The gene expression of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs): MEG3 and H19 in adipose tissues from obese women and its association with insulin resistance and obesity indices

Abstract Background Apelin, as an adipokine, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to determine whether the quality and quantity of dietary carbohydrates were associated with apelin gene expression in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 102 adults who underwent minor abdominal surgery were selected. Approximately 100 mg of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues were collected during the surgery to measure apelin gene expression. Anthropometric measurment, blood samples, and dietary intakes were collected before surgery. The dietary carbohydrate intake, glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) were determined. Results The average apelin concentration was 269.6 ± 98.5(pg/mL), and 16.3% of participants were insulin resistant. There was a correlation between insulin (p-value = 0.043), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)(p-value = 0.045) and apelin gene expression in visceral adipose tissue. There was a positive association of apelin gene expression with dietary GI and GL after adjustment for age, sex, and waist circumference in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues(p < 0.05). Apelin gene expression in visceral(p = 0.002) and subcutaneous(p = 0.003) adipose tissues was directly associated with foods with a higher GI. There was no association between total carbohydrate intake and apelin gene expression in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues. Conclusions Dietary GI and GL, not total carbohydrate intake, were positively associated with apelin gene expression in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues. Future studies are warranted to illustrate the chronic and acute effect of carbohydrate quality on apelin homeostasis.

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Regulations of berberine on gene expression of BMP4 transcriptional pathways to improve visceral white adipose tissues insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic hamsters

China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica ◽

10.4268/cjcmm20160326 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

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Plasma Fatty Acid Composition Was Associated with Apelin Gene Expression in Human Adipose Tissues

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/8846483 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Emad Yuzbashian ◽

Golaleh Asghari ◽

Nilofar Beheshti ◽

Mehdi Hedayati ◽

Maryam Zarkesh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Plasma Concentration ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Positive Association ◽

Plasma Fatty Acid ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Plasma Fatty Acid Composition

Background. Apelin is an adipokine with an intermediatory role in obesity and insulin resistance, which can be modified by dietary intake. Aims. In this study, we aimed to determine the association of the plasma fatty acid composition with apelin plasma concentration and gene expression in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissues. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 179 patients aged 19-75 years who were candidates for elective surgery. Through the surgery, SAT and VAT were collected to measure apelin gene expression. Anthropometric measurements, fasting blood samples, and dietary intakes were collected before surgery. Free fatty acids (FFAs) in fasting whole plasma were measured using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Linear regression models were used to estimate standardized β (STZ β ) showing the association of individual and total FFAs with apelin gene expression after adjustment for potential confounding variables. Results. In multivariable analysis, we observed a significant positive association of total plasma free fatty acids (FFAs) (STZ β = 0.241 , P = 0.006 ), saturated fatty acid (SFA) (STZ β = 0.336 , P < 0.001 ), and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) (STZ β = 0.313 , P < 0.001 ) concentrations with apelin gene expression from VAT after controlling for age, sex, body mass index, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), physical activity, and energy intake. In the SFA family, there was a direct association with plasma concentration of myristic acid (STZ β = 0.372 , P < 0.001 ), pentadecanoic acid ( STZ β = 0.252 , P = 0.002 ), and heptadecanoic acid (STZ β = 0.407 , P < 0.001 ) with apelin mRNA expression in VAT. There was no significant association between FFAs and apelin plasma concentration and SAT mRNA levels. Conclusions. In conclusion, circulating plasma FFAs, SFA, and MUFA had a positive association with apelin gene expression in VAT. It seems that plasma fatty acid composition may regulate apelin gene expression in VAT.

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Visfatin and RBP4 gene expression levels in different adipose tissues and insulin resistance

BMC Proceedings ◽

10.1186/1753-6561-6-s3-p17 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (S3) ◽

Author(s):

Zeynep Goktas ◽

Shu Wang

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Gene Expression Levels ◽

Rbp4 Gene

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Enhanced ANGPTL2 expression in adipose tissues and its association with insulin resistance in obese women

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-018-32419-w ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jimin Kim ◽

Seul Ki Lee ◽

Yeon Jin Jang ◽

Hye Soon Park ◽

Jong-Hyeok Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Obese Women ◽

Adipose Tissues

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Adipocyte-specific reduction of phosphodiesterase 3B gene expression and its restoration by JTT-501 in the obese, diabetic KKAy mouse

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.0.1450093 ◽

2001 ◽

pp. 93-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Y Tang ◽

H Osawa ◽

H Onuma ◽

M Hasegawa ◽

T Nishimiya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Serum Insulin ◽

Rnase Protection Assay ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Ppar Gamma ◽

Rnase Protection ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Kkay Mice ◽

