3D Printed Scaffolds for Monolithic Aerogel Photocatalysts with Complex Geometries

Abstract Due to the accuracy, speed, and ability to produce controllable complex geometries, additive manufacturing has gained traction in the medical industry. Additive manufacturing based on powder binder-jetting allows fabricating composite ceramic artifacts to mimic the physical properties of cortical bone. Given the porous nature of the artifacts their physical properties can be manipulated based on the percentage of solid matrix and adhesive binder. It has been demonstrated that a reduction of porosity via infiltration greatly increases the mechanical properties of the artifact. In this paper experiments are presented investigating the post processing of porous materials using different adhesives to infiltrate the artifact. The resulting saturation and porosity profiles of the produced composite are analyzed.

Download Full-text

Development of a Repeatable Protocol to Uniformly Coat Internal Complex Geometries of Fine Featured 3D Printed Objects with Ceramic Material, including Determination of Viscosity Limits to Properly Coat Certain Pore Sizes

10.2172/1389975 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

A. Rogers

Keyword(s):

Ceramic Material ◽

Complex Geometries ◽

Pore Sizes ◽

Internal Complex ◽

3D Printed

Download Full-text

Effects of cathode doping on 3D printed continuous carbon fiber structural battery composites by UV-assisted coextrusion deposition

Journal of Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/00219983211031632 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002199832110316

Author(s):

John M Pappas ◽

Aditya R Thakur ◽

Xiangyang Dong

Keyword(s):

Carbon Fiber ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

System Level ◽

Solid Polymer ◽

Complex Geometries ◽

3D Print ◽

3D Printed ◽

Structural Battery

Structural battery composites are capable of significant system level mass and volume reductions not possible with separate battery and structural components by simultaneously carrying mechanical loads and storing electrical energy. The ability to 3D print lithium-ion structural batteries in arbitrary geometries would not only allow a flexible battery design but also facilitate its implementation as a structural component. This study presents a new 3D carbon fiber structural battery composite 3D printed by an ultraviolet (UV)-assisted coextrusion deposition method. With individual carbon fibers coated by solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) and dispersed within cathode doped matrix, energy storage is achieved in micro-battery cells at the fiber level within the 3D printed structural battery composite. The 3D printed structural battery composites with various complex geometries are demonstrated by successfully powering up LEDs. The SPE coating and cathode doping effect on microstructure, printability, mechanical and electrochemical properties are further characterized and investigated. A trade-off between printability and electrochemical performance is observed due to hindered curing by the doped cathode materials. The obtained electrochemical and mechanical performance is comparable to the carbon fiber based structural battery composites fabricated by conventional lay-up processes. These well demonstrate the great potentials of the proposed 3D printing method in rapidly fabricating functional structural battery composite components with complex geometries.

Download Full-text

Characteristics of 3D Printable Bronze PLA-Based Filament Composites for Gaskets

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14164770 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (16) ◽

pp. 4770

Author(s):

Marcela Sava ◽

Ramona Nagy ◽

Karoly Menyhardt

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Room Temperature ◽

New Technology ◽

Complex Geometries ◽

Glass Transition Region ◽

3D Printed ◽

Published Research ◽

Cylindrical Samples ◽

Insight Into ◽

Sintered Materials

Composite materials can be tailored for various properties, but the manufacturing process can be quite lengthy depending on the complexity of the final product. Instead, we focused our attention on the relatively new technology of additive manufacturing (3D printing) that can produce complex geometries for a limited number of samples. Due to the weak bond between successive printed layers, these objects will have weaker mechanical properties in relation to cast or sintered materials. Thus, the orientation of the printed layers can make a huge difference in the behavior of the products. In this paper, a 3D printed composite made from bronze-filled PLA is mechanically characterized in order to be used as a substitute for sintered compacted bronze products for compression loads. Thus, cylindrical samples grown with the base horizontally and vertically were subjected to compression loads to determine their stress-strain curves at room temperature as well as in the glass transition region. Due to a lack of published research in this area, this study offers an insight into the usability of bronze-filled PLA for gaskets or other objects subjected to compression loads.

Download Full-text

Microreactor Production by PolyJet Matrix 3D-Printing Technology

Food Technology and Biotechnology ◽

10.17113/ftb.57.02.19.5725 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 272-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mladen Šercer ◽

Damir Godec ◽

Božidar Šantek ◽

Roland Ludwig ◽

Martina Andlar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Numerical Methods ◽

3D Printing ◽

Material Properties ◽

Single Phase ◽

Acrylic Resin ◽

Complex Geometries ◽

Phase Flow ◽

Single Phase Flow ◽

3D Printing Technology ◽

3D Printed

This work investigates the methodology of producing a 3D-printed microreactor from the acrylic resin by PolyJet Matrix process. The PolyJet Matrix technology employs different materials or their combinations to generate 3D-printed structures, from small ones to complex geometries, with different material properties. Experimental and numerical methods served for the evaluation of the geometry and production of the microreactor and its hydrodynamic characterization. The operational limits of the single-phase flow in the microchannels, further improvements and possible applications of the microreactor were assessed based on the hydrodynamic characterization.

Download Full-text

Comparison of CAD and Voxel-Based Modelling Methodologies for the Mechanical Simulation of Extrusion-Based 3D Printed Scaffolds

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14195670 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (19) ◽

pp. 5670

Author(s):

Gisela Vega ◽

Rubén Paz ◽

Andrew Gleadall ◽

Mario Monzón ◽

María Elena Alemán-Domínguez

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Finite Element Analysis ◽

Finite Element ◽

Mechanical Behaviour ◽

Dimensional Accuracy ◽

Process Efficiency ◽

Complex Geometries ◽

Porous Structures ◽

Element Analysis ◽

3D Printed

Porous structures are of great importance in tissue engineering. Most scaffolds are 3D printed, but there is no single methodology to model these printed parts and to apply finite element analysis to estimate their mechanical behaviour. In this work, voxel-