scholarly journals A Longitudinal Examination of the Hopelessness Theory of Depression in People Who Have Multiple Sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. I. Kneebone ◽  
S. Guerrier ◽  
E. Dunmore ◽  
E. Jones ◽  
C. Fife-Schaw
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
Hopelessness Theory ◽  
Hopelessness Theory Of Depression ◽  
Negative Attributional Style

Purpose. Hopelessness theory predicts that negative attributional style will interact with negative life events over time to predict depression. The intention of this study was to test this in a population who are at greater risk of negative life events, people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS).Method. Data, including measures of attributional style, negative life events, and depressive symptoms, were collected via postal survey in 3 phases, each one a year apart.Results. Responses were received from over 380 participants at each study phase. Negative attributional style was consistently able to predict future depressive symptoms at low to moderate levels of association; however, this ability was not sustained when depressive symptoms at Phase 1 were controlled for. No substantial evidence to support the hypothesised interaction of negative attributional style and negative life events was found.Conclusions. Findings were not supportive of the causal interaction proposed by the hopelessness theory of depression. Further work considering other time frames, using methods to prime attributional style before assessment and specifically assessing the hopelessness subtype of depression, may prove to be more fruitful. Intervention directly to address attributional style should also be considered.

ATTRIBUTIONAL STYLE AND SOCIAL-SKILL DEFICITS AS PREDICTORS OF DYSPHORIC STATES AND RESPONSE TO TREATMENT

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-194
Author(s):  
Carmen Rodriguez-Naranjo ◽  
Antonio Godoy ◽  
Rosa Esteve
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Social Skill ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Attributional Styles ◽  
Hopelessness Theory ◽  
Skill Deficits ◽  
Social Skill Deficits ◽  
Hopelessness Theory Of Depression

It is hypothesized that there might be two subtypes of dysphoria. Comparison of the characteristic deficits of attributional styles and social skills of adolescent dysphorics differentiated them into two subtypes. This suggested that matched treatments of the two subtypes of dysphoria might be more effective than non-matched treatments. As is predicted by the hopelessness theory of depression (Alloy, Abramson, Metalsky, & Hartlage, 1988), dysphorics characterized by the depressogenic attributional style and adequate social skills reported significantly greater numbers of negative life-events than dysphorics characterized by social-skill deficits and healthy attributional style. Treatments matched to dysphoria subtypes were more effective than non-matched treatments. The authors suggest that similar tests of dysphorics over several years might indicate that some dysphoric states intensify and that matched treatments would abort potentially severe depressions.

A Causal Model of Hopelessness Depression in Chinese Undergraduate Students

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-Zhi Feng ◽  
Hong Yi
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Stress Component ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Hopelessness Theory ◽  
Hopelessness Depression ◽  
Mediational Role

The diathesis-stress component hypothesis and the mediational role of hopelessness proposed by the hopelessness theory of depression were tested using data from a 16-week longitudinal study of Chinese university undergraduates. Participants (N = 240) completed self-report measures assessing attributional style, negative life events, hopelessness, and hopelessness depression symptoms at 3 time points. The diathesis-stress hypothesis was tested using the latent growth curve model and results showed that as postulated in the hopelessness theory, depressogenic attributional style predicted hopelessness depression following the occurrence of negative life events. Specifically, hopelessness played a partial mediating role in the etiological chain of hopelessness depression.

Attributional Intervention for Depression in Two People with Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Single Case Design

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Wain ◽  
Ian I. Kneebone ◽  
Mark Cropley
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Single Case Design ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Hopelessness Theory ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Hopelessness Theory Of Depression

Background: Depression is common in those with MS. The hopelessness theory of depression, emphasizing the role of attributional style, is supported in this population. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) that can affect attributional style can reduce depression in people who have MS. Aims: The present study aimed to consider whether changing attributional style would reduce depression in two people with MS, thereby supporting the importance of this component of CBT with this population. Method: Two female participants with MS were offered a 5-session intervention designed to alter attributional style. The study followed an ABA design. Attributional style and depressive symptoms were the principal measures considered. Negative life events and MS related stresses were also monitored. Results: The intervention appeared effective for one of the participants, with predicted changes in attributional style and sizeable reductions in depressive symptoms from pre- to post-treatment that were sustained at 3-month follow-up. Improvement was still evident at 6 months, although with some reduction of effect. The intervention was less successful for the other participant who declined further treatment after three sessions. Conclusions: Some support for the hopelessness theory of depression was found, indicating its relevance to CBT interventions for those who have MS and depression.

Test of the Hopelessness Theory of Depression: Drawing Negative Inference from Negative Life Events

1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine G. Kapçi
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
The Self ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Hopelessness Theory ◽  
Hopelessness Theory Of Depression

The hopelessness theory of depression, i.e., that drawing negative inference from the occurrence of negative life events culminates in depression, was examined. A total of 34 dysphoric and 36 nondepressed undergraduate students participated in a two-stage prospective study lasting three months. The subjects completed the Beck Depression Inventory and Hopelessness Scale at both sessions and the Life Events Experience List at the second session. It is concluded that the inference of negative characteristics about the self from negative life events, coupled with the experience of negative life events contributes to the development of depression through hopelessness. The findings are discussed in relation to the Abramson, et al. hopelessness model of depression.

