Advances in Structural Modification and Pharmacological Activity of Catalpol and its Derivatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (47) ◽  
pp. 13520-13535
Author(s):  
Shuanglin Liu ◽  
Yuanfang Kong ◽  
Juntao Cai ◽  
Chunhong Dong
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Structural Modification

Rhein Derivatives, A Promising Pivot?

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Pei ◽  
Yueping Jiang ◽  
Guanghua Lei ◽  
Jingjing Chen ◽  
Manhua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Anthraquinone Derivative ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Made In

: Rhein, an anthraquinone derivative, has been employed widely, especially for the treatment of intractable diseases like diabetic nephropathy, arthritis, and cancer in a unique action mechanism. In the last decades, considerable efforts have been made in structural modification of rhein. This paper reviewed patents on pharmacological activity and therapeutic application of rhein and its derivatives from 1978 to 2018. Particularly, an analysis of patents was made, with the top 10 most valuable patents presented, and the interpretation of the legal status of patents was given. Given the properties of superior pharmacological activity, rich resources, cheap price, low toxicity, and mature extraction process, it is believed that an in-depth investigation on rhein and its derivatives is worth trying.

Cristal-growth dynamics of n-doped gaAs

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1544-1545
Author(s):  
Pham V. Huong ◽  
Stéphanie Bouchet ◽  
Jean-Claude Launay
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Epitaxial Layer ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Gaas Substrate ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Argon Laser ◽  
High Anisotropy ◽  
Crystal Gaas

Microstructure of epitaxial layers of doped GaAs and its crystal growth dynamics on single crystal GaAs substrate were studied by Raman microspectroscopy with a Dilor OMARS instrument equipped with a 1024 photodiode multichannel detector and a ion-argon laser Spectra-Physics emitting at 514.5 nm.The spatial resolution of this technique, less than 1 μm2, allows the recording of Raman spectra at several spots in function of thickness, from the substrate to the outer deposit, including areas around the interface (Fig.l).The high anisotropy of the LO and TO Raman bands is indicative of the orientation of the epitaxial layer as well as of the structural modification in the deposit and in the substrate at the interface.With Sn doped, the epitaxial layer also presents plasmon in Raman scattering. This fact is already very well known, but we additionally observed that its frequency increases with the thickness of the deposit. For a sample with electron density 1020 cm-3, the plasmon L+ appears at 930 and 790 cm-1 near the outer surface.

New phytochemical markers and pharmacological activity of dendrobium chrysotoxum flowers

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Bonté ◽  
S Darnault ◽  
JH Cauchard ◽  
V Pecher ◽  
D Weltin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Activity

Pharmacological activity of Mexican basidiomycetes species cultivated in vitro

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Garza-Ocañas ◽  
E Tamez de la O ◽  
XS Ramírez-Gómez ◽  
F Garza-Ocañas ◽  
MT Zanatta Calderón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Activity

Study of The Pharmacological Activity and Heavy Metal Content of Eichhornia Crassipes Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy Jimmy ◽  
Diah Indriani Widiputri ◽  
Paulus Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Heavy Metal Content ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Negative Impacts

Eichhornia crassipes is well-known as water hyacinth. Water hyacinth grows rapidly in the nutrient-rich water and high light intensity places. The uncontrollable growth of water hyacinth has caused many negative impacts to the environment. For instance, interrupted water transport and decreased population of aquatic lives. The capacity of utilising water hyacinth is slower than water hyacinth growth and water hyacinth is still considered as a threat to theecosystem. This work was focused on the study of the pharmacological activity and heavy metal content of water hyacinth in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang. Fresh water hyacinth was pre-treated through oven-drying and milling process. After that, each part of the plant was macerated by using multiple extraction method with 96% ethanol/water and three variations of sample-to-solvent ratios (1:30, 1:50, and 1:75 w/v). The result of the experiment showed thatwater hyacinth leaves produced an extract with lowest IC 50 (55.76 ± 6.73 ppm) compared toother parts. The most optimum solvent used to achieve this result was 96% ethanol/water (1:1 v/v). In order to obtain the lowest antioxidant activity, the sample to solvent ratio used was 1:50 and the heavy metal in the extract was very low. With this result, it was concluded that there is a promising opportunity to apply the water hyacinth growing in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang as herbal medicine ingredient. Through this utilization, the overall number of water hyacinth in Indonesia can be reduced or at the least be controlled, so that the environmental problem caused by this plant can be minimized.

10-step Synthesis of 20-nor-Salvinorin A by Dynamic Strategic Bond Analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Roach ◽  
Yusuke Sasano ◽  
Cullen Schmid ◽  
Saheem Zaidi ◽  
Vsevolod Katritch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Opioid Receptors ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Salvinorin A ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Plant Metabolite ◽  
Complex Architecture ◽  
Property Modification

Salvinorin A (SalA) is a plant metabolite that agonizes the human <i>kappa</i>-opioid receptor (κ-OR) with high affinity and high selectivity over <i>mu- </i>and <i>delta-</i>opioid receptors. Its therapeutic potential has stimulated extensive semi-synthetic studies and total synthesis campaigns. However, structural modification of SalA has been complicated by its instability, and efficient total synthesis has been frustrated by its dense, complex architecture. Treatment of strategic bonds in SalA as dynamic and dependent on structural perturbation enabled the identification of an efficient retrosynthetic pathway. Here we show that deletion of C20 simultaneously stabilizes the SalA skeleton, simplifies its synthesis and retains its high affinity and selectivity for the κ-OR. The resulting 10-step synthesis now opens the SalA scaffold to deep-seated property modification.

Pharmacognostical and pharmacological activity of Justicia gendarussa burm.f.: a comprehensive review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 3384-3390
Author(s):  
Ashish ◽  
Anjali ◽  
Dixit Praveen K ◽  
Nagarajan K ◽  
Sahoo Jagannath
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Andaman Islands ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Different Parts

Justicia gendarussa Burm .f. (family Acanthaceae) which is also known as willow-leaves and commonly known as Nili-Nirgundi, it is very commonly found nearby to China and its availability is very common in larger parts of India and Andaman islands. Traditionally it is used to treat various sorts of disorders such as wound healing, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antiproliferative, anti-arthritic etc. Justicia gendarussa is one of the crucial herbs which has been used in the Ayurveda. Majorly leaves parts of the plant shows the pharmacological activity but the root of the plant Justicia gendarussa is also have the important medicinal values. A large variety of pharmacologically active constituents i.e., alkaloids, flavonoids, saponin, carbohydrates, steroids, triterpenoids, carotenoids, aminoacids, tannins, phenolics, coumarines and anthaquinones are also present in this plant and they makes the plant pharmacologically important. The activity of the plant is also dependent on the solvent which is used for the extraction the various vital chemical constituents. The different- different parts of the plants having the different medicinal values also differ in the chemical values. This review is not only focused on the essential phytochemical constituents which is available in the plant but it also explains their necessary medicinal value to shows the essential biological action and phytopharmacological actions of various parts of the plant.

An ayurvedic tablet formulation for ulcer protection

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Shiva Kumar K ◽  
Purushothaman M ◽  
Soujanya H ◽  
Jagadeeshwari S
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Antiulcer Activity ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
System A ◽  
The World

Gastric ulcers or the peptic ulcer is the primary disease that affects the gastrointestinal system. A large extent of the population in the world are suffering from the disease, and the age group of people those who suffer from ulcers are 20-55years. Herbs are known to the human beings that are useful in the treatment of diseases, and there are a lot of scientific investigations that prove the pharmacological activity of herbal drugs. Practitioners have been using the herbal material to treat the ulcers successfully, and the same had been reported scientifically. Numerous publications have been made that proves the antiulcer activity of the plants around the world. The tablets were investigated for the antiulcer activity in two doses 200 and 400mg/kg in albino Wistar rats in the artificial ulcer those are induced by the ethanol. The prepared tablets showed a better activity compared to the standard synthetic drug and the marketed ayurvedic formulation. The tablets showed a dose-dependent activity in ulcer prevention and treatment. Many synthetic drugs are available for the ulcer treatment, and the drugs pose the other problems in the body by showing the side effects and some other reactions. This limits the use of synthetic drugs to treat ulcers effectively. Herbs are known to the human beings that are useful in the treatment of diseases, and there are a lot of scientific investigations that prove the pharmacological activity of herbal drugs.

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