamentally involved in spatial processing and models suggesting that the hippocampus automatically encodes all dimensions of experience in the service of memory. Here, we consider key conceptual issues that have impeded progress in our understanding of hippocampal function, and we review findings that establish the scope and limits of hippocampal involvement in navigation and memory. We argue that space and time serve as a primary scaffold to break up experiences into specific contexts, and to organize multimodal input that is to be associated within a context. However, the hippocampus is clearly capable of incorporating additional dimensions into the scaffold if they are determined to be relevant in the event-defined context. Conceiving of the hippocampal representation as constrained by immediate task demands—yet preferring axes that involve space and time—helps to reconcile an otherwise disparate set of findings on the core function of the hippocampus.

Beyond the Cognitive Map: From Place Cells to Episodic Memory. A. David Redish

2000 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-492
Author(s):  
Tom V. Smulders ◽  
Robert E. Hampson
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Place Cells ◽  
Cognitive Map

scholarly journals The development of spatiotemporal organization of episodic memory in children and its disruption in Williams Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilina Mastrogiuseppe ◽  
Natasha Bertelsen ◽  
Maria Francesca Bedeschi ◽  
Sang Ah Lee
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Hippocampal Function ◽  
Spatiotemporal Organization ◽  
Location Memory ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Episodic Memories

AbstractRecent theories of episodic memory propose that the hippocampus provides the spatiotemporal framework for episodic memories. If this is true, does the development of episodic memory depend on the binding of space and time? And does this rely, at least partly, on normal hippocampal function? We investigated the development of episodic memory in children 2–8 years of age (Study 1) and its impairment in Williams Syndrome (Study 2) by implementing a nonverbal object-placement task that dissociates the what, where, and when components of episodic memory. Our results indicate that the binding of space and time in memory emerges first in development around the age of 3 and is impaired in Williams Syndrome. Space-time binding both preceded and predicted success in full episodic memory (what+where+when), and associating objects to spatial location seemed to mediate this developmental process. Importantly, these effects were not explained by improvements in object or location memory.

scholarly journals The spatiotemporal organization of episodic memory and its disruption in a neurodevelopmental disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilina Mastrogiuseppe ◽  
Natasha Bertelsen ◽  
Maria Francesca Bedeschi ◽  
Sang Ah Lee
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Temporal Information ◽  
Hippocampal Function ◽  
Spatiotemporal Organization ◽  
Visuospatial Deficits ◽  
Spatial Locations

AbstractRecent theories of episodic memory (EM) posit that the hippocampus provides a spatiotemporal framework necessary for representing events. If such theories hold true, then does the development of EM in children depend on the ability to first bind spatial and temporal information? And does this ability rely, at least in part, on normal hippocampal function? We investigated the development of EM in children 2–8 years of age (Study 1) and its impairment in Williams Syndrome, a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by visuospatial deficits and irregular hippocampal function, (Study 2) by implementing a nonverbal object-placement task that dissociates the what, where, and when components of EM. Consistent with the spatiotemporal-framework view of hippocampal EM, our results indicate that the binding of where and when in memory emerges earliest in development, around the age of 3, and is specifically impaired in WS. Space-time binding both preceded and was critical to full EM (what + where + when), and the successful association of objects to spatial locations seemed to mediate this developmental process.

scholarly journals Episodic, Semantic, Pavlovian, and Procedural Cognitive Maps

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
José J. F. Ribas Fernandes ◽  
Clay B. Holroyd
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Theoretical Construct ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Computational Properties

AbstractCurrent theories of planning associate the hippocampus with a cognitive map, a theoretical construct used to predict the consequences of actions. This formulation is problematic for two reasons: First, cognitive maps are traditionally conceptualized to generalize over individual episodes, which conflicts with evidence associating the hippocampus with episodic memory, and second, it fails to explain seemingly non-hippocampal forms of planning. Here we propose a novel theoretical framework that resolves these issues: each long-term memory system is a cognitive map, predicting consequences of actions based on its unique computational properties. It follows that hippocampal maps are episode-based and that semantic, procedural, and Pavlovian memories each implement a specialized map. We present evidence for each type of map from neuropsychology, neuroimaging and animal electrophysiology studies.

scholarly journals An improved bioinspired cognitive map-building system based on episodic memory recognition

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 172988142093094
Author(s):  
Yu Naigong ◽  
Wang Lin ◽  
Jiang Xiaojun ◽  
Yuan Yunhe
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Feature Descriptor ◽  
Map Building ◽  
Cell Competition ◽  
Topological Map ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Memory Recognition

Before the cognitive map is generated through the fire of the rodent hippocampal spatial cells, mammals can obtain the outside knowledge through the visual information, which comes from the eyeball to the brain. The information is encoded and transferred to the two regions of the brain based on the fact of biophysiological research, which are known as “what” loop and “where” loop. In this article, we simulate an episodic memory recognition unit consisting of the integration of two-loop information, which is applied to building the accurate bioinspired spatial cognitive map of real environments. We employ the visual bag of word algorithm based on oriented Feature from Accelerated Segment Test and rotated Binary Robust Independent Elementary Features feature to build the “what” loop and the hippocampal spatial cells cognitive model, which comes from the front-end visual information input system to build the “where” loop. At the same time, the environmental cognitive map is a topological map containing information about place cell competition firing rate, oriented Feature from Accelerated Segment Test and rotated Binary Robust Independent Elementary Features feature descriptor, similarity of image retrieval, and relative location of cognitive map nodes. The simulation experiments and physical experiments in a mobile robot platform have been done to verify the environmental adaptability and robustness of the algorithm. This proposing algorithm would provide a foundation for further research on bioinspired navigation of robots.

Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Van Bergen ◽  
John Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Memory Development ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

Let's call a memory a memory, but what kind?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazim Keven
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Animal Cognition ◽  
The World

Abstract Hoerl & McCormack argue that animals cannot represent past situations and subsume animals’ memory-like representations within a model of the world. I suggest calling these memory-like representations as what they are without beating around the bush. I refer to them as event memories and explain how they are different from episodic memory and how they can guide action in animal cognition.

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