The associations between family characteristics and depressive symptoms in older adults: a community-based survey in rural China

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1226-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Gong ◽  
Xiaopiao Wen ◽  
Chaoping Guan ◽  
Zhiqing Wang ◽  
Yuan Liang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Negative Life Event ◽  
The Past

ABSTRACTBackground: The aim of the current study was to investigate the associations between family characteristics and depressive symptoms, and provide new evidence and recommendations for prevention and intervention in the depressive symptoms of older adults.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional survey conducted door-to-door, utilizing a sample of 1,317 individuals aged 60 years and above in rural China. The five family characteristic variables recorded were: living with spouse, living with descendant, support of family members, self-reported family economic status in the previous year, and family-related negative life events that occurred anytime in the past with a continuous psychological effect during the past 12 months. Gender, age, years of schooling, and self-rated physical health status were taken as potential confounders. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine independent effects on depressive symptoms.Results: In addition to the potential confounders, only family-related negative life events, support of family members, and self-reported family economic status had significant effects on depressive symptoms in older adults. Experiencing a family-related negative life event was the most significant variable (OR = 11.70, 95% CI: 7.72–17.73), the second was support of family members (OR = 6.93, 95% CI: 3.26–14.70), while family economic status was less important than support of family members (OR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.08–5.25).Conclusion: This study, from the perspective of family characteristics on depressive symptoms in older adults, showed a strong correlation between being exposed to harmful family environments and depressive symptoms among the elderly. Efforts to address family risk factors and strengthen family cohesiveness deserve a higher priority, given the importance of these factors, compared with other efforts such as promoting economic development.

Ethnic Variables and Negative Life Events as Predictors of Depressive Symptoms and Suicidal Behaviors in Latino College Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward C. Chang ◽  
Elizabeth A. Yu ◽  
Tina Yu ◽  
Emma R. Kahle ◽  
Viviana Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Latino College Students ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors

scholarly journals Negative Life Events, Social Ties, and Depressive Symptoms for Older Adults in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 580-580
Author(s):  
Hangqing Ruan ◽  
Feinian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Old Age Support ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Negative life events are considered important risk factors of depression among older adults. An overwhelming amount of literature suggests that individuals with the most supportive social relations tend to make a better recovery from stressful life events. As for which types of ties matter the most, whether being family, relatives, friends or the broader community, existing literature is much less consistent and has documented varying effects across different contexts. This study is set in China, which traditionally relies on family systems and filial obligations for old-age support. Using two waves of data from China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey, we examine the protective effect of different types of social relations on depressive symptoms, including those who are living in the household, children who live close by or far away, as well as their ties with family, relatives, and friends.

scholarly journals Every Night and Every Morn: Effect of Variation in CLOCK Gene on Depression Depends on Exposure to Early and Recent Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorka Gyorik ◽  
Nora Eszlari ◽  
Zsofia Gal ◽  
Dora Torok ◽  
Daniel Baksa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Childhood Adversities ◽  
Increased Risk

The role of circadian dysregulation is increasingly acknowledged in the background of depressive symptoms, and is also a promising treatment target. Similarly, stress shows a complex relationship with the circadian system. The CLOCK gene, encoding a key element in circadian regulation has been implicated in previous candidate variant studies in depression with contradictory findings, and only a few such studies considered the interacting effects of stress. We investigated the effect of CLOCK variation with a linkage-disequilibrium-based clumping method, in interaction with childhood adversities and recent negative life events, on two phenotypes of depression, lifetime depression and current depressive symptoms in a general population sample.Methods: Participants in NewMood study completed questionnaires assessing childhood adversities and recent negative life events, the Brief Symptom Inventory to assess current depressive symptoms, provided data on lifetime depression, and were genotyped for 1054 SNPs in the CLOCK gene, 370 of which survived quality control and were entered into linear and logistic regression models with current depressive symptoms and lifetime depression as the outcome variable, and childhood adversities or recent life events as interaction variables followed by a linkage disequilibrium-based clumping process to identify clumps of SNPs with a significant main or interaction effect.Results: No significant clumps with a main effect were found. In interaction with recent life events a significant clump containing 94 SNPs with top SNP rs6825994 for dominant and rs6850524 for additive models on current depression was identified, while in interaction with childhood adversities on current depressive symptoms, two clumps, both containing 9 SNPs were found with top SNPs rs6828454 and rs711533.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that CLOCK contributes to depressive symptoms, but via mediating the effects of early adversities and recent stressors. Given the increasing burden on circadian rhythmicity in the modern lifestyle and our expanding insight into the contribution of circadian disruption in depression especially as a possible mediator of stress, our results may pave the way for identifying those who would be at an increased risk for depressogenic effects of circadian dysregulation in association with stress as well as new molecular targets for intervention in stress-related psychopathologies in mood disorders.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document