scholarly journals Mechanisms underlying maternal care in a viviparous snake,Sistrurus miliarius: Does maternal body condition, corticosterone, or arginine vasotocin mediate post-birth maternal investment?

2017 ◽  
Vol 327 (7) ◽  
pp. 458-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig M. Lind ◽  
Fatima Ramis ◽  
Donna-Jael G. Paredes ◽  
Ignacio T. Moore ◽  
Ben J. Vernasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Maternal Investment ◽  
Arginine Vasotocin ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
Sistrurus Miliarius

scholarly journals Bigger mothers are better mothers: disentangling size-related prenatal and postnatal maternal effects

2013 ◽  
Vol 280 (1766) ◽  
pp. 20131225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Steiger
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Offspring Size ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Burying Beetle ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
Maternal Size

Despite a vast literature on the factors controlling adult size, few studies have investigated how maternal size affects offspring size independent of direct genetic effects, thereby separating prenatal from postnatal influences. I used a novel experimental design that combined a cross-fostering approach with phenotypic manipulation of maternal body size that allowed me to disentangle prenatal and postnatal maternal effects. Using the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides as model organism, I found that a mother's body size affected egg size as well as the quality of postnatal maternal care, with larger mothers producing larger eggs and raising larger offspring than smaller females. However, with respect to the relative importance of prenatal and postnatal maternal effects on offspring growth, only the postnatal effects were important in determining offspring body size. Thus, prenatal effects can be offset by the quality of postnatal maternal care. This finding has implications for the coevolution of prenatal and postnatal maternal effects as they arise as a consequence of maternal body size. In general, my study provides evidence that there can be transgenerational phenotypic plasticity, with maternal size determining offspring size leading to a resemblance between mothers and their offspring above and beyond any direct genetic effects.

scholarly journals Peri-Conceptional undernutrition in twin bearing ewes: Effect on early fetal growth and birth weight

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Ricardo Vicente-Pérez ◽  
Yolanda Osorio-Marín ◽  
María De los Angeles López-Baca ◽  
Leonel Avendaño-Reyes ◽  
Abelardo Correa-Calderón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Nutritional Restriction ◽  
Mating Time

A total of 48 Katahdin x Pelibuey multiparous ewes were used to evaluate the e ect of nutritional restriction (40 %) before (30 d, RT), after (50 d, TR) or both periods (80 d, RR) compared with a control group on maternal body status, early fetal growth and lamb birth weights. Only twin bearing ewes were selected at d 50 of pregnancy for fetal measurements by ultrasonography and record of birth weight. Compared with control ewes, lower (p < 0.05) weight and body condition score had RT and RR ewes at mating time, likewise, TR and RR ewes at d 50 post-conception. There were mainly di erences between fetuses from control and RT ewes, being higher (p < 0.05) the vesicular, abdominal and fetal area, as well as crown-rump length and birth weight for RT fetuses. In conclusion, preconception undernutrition positively altered the early fetal growth and lamb birth weights in hair ewes pregnant with twins. 

Maternal investment in a spider with suicidal maternal care,Stegodyphus lineatus(Araneae, Eresidae)

Oikos ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 614-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mor Salomon ◽  
Jutta Schneider ◽  
Yael Lubin
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Care ◽  
Maternal Investment

scholarly journals Effect of maternal body condition on placental and fetal growth and the insulin-like growth factor axis in Dorset ewes

Reproduction ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 717-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Osgerby ◽  
TS Gadd ◽  
DC Wathes
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Moderate Condition ◽  
Igfbp 3

This study investigated the effects of maternal body condition on fetal growth. Fetal and placental parameters from Dorset ewes of body condition score 2.0 (lean, n = 5), 3.5 (moderate, n = 7) and 5.0 (fat, n = 4) at mating were studied on day 65 of gestation. The fetal weight and fetal weight:crown-rump length ratio were greater in fat ewes than in ewes of moderate condition. The raised total and mean placentome weight in fat ewes compared with ewes of moderate condition may have contributed to their increased fetal growth. However, the fetal crown-rump length was not affected. With in situ hybridization, insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) mRNA and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2), -3 and -6 were all detected in the placentome capsule; IGF-II mRNA was also found in the mesoderm of the fetal villi and IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-6 were present in the caruncular stroma of the maternal villi. Ewes of moderate condition, which had the smallest placentae, had the greatest placental expression of IGF-II, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3. In the intercotyledonary endometrium, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-5 and uterine milk protein (UTMP) mRNA were all expressed in the glandular epithelium. IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5 absorbance values were lowest in the lean ewes, whereas UTMP values were highest. Maternal insulin concentrations were greater in fat ewes, whereas plasma glucose and IGF-I concentrations in the fetal compartment were lowest in fat ewes. Therefore, in obese ewes, fetal and placental growth is increased in mid-gestation in association with higher maternal insulin concentrations and lower expression of IGFBPs in the maternal placentomes. Placental and fetal development in lean ewes may be promoted by reduced IGFBP expression in the placentomes and enhanced UTMP production by the endometrial glands. The ewes of moderate condition had the smallest fetuses and placentae coupled with the highest placental expression of IGF-II and IGFBPs.

scholarly journals Long-term variation in polar bear body condition and maternal investment relative to a changing environment

2021 ◽  
pp. e01925
Author(s):  
Todd C. Atwood ◽  
Karyn D. Rode ◽  
David C. Douglas ◽  
Kristin Simac ◽  
Anthony M. Pagano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Polar Bear ◽  
Maternal Investment ◽  
Changing Environment ◽  
Term Variation

Nutritional manipulation of fertility and fecundity

1986 ◽  
Vol 1986 ◽  
pp. 58-58
Author(s):  
D.J.A. Cole ◽  
W.H. Close
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Early Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Products Of Conception ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The One

An examination of the influence of nutrition on the series of chronological events in the breeding lifetime has suggested that satisfactory breeding animals can be produced on a range of regimens in early life. For example, nutrition during the rearing phase has to be fairly severe (50% of ad libitum or less) to significantly delay puberty.Nutrition needs to serve the immediate reproductive needs of the animal and to ensure that the animal is in satisfactory body condition to reproduce throughout its breeding lifetime. Consequently, at certain stages there will be competition for energy and nutrients between the products of conception or lactation on the one hand and the maternal body tissues on the other.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document