Membrane Bound

OBJECTIVE: Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3B is a key enzyme involved in the anti-lipolytic action of insulin in adipocytes. PDE3B activation results in a reduced output of free fatty acids (FFA), whereas elevated serum FFA is known to cause insulin resistance. We have recently reported that reduced PDE3B gene expression is restored by treatment with pioglitazone, in the adipose tissues of obese, insulin-resistant diabetic KKAy mice. To determine whether the altered PDE3B gene expression is specific for adipocytes, the expression of this gene in liver and epididymal fat tissues of KKAy mice was examined. The effect of JTT-501, another peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma ligand, which is different from thiazolidinedione, was also examined. METHODS: PDE3B mRNA and protein were quantified by an RNase protection assay and Western blotting respectively. Membrane-bound PDE activities were also measured. RESULTS: In adipose tissues of KKAy mice, PDE3B mRNA, protein and membrane-bound PDE activity were reduced to 47%, 57% and 51% respectively relative to those in C57BL/6J control mice. JTT-501 increased PDE3B mRNA, protein and membrane-bound PDE activity by 2.2-, 1.6- and 1.7-fold respectively over those of untreated KKAy mice. In the liver, PDE3B gene expression remained unchanged in KKAy mice, and was not affected by JTT-501. JTT-501 reduced the elevated levels of serum insulin, glucose, FFA and triglyceride in KKAy mice. CONCLUSIONS: PDE3B gene expression was specifically reduced in the adipose tissues of KKAy mice. JTT-501 restored this reduced gene expression with an accompanying improvement in elevated serum FFA and insulin resistance.

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NOD1 expression is increased in the adipose tissue of women with gestational diabetes

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1530/joe-14-0179 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 222 (1) ◽

pp. 99-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Martha Lappas

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Diaminopimelic Acid ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Prostaglandin Production ◽

Insulin Signalling Pathway ◽

Wide Range ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

Maternal peripheral insulin resistance and increased inflammation are two features of pregnancies, complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain (NOD) intracellular molecules recognise a wide range of microbial products, as well as other intracellular danger signals, thereby initiating inflammation through activation of nuclear factor κB (NFκB). The aim of this study was to determine whether levels of NOD1 and NOD2 are increased in adipose tissue of women with GDM. The effect of NOD1 and NOD2 activation on inflammation and the insulin signalling pathway was also assessed. NOD1, but not NOD2, expression was higher in omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues obtained from women with GDM when compared with those from women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). In both omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues from NGT and GDM women, the NOD1 ligand g-d-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid (iE-DAP) significantly induced the expression and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL6) and chemokine IL8;COX2(PTGS2) gene expression and subsequent prostaglandin production; the expression and secretion of the extracellular matrix remodelling enzyme matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and the gene expression and secretion of the adhesion moleculesICAM1andVCAM1. There was no effect of the NOD2 ligand muramyl dipeptide on any of the endpoints tested. The effects of the NOD1 ligand iE-DAP were mediated via NFκB, as the NFκB inhibitor BAY 11-7082 significantly attenuated iE-DAP-induced expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines,COX2gene expression and subsequent prostaglandin production,MMP9expression and secretion andICAM1andVCAM1gene expression and secretion. In conclusion, the present findings describe an important role for NOD1 in the development of insulin resistance and inflammation in pregnancies complicated by GDM.

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Depot Dependent Effects of Dexamethasone on Gene Expression in Human Omental and Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues from Obese Women

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0167337 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. e0167337 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

R. Taylor Pickering ◽

Mi-Jeong Lee ◽

Kalypso Karastergiou ◽

Adam Gower ◽

Susan K. Fried

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Obese Women ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

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Gene expression of PPARγ and PGC-1α in human omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues is related to insulin resistance markers and mediates beneficial effects of physical training

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-09-0767 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 162 (3) ◽

pp. 515-523 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Karen Ruschke ◽

Lauren Fishbein ◽

Arne Dietrich ◽

Nora Klöting ◽

Anke Tönjes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Physical Training ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Fat Depots

ObjectiveObesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are reaching epidemic proportions in Western societies, and they contribute to substantial morbidity and mortality. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) system plays an important role in the regulation of efficient energy utilization and oxidative phosphorylation, both of which are decreased in obesity and insulin resistance.Design and methodsWe measured the metabolic parameters and the expression of PPARγ and PGC-1α mRNA using quantitative real-time PCR in omental and subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissues in an observational study of 153 individuals as well as in SC fat and skeletal muscle in an interventional study of 60 subjects (20 each with normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance, and T2D) before and after intensive physical training for 4 weeks.ResultsPPARγ and PGC-1α mRNA expression in both fat depots as well as in skeletal muscle is associated with markers of insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk. PGC-1α mRNA expression is significantly higher in SC fat than in omental fat, whereas PPARγ mRNA expression is not significantly different between these fat depots. Skeletal muscle and SC fat PPARγ and PGC-1α mRNA expression increased significantly in response to physical training.ConclusionsGene expression of PPARγ and PGC-1α in human adipose tissue is related to markers of insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk. Increased muscle and adipose tissue PPARγ and PGC-1α expression in response to physical training may mediate the beneficial effects of exercise on insulin sensitivity.

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