Derivation of site‐specific guideline values for nitrate toxicity in Pilbara receiving waters with high hardness

It is proposed that in the future only site-specific and problem-related measures should be applied to solve the combined sewer overflow problem. Based on experience in Switzerland a procedure is developed to plan technically and ecologically optimised measures to protect urban receiving waters during wet weather. This procedure is based on results of a field study (the Fehraltorf/Switzerland case) carried out by a multidisciplinary research team. The most important stages of the procedure can be described bythe definition of site-specific ecological objectives,the determination of a few key variables that have significant influence on the ecological state of the receiving water and that can be modified with some of the site-specific measures below,measurement, observation, and calculation of these variables,choice of site-specific measures against wet weather pollution problems (in catchment, sewer system, and receiving water), andrecommendation of measures and their priorities, based on predicted cost and effectiveness with respect to the variables above. The results of the case study demonstrate the necessity of the multidisciplinary approach that treats the urban catchment, the urban drainage system, and the receiving water as one single system. Since urbanised areas continue to grow and since the reconstruction of old depreciated sewer systems is a major technical and economical challenge, the proposed modification of the planning concept may lead towards improved drainage systems, requiring appropriate investment, and causing less serious damage to the environment.

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Infiltration in Sewer Systems: Multi-Criteria Comparison of Investment / Rehabilitation Strategies

Water Practice & Technology ◽

10.2166/wpt.2007.027 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

J.-L. Bertrand-Krajewski ◽

S. Barraud ◽

P. Le Gauffre ◽

E. Baer

Keyword(s):

Investment Strategy ◽

Final Decision ◽

Specific Information ◽

Sewer System ◽

Site Specific ◽

Infiltration Rates ◽

Sewer Systems ◽

Receiving Waters ◽

Rehabilitation Strategies

Within the FP5 European APUSS project (Assessing infiltration and exfiltration on the Performance of Urban Sewer Systems), a methodology has been proposed to account for environmental, technical and economic impacts of infiltration or exfiltration on sewer systems, treatment plants and receiving waters, and to evaluate the consequences of possible investment / rehabilitation strategies. The multi-criteria method Electre III is used to compare and to rank the various strategies, as this method has a high potential adaptability to diverse contexts and objectives. An example of application of the proposed methodology is given for a 245 ha residential catchment equipped with a combined sewer system, including scenarios with different infiltration rates. It shows that the methodology is applicable, but also that validated and site specific information (data, measurements, calibrated models, etc.) is necessary in order to carry out a valuable analysis. Results shall be reviewed carefully and the final decision making process should take into account the context of the study. There is no unique best investment strategy, but several options may be considered depending on priorities and criteria of the sewer operator. The methodology is general, but results of the case study are site specific and cannot be extrapolated.

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Right hemisphere infarct patients and healthy controls: Evaluation of starting points in cancellation tasks

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617710000792 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 902-909 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

LAURA NURMI ◽

JANI KETTUNEN ◽

MARI LAIHOSALO ◽

EIJA-INKERI RUUSKANEN ◽

ANNA-MAIJA KOIVISTO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthy Subjects ◽

Right Hemisphere ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Specific Guideline ◽

Guideline Value ◽

Guideline Values ◽

Conventional Tests ◽

The Right

AbstractPatients with visual neglect (VN) tend to start cancellation tasks from the right. This exceptional initial rightward bias is also seen in some right hemisphere (RH) stroke patients who do not meet the criteria of VN in conventional tests. The present study compared RH infarct patients’ (examined on average 4 days post-stroke) and healthy controls’ starting points (SPs) in three cancellation tasks of the Behavioural Inattention Test (BIT). Furthermore, task-specific guideline values were defined for a normal SP to differentiate the performance of healthy subjects from that of patients with subclinical inattention. Conventional tests indicated that 15 of the 70 RH infarct patients had VN. The control group comprised 44 healthy volunteers. In each task, the VN group started the cancellations mainly from the right. The non-neglect and healthy groups initiated most cancellations from the left, more so in the healthy group. Starting more than one BIT task outside the guideline value indicated pathological inattention, as this was typical among the VN patients, but exceptional among the healthy subjects. One-third of the non-neglect patients showed pathological inattention by starting more than one task outside the guideline value. Clinical assessment of VN should, therefore, include an evaluation of the SPs to detect this subtle form of neglect. (JINS, 2010, 16, 902–909.)

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Direct Toxicity Assessment of Volatile Chlorinated Hydrocarbon–Contaminated Groundwater and Derivation of a Site-Specific Guideline

Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management ◽

10.1897/ieam_2008-070.1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 338 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

James Hunt ◽

Gavin Birch ◽

Michael St John Warne ◽

Rick Krassoi

Keyword(s):

Toxicity Assessment ◽

Contaminated Groundwater ◽

Site Specific ◽

Chlorinated Hydrocarbon ◽

Specific Guideline ◽

A Site ◽

Direct Toxicity ◽

Direct Toxicity Assessment

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Large-cluster and combined fluorescent and gold immunoprobes

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100166920 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 892-893

Author(s):

Richard D. Powell ◽

James F. Hainfeld ◽

Carol M. R. Halsey ◽

David L. Spector ◽

Shelley Kaurin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metal Cluster ◽

Sulfonyl Chloride ◽

Gel Filtration ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Site Specific ◽

Fab Fragments ◽

Cluster Label ◽

Covalently Linked ◽

Texas Red ◽

Fold Excess

Two new types of covalently linked, site-specific immunoprobes have been prepared using metal cluster labels, and used to stain components of cells. Combined fluorescein and 1.4 nm “Nanogold” labels were prepared by using the fluorescein-conjugated tris (aryl) phosphine ligand and the amino-substituted ligand in the synthesis of the Nanogold cluster. This cluster label was activated by reaction with a 60-fold excess of (sulfo-Succinimidyl-4-N-maleiniido-cyclohexane-l-carboxylate (sulfo-SMCC) at pH 7.5, separated from excess cross-linking reagent by gel filtration, and mixed in ten-fold excess with Goat Fab’ fragments against mouse IgG (obtained by reduction of F(ab’)2 fragments with 50 mM mercaptoethylamine hydrochloride). Labeled Fab’ fragments were isolated by gel filtration HPLC (Superose-12, Pharmacia). A combined Nanogold and Texas Red label was also prepared, using a Nanogold cluster derivatized with both and its protected analog: the cluster was reacted with an eight-fold excess of Texas Red sulfonyl chloride at pH 9.0, separated from excess Texas Red by gel filtration, then deprotected with HC1 in methanol to yield the amino-substituted label.

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The challenge of detecting modifications on proteins

Essays in Biochemistry ◽

10.1042/ebc20190055 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 135-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lauren Elizabeth Smith ◽

Adelina Rogowska-Wrzesinska

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Protein Function ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Lysine Acetylation ◽

Mass Determination ◽

Post Translational Modifications ◽

Site Specific ◽

The Common

Abstract Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are integral to the regulation of protein function, characterising their role in this process is vital to understanding how cells work in both healthy and diseased states. Mass spectrometry (MS) facilitates the mass determination and sequencing of peptides, and thereby also the detection of site-specific PTMs. However, numerous challenges in this field continue to persist. The diverse chemical properties, low abundance, labile nature and instability of many PTMs, in combination with the more practical issues of compatibility with MS and bioinformatics challenges, contribute to the arduous nature of their analysis. In this review, we present an overview of the established MS-based approaches for analysing PTMs and the common complications associated with their investigation, including examples of specific challenges focusing on phosphorylation, lysine acetylation and redox modifications.

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Use of the AMA Guides in State Workers' Compensation Systems: 2009 Update

Guides Newsletter ◽

10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2009.marapr02 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 13-16

Author(s):

Christopher R. Brigham ◽

Jenny Walker

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

North Carolina ◽

South Carolina ◽

South Dakota ◽

Rhode Island ◽

Workers Compensation ◽

Fourth Edition ◽

Sixth Edition ◽

Specific Guideline ◽

Compensation Systems

Abstract The AMAGuides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) is the most widely used basis for determining impairment and is used in state workers’ compensation systems, federal systems, automobile casualty, and personal injury, as well as by the majority of state workers’ compensation jurisdictions. Two tables summarize the edition of the AMA Guides used and provide information by state. The fifth edition (2000) is the most commonly used edition: California, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Kentucky, New Hampshire, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Vermont, and Washington. Eleven states use the sixth edition (2007): Alaska, Arizona, Louisiana, Mississippi, Montana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, and Wyoming. Eight states still commonly make use of the fourth edition (1993): Alabama, Arkansas, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, South Dakota, Texas, and West Virginia. Two states use the Third Edition, Revised (1990): Colorado and Oregon. Connecticut does not stipulate which edition of the AMA Guides to use. Six states use their own state specific guidelines (Florida, Illinois, Minnesota, New York, North Carolina, and Wisconsin), and six states do not specify a specific guideline (Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, South Carolina, and Virginia). Statutes may or may not specify which edition of the AMA Guides to use. Some states use their own guidelines for specific problems and use the Guides for other issues.

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