Humour's role in the relation between attributional style and dysphoria

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela S. Hugelshofer ◽  
Paul Kwon ◽  
Robert C. Reff ◽  
Megan L. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Negative Attributional Style

The present study empirically investigated the role of adaptive and maladaptive components of humour in the relation between attributional style and dysphoria. Four hundred eighteen students (134 male, 282 female; 2 respondents did not indicate gender) completed questionnaires measuring attributional style, humour styles and depressive symptoms. Among men and women, higher levels of affiliative and self‐enhancing humour, and lower levels of self‐defeating humour, were each associated with fewer depressive symptoms. Additionally, higher levels of affiliative humour provided a buffer against the deleterious effects of a negative attributional style in men, but not women. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals The role of pension contributions in explaining inequalities in depressive symptoms. Results from SHARE

2020 ◽  
pp. 140349482090901
Author(s):  
Hanno Hoven ◽  
Nico Dragano ◽  
Thorsten Lunau ◽  
Christian Deindl ◽  
Morten Wahrendorf
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Pension Scheme ◽  
Health It ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Pension Schemes ◽  
Employment Participation ◽  
Employment Histories

Aims: Research has established solid evidence that socioeconomic position impacts health. It is, however, still debated to what extent characteristics of entire employment histories are associated with health inequalities later on. This study investigates associations between contributing to pension schemes throughout entire employment histories and depressive symptoms in older men and women. Methods: We use retrospective life history data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), collected in 2008–2009 from retired men and women. Data include detailed information on previous employment histories (between age 25 and 60 years) that allows us to measure labour market involvements and pension contributions during past working lives. In addition, we measure elevated depressive symptoms using EURO-D. Results: We observe that employed work without contributing to pension schemes is associated with elevated depressive symptoms for women, even when taking the current household income into consideration. For men (but not for women), self-employed work without pension contributions is linked to elevated depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Our results indicate that studies linking previous employment participation to health after labour market exit should not only consider whether a person worked, but also whether he or she contributed to a pension scheme. In addition, our study points to interesting gender differences, where pension contributions matter most for women in employed work and for men in self-employed work.

scholarly journals Children’s Self-blame Appraisals about their Mothers’ Depressive Symptoms and Risk for Internalizing Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrystyna D Kouros
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Maternal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Target Children ◽  
Negative Attributional Style ◽  
Child Age

Maternal depressive symptoms are a robust predictor of children’s risk for internalizing symptoms; yet not all children are negatively affected by exposure to their mothers’ symptoms. The present study tested children's self-blame appraisals as a moderator of the association between maternal depressive symptoms and children’s internalizing symptoms, controlling for children’s negative attributional style. We hypothesized that the relation between maternal depressive symptoms and children’s internalizing symptoms would be stronger for children who blamed themselves more for their mothers’ symptoms. Participants were 129 mother-child dyads (M child age = 13.63, SD = 2.2; 52.7% female; 38.8% White, 31% African American, 22.5% Latinx/Hispanic) recruited from the community. Results indicated that maternal depressive symptoms were associated with higher levels of children’s internalizing symptoms for children who reported higher, but not lower, levels of self-blame appraisals. Results were consistent using mothers’ or children’s reports of their own and each other’s symptoms. The findings highlight the importance of assessing children’s appraisals about their mothers’ depressive symptoms, and suggest that preventive interventions should target children who endorse higher levels of self-blame appraisals. Further, children’s self-blame appraisals about mothers’ depressive symptoms should be considered as a target of treatment for child internalizing disorders.

scholarly journals A Longitudinal Examination of the Hopelessness Theory of Depression in People Who Have Multiple Sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. I. Kneebone ◽  
S. Guerrier ◽  
E. Dunmore ◽  
E. Jones ◽  
C. Fife-Schaw
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
Hopelessness Theory ◽  
Hopelessness Theory Of Depression ◽  
Negative Attributional Style

Purpose. Hopelessness theory predicts that negative attributional style will interact with negative life events over time to predict depression. The intention of this study was to test this in a population who are at greater risk of negative life events, people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS).Method. Data, including measures of attributional style, negative life events, and depressive symptoms, were collected via postal survey in 3 phases, each one a year apart.Results. Responses were received from over 380 participants at each study phase. Negative attributional style was consistently able to predict future depressive symptoms at low to moderate levels of association; however, this ability was not sustained when depressive symptoms at Phase 1 were controlled for. No substantial evidence to support the hypothesised interaction of negative attributional style and negative life events was found.Conclusions. Findings were not supportive of the causal interaction proposed by the hopelessness theory of depression. Further work considering other time frames, using methods to prime attributional style before assessment and specifically assessing the hopelessness subtype of depression, may prove to be more fruitful. Intervention directly to address attributional style should also be considered.

Bulimic symptoms and the development of depressive symptoms: The moderating role of attributional style

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 651-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Joiner ◽  
Gerald I. Metalsky ◽  
Stephen A. Wonderlich
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Bulimic Symptoms ◽  
Moderating Role

Role of aggression, rejection, and attributions in the prediction of depression in children

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Panak ◽  
Judy Garber
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Peer Rejection ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Predictive Relations ◽  
Diathesis Stress Model

AbstractConcurrent and predictive relations among aggression, peer rejection, and self-reported depressive symptoms were examined in 521 third-, fourth-, and fifth-grade children at three time points over 1 year. Increases in aggression were significantly associated with increases in depression, and this relation was mediated, in part, through increases in peer rejection. The relation between peer-reported rejection and depression was mediated by perceived rejection. Finally, we found support for the cognitive diathesis-stress model of depression in children. Controlling for initial levels of depression and peer rejection, the interaction between stress (increases in peer rejection) and a depressogenic attributional style contributed significantly to the prediction of self-reported depressive symptoms 1 year later.

scholarly journals CROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISON OF INTERNET USE AND DEPRESSION BY GENDER: THE ROLE OF INTERGENERATIONAL FACTORS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S330-S331
Author(s):  
Hyunju Shim ◽  
Jennifer A Ailshire ◽  
Eileen Crimmins
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Intergenerational Interaction ◽  
Retirement Study ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Technology may offer one approach to reducing depression as it provides medium to maintain connections (Cotton et al., 2014). Yet, depression, internet use, gender roles, and expectation of intergenerational interaction all differ across countries. Using nationally representative data from the U.S (Health and Retirement Study: HRS) and South Korea (Living Profiles of Older People Survey: LPOPS), the study examines 1) association between internet use and depressive symptoms by gender in two countries; 2) and whether intergenerational factors moderated this association. In the U.S., more than half of men and women aged 65+ used the internet, while approximately 30% of women and 47% of men used the internet in Korea. Using the internet was associated with lower depression for those living far from the closest child for women in the U.S., and for men in Korea. The findings indicate that the association of internet use on depressive symptoms can be influenced by intergenerational factors that may differentially affect men and women depending on the sociohistorical contexts.

Attributional Intervention for Depression in Two People with Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Single Case Design

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Wain ◽  
Ian I. Kneebone ◽  
Mark Cropley
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Single Case Design ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Hopelessness Theory ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Hopelessness Theory Of Depression

Background: Depression is common in those with MS. The hopelessness theory of depression, emphasizing the role of attributional style, is supported in this population. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) that can affect attributional style can reduce depression in people who have MS. Aims: The present study aimed to consider whether changing attributional style would reduce depression in two people with MS, thereby supporting the importance of this component of CBT with this population. Method: Two female participants with MS were offered a 5-session intervention designed to alter attributional style. The study followed an ABA design. Attributional style and depressive symptoms were the principal measures considered. Negative life events and MS related stresses were also monitored. Results: The intervention appeared effective for one of the participants, with predicted changes in attributional style and sizeable reductions in depressive symptoms from pre- to post-treatment that were sustained at 3-month follow-up. Improvement was still evident at 6 months, although with some reduction of effect. The intervention was less successful for the other participant who declined further treatment after three sessions. Conclusions: Some support for the hopelessness theory of depression was found, indicating its relevance to CBT interventions for those who have MS and depression.

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