Effect of ammonium polyphosphate and fillers on flame retardant and mechanical properties of recycled PET injection molded

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 979-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supaphorn Thumsorn ◽  
Takanori Negoro ◽  
Wiranphat Thodsaratpreeyakul ◽  
Hiroyuki Inoya ◽  
Masayuki Okoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Recycled Pet ◽  
Injection Molded

Flammability and Mechanical Properties of Toughened Phenolic Foams Containing APP, MP and MCA

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 1809-1812
Author(s):  
Shao Hong Xu ◽  
Xiao Yu Sui ◽  
Zheng Zhou Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Melamine Cyanurate ◽  
Melamine Phosphate

Flammability of toughened phenolic (PF) foams containing ammonium polyphosphate (APP), melamine phosphate (MP) or melamine cyanurate(MCA) was studied by limiting oxygen index (LOI). The LOI values show that APP or MP is an effient flame retardant than MCA in the toughened PF foams. The thermal decomposition and mechanical properties of the phenolic foams were also investigated.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Fire Properties of Multicomponent Flame Retardant EPDM Rubbers Using Aluminum Trihydroxide, Ammonium Polyphosphate, and Polyaniline

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Zirnstein ◽  
Dietmar Schulze ◽  
Bernhard Schartel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Multicomponent System ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Epdm Rubber ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Aluminum Trihydroxide

In this study, multicomponent flame retardant systems, consisting of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), aluminum trihydroxide (ATH), and polyaniline (PANI), were used in ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber. The multicomponent system was designed to improve flame retardancy and the mechanical properties of the rubber compounds, while simultaneously reducing the amount of filler. PANI was applied at low loadings (7 phr) and combined with the phosphorous APP (21 phr) and the mineral flame retardant ATH (50 phr). A comprehensive study of six EPDM rubbers was carried out by systematically varying the fillers to explain the impact of multicomponent flame retardant systems on mechanical properties. The six EPDM materials were investigated via the UL 94, limiting oxygen index (LOI), FMVSS 302, glow wire tests, and the cone calorimeter, showing that multicomponent flame retardant systems led to improved fire performance. In cone calorimeter tests the EPDM/APP/ATH/PANI composite reduced the maximum average rate of heat emission (MARHE) to 142 kW·m−2, a value 50% lower than that for the unfilled EPDM rubber. Furthermore, the amount of phosphorus in the residues was quantified and the mode of action of the phosphorous flame retardant APP was explained. The data from the cone calorimeter were used to determine the protective layer effect of the multicomponent flame retardant systems in the EPDM compounds.

scholarly journals Rigid Polyurethane Foams Containing Modified Ammonium Polyphosphate Having Outstanding Charring Ability and Increased Flame Retardancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunzhuang Yang ◽  
Shuiyu Shao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Cone Calorimeter Test ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
The Impact

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with different polymerization degrees were modified by a novel phosphorus-containing organosilicon compound (PCOC), and the products obtained were coded as MAPP-30 and MAPP-1000. Then they were applied to prepare flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) separately. The impact of modified APP (MAPP) on the flame-retardant properties of RPUF was investigated by the limited oxygen index (LOI) test, horizontal burning test, and cone calorimeter test. The morphologies of the char residues were observed by SEM. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of RPUF composites were measured by the compressive strength test. The results showed that whether the degree of polymerization of MAPP is 30 or 1000, they both had greater charring ability and better flame-retardant properties than unmodified APP. The residual char yield of RPUF/MAPP-30 (37.3%) and RPUF/MAPP-1000 (36.5%) were both significantly higher than RPUF/APP-30 (22.8%) and RPUF/APP-1000 (24.9%). The peak heat release rate value of RPUF/MAPP-30 was 29.9% lower than that of RPUF/APP-30, and the drop of RPUF/MAPP-1000 was 50.9% compared to RPUF/APP-1000. Moreover, the total heat release of RPUF/MAPP-1000 (9.7 MJ/m2) was much lower than that of RPUF/MAPP-30 (11.3 MJ/m2). In summary, MAPP-1000 has the best flame-retardant properties among all RPUF composites. In addition, the results also showed that flame-retardant performance and the mechanical properties dramatically decreased with the increase in the addition of MAPP-1000, and the RPUF composite had the best comprehensive performance with 20% content of MAPP-1000.

Fabrication and Properties of Nano-Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2/Micro-Capsulated APP/PP Flame Retardant Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 334-335 ◽  
pp. 849-852
Author(s):  
Yi Hua Cui ◽  
Yan Geng ◽  
Jie Tao ◽  
Ding Zhu Wo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Pp Composites

To improve the flame retardant performance of polypropylene (PP), three composites systems, nano-Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2/PP, micro-capsulated ammonium polyphosphate (MCAPP)/PP, and nano-Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2/MCAPP/PP had been developed and studied in this paper. Their flame retardant and mechanical properties were measured and analyzed. The results indicated that there existed synergistic effect of flame retardant among nano-Al(OH)3, nano-Mg(OH)2, and MCAPP. PP composites with the three flame retardants of 3 wt%, 9 wt%, 8 wt% respectively possessed the best integrated properties with OI value of 26.2 and little decrease in mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Production and Processing of a Spherical Polybutylene Terephthalate Powder for Laser Sintering

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Kleijnen ◽  
Manfred Schmid ◽  
Konrad Wegener
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Polybutylene Terephthalate ◽  
Powder Production ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Continuous Extrusion ◽  
Matrix Powder

This work describes the production of a spherical polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) powder and its processing with selective laser sintering (SLS). The powder was produced via melt emulsification, a continuous extrusion-based process. PBT was melt blended with polyethylene glycol (PEG), creating an emulsion of spherical PBT droplets in a PEG matrix. Powder could be extracted after dissolving the PEG matrix phase in water. The extrusion settings were adjusted to optimize the size and yield of PBT particles. After classification, 79 vol. % of particles fell within a range of 10–100 µm. Owing to its spherical shape, the powder exhibited excellent flowability and packing properties. After powder production, the width of the thermal processing (sintering) window was reduced by 7.6 °C. Processing of the powder on a laser sintering machine was only possible with difficulties. The parts exhibited mechanical properties inferior to injection-molded specimens. The main reason lied in the PBT being prone to thermal degradation and hydrolysis during the powder production process. Melt emulsification in general is a process well suited to produce a large variety of SLS powders with exceptional flowability.

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