Investigating the toxicity of the leaf extracts of lotus

Lotus croniculatus belongs to Fabaceae family and grows in the temperate regions and grasslands of the countries of Africa and America. The plant is commonly known as common bird’s foot tree foil. The plant is a herb and appears to be clover plant. The flowers of the plant are used mainly to induce sleep and other effects that regard to brain and heart. The plant is used to reduce spasms in the digestive tract. The infusions that are diluted to certain extent are helpful to reduce the anxiety and insomnia and also to treat exhaustion. Inspite of the possession of lot of pharmacological activities, the plant is to be studied in a detailed manner for the toxicity also. Medicinal plants are known to cause low adverse effects and high potency. In the present investigation, the acute and chronic toxicity levels of the plant Lotus croniculatus extract of leaves was studied in laboratory animals. It is indicated that the animals did not show any change in behavior in acute toxicity and no mortality too. The extract also showed no signs of toxicity and change of values in the blood cells, liver enzymes and also kidney function tests were also normal at the dose of 2g/kg which denotes the safety of the plant in rats.

Attitudes amongst Saudi hospital paramedics toward seasonal Influenza and Vaccination

Paramedics were only given the essentials to deal with influenza vaccination. On the other hand, 67.6 percent of them were actually vaccinated. To reduce the spread of the virus, healthcare providers should work hard to immunize the population around us at any given time. There has been a lot of study into flu, and the general consensus is that it is a type of acute respiratory illness. Influenza is a very contagious and transmissible viral disease that can cause very severe symptoms. This was designed to determine those parents who smoke, how aware they are about the flu symptoms, and how they deal with them. This survey is a part of a study that was conducted by us of healthy male paramedics. When they were given an online questionnaire that included eight questions, all the participants found the questions to be very straightforward. As a result of this survey, we will know exactly what the Saudi parents really know about disease prevention and treatments. The purpose of the study is to find out if the paramedics of Saudi Hospitals would like to be vaccinated against seasonal influenza. The paper uses the word "seriously" to talk about the importance of vaccination (which is an interesting word choice). This research was conducted on a sample of 222 healthy male paramedics assessed by the use of an online questionnaire, along with a personal rating of beliefs regarding influenza vaccination and the status of self-reported vaccination. The paper also identifies the reasons why the people in question are not being vaccinated and the outcomes. By conducting a percentage analysis by reviewing the questionnaire results, it was found that the paramedics were very unaware of the importance of and effectiveness of the Hepatitis B Vaccination. According to what the paramedics found, the vaccine wasn't available in the hospitals, so they couldn't administer it, either.

Design and validation of the Gingkolide estimation using RP-HPLC analytical tool

Gingkolide is an antiseizure medicine used as an adjuvant of partial seizures and GAD to relieve neuropathic pain. It binds to the very high affinity alpha delta site in the CNS. Although the drug's mechanism remains unclear, in genetically engineered mice and other anticonvulsive models, findings showed that it binds to alpha receptors. A rapid rise in the number of drugs added to each class of drugs has been noted. Whether in a single or multi-drug delivery form, these medications are developed into newer formulations. These newest formulations put on the market need a new investigation to estimate the medication in the formulations. In the scientific literature, the current analytical procedures for such drugs are available, but not all approaches are stable and economical to use. Few other techniques are often time-consuming. The goal of this work was to develop an RP-HPLC analytical tool for Gingkolide estimation. The drug's RP-PLC study meets the drug's optimum integrity, suitability, regeneration. The drug's LOQ and LOD were reached with elevated sensitivity. Overall, the results show that the recommended analytical approach in the formulation should be used to evaluate the drug. For regular study of the medication in its dosage form, this approach may be recommended.

Studies on the corrosion resistance of Al7075 / SiC metal matrix composites in an alkaline environment

Metal matrix composites are of interest every day due to their lightweight, improved mechanical properties, and increased corrosion resistance. They are used in the aeronautical, aerospace, marine, and automotive industries. A variety of methods can estimate Their corrosion properties. The open-circuit potential studies are also a tool for evaluating the corrosion of composite materials. This research paper focuses on studying open circuit potential determination of the aluminium 7075 alloys reinforced with silicon carbide particulate in differently concentrated sodium hydroxide solutions. The composite materials were prepared by adding 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 weight percentages of silicon carbide to the aluminium base metal liquid melt metallurgy technique (Vortex method). The silicon carbide used as reinforcement in size range of 50 – 80 µm, which is commercially available. The SiC particulates material is had been preheated to 400°C and introduced into the liquid melt of Al7075 at a rate of 100 g/m, under constant agitating condition using a mechanical stirrer system for 3 to 4 minutes. Rectangular specimens of 2 cm length, 1cm width and 1 mm thickness were used for the experiments. 1sq.cm area of the specimens was exposed to sodium hydroxide medium. Open circuit potential experiments test was conducted using a multimeter and calomel electrode system. The potential observed for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% silicon carbide composites were less than the potential of matrix alloy for a range of 30 hours.

Corrosion resistance studies of aluminium 7075 / SiC composites materials in an acidic environment

The aluminium and silicon carbide-based composite (Al-SiC) material was prepared using commercially available analytical grade Al7075 alloy and SiC. Here the silicon carbide is used as reinforcement particles in the composites. The metal composites were developed using liquid melt techniques (Vortex method). The reinforcement material is introduced in different weight fractions in the range of 0 to 10% in this process. These Al-SiC specimens were used for assessment of its corrosion properties. The acid corrosion experiments were carried out at room temperature (30 ±1oC). The corrosion characteristics were estimated using the conventional weight loss method according to the procedure of ASTM G69-80. The composites performance was evaluated using microstructural analysis and the corrosion resistance tendency in different acidic environmental conditions. The SEM micrographs picture reveals that reinforcement particle was distributed uniformly. The corrosion test was conducted in HCl medium from 0.25N, 0.5N, 1M and 1.5 M respectively. The Al-SiC specimens were dipped in different HCl medium for four days in six experimental baths. Specimens were taken out from each test medium for every 24 hours and tested for its corrosion characteristics. It is observed that the corrosion rate in all HCl medium decreases with an increase in exposure time. This is due to the passivation of the Al-SiC surface induced by aluminium. It was observed that at the 10 w/w % of the aluminium metal matrix composite have higher corrosion resistance than the base alloy.

Variation of the antioxidant activity with the extraction method and solvent selection

Extraction is a significant step in the processing of the crude drug to get its chemical constituents out and keep them of high and exportable quality. The plants have various chemical constituents that are responsible for various activities in which antioxidant activity is the important one. There is another step that is crucial in the extraction process that is the selection of the suitable for extraction. Various solvents are used for extraction. They too range from the highly non-polar solvents like benzene and chloroform to the highly polar solvents like Ethanol and distilled water. So, in this work, the focus has been put on to find the effect of the extraction method and the extraction solvent on the antioxidant profile of the guava leaves. The extracts of the solvent Water in the method of ultrasound showed the highest inhibition of the free radicals and the least was with the extracts of the pet ether and using soxhlation. This is indicative that the method of extraction is critical, and the solvent of extraction played a vital role in the content of chemical constituents and the pharmacological activity too. The results showed that the ultrasound method was beneficial in extracting the soft drugs like leaves, and the distilled water was effective in extracting the chemicals from the guava leaves.

Overview on HPLC method development and standardization for drugs

Numerous various techniques for elite fluid activity system improvement are getting utilized nowadays. This rundown portrays a strategy for the precise improvement of High-execution fluid activity (HPLC) systems. It's partner explanatory apparatus that can isolate, distinguish, and evaluate the medication, its various polluting influences, and medication-related degradants that might be shaped during amalgamation or capacity. HPLC includes the comprehension of the science of medication substances and encourages the advancement of the diagnostic technique. There are a few activity boundaries that were assessed to upgrade the methodology. Worthy portable area, fixed stage, section, segment size, temperature, frequency, and inclination ought to be discovered that bears fitting similarity and soundness of medication moreover as polluting influences and degrades. In the underneath areas, we've referenced the different physical and compound boundaries that administer the HPLC technique and activity, and we have additionally asked system improvement for the ideal conditions upheld by the analyses.

An ayurvedic tablet formulation for ulcer protection

Gastric ulcers or the peptic ulcer is the primary disease that affects the gastrointestinal system. A large extent of the population in the world are suffering from the disease, and the age group of people those who suffer from ulcers are 20-55years. Herbs are known to the human beings that are useful in the treatment of diseases, and there are a lot of scientific investigations that prove the pharmacological activity of herbal drugs. Practitioners have been using the herbal material to treat the ulcers successfully, and the same had been reported scientifically. Numerous publications have been made that proves the antiulcer activity of the plants around the world. The tablets were investigated for the antiulcer activity in two doses 200 and 400mg/kg in albino Wistar rats in the artificial ulcer those are induced by the ethanol. The prepared tablets showed a better activity compared to the standard synthetic drug and the marketed ayurvedic formulation. The tablets showed a dose-dependent activity in ulcer prevention and treatment. Many synthetic drugs are available for the ulcer treatment, and the drugs pose the other problems in the body by showing the side effects and some other reactions. This limits the use of synthetic drugs to treat ulcers effectively. Herbs are known to the human beings that are useful in the treatment of diseases, and there are a lot of scientific investigations that prove the pharmacological activity of herbal drugs.

Regulation and expression of immunosuppressants compounds from a microbial source

As of late, numerous immunosuppressive medications have been found and created for clinical usage in relocation, to instigate immunosuppression. Immunosuppressants may any be exogenous, as immunosuppressive medications, or endogenous, as testosterone. They are utilized in immunosuppressive treatment to forestall the dismissal of relocated tissues and organs. It is likewise used to treat immune system sicknesses or illnesses that are undoubted of immune system source and some other non-immune system provocative ailments (e.g., long haul hypersensitive asthma control). The more significant part of these immunosuppressive medications act non-specifically, the insusceptible framework is less ready to oppose diseases and the spread of dangerous cells. The revelation of immunosuppressant drugs, lately, welcomed bewildering sway on clinical treatment as a powerful amalgamated to achieve fruitful organ transplantation. Immunosuppressants are substances that stifle the invulnerable reaction, either by diminishing the actuation or adequacy of the safe framework. The separation and portrayal of immunosuppressants from non-pathogenic organisms disengaged various tests of Chennai were gathered. The parasitic development was watched visibly, infinitesimally, and the morphology was watched. Antifungal action of separated contagious strain was broke down by Paper Disk Agar Diffusion Method using the creation of auxiliary metabolites. SDS-PAGE affirmed the presence of discharged protein.

Study of anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic activities of aqueous and ethanolic plant extracts in animal models

The tropical plant generally utilized in conventional Cameroonian medication to assuage and extravagance numerous pathologies. It is boundless in the western district where it is utilized to treat typhoid fever, gastrointestinal issues, and provocative ailments. Rheumatoid joint pain (RA) is a ceaseless, incapacitating, and dynamic immune system sickness in which incessant irritation aide saw with noteworthy bone annihilation and ligament obliteration bringing about critical joint harm and decreased usefulness. This pathology can develop rapidly in an individual and influence a few pieces of the body that become aggravated or amazingly agonizing, especially influencing the old, yet additionally people with a degenerative bone issue or insusceptible framework brokenness. This pathology, which can likewise happen because of the invulnerable framework assaulting the synovial layer, is joined by growing, solidness, torment, and a decrease or loss of joint capacity. The motivation behind this examination is to logically exhibit the mitigating and antiarthritic properties of the fluid and ethanolic concentrates of the shrubberies of Dissotis thollonii. The calming properties were assessed in vitro by restraint tests for cyclooxygenase, 5-lipoxygenase, protein denaturation, extracellular ROS creation, and cell expansion. In contrast, antiarthritic properties were assessed in vivo in rodents utilizing the zymosan An initiated monoarthritis examination and the CFA-prompted polyarthritis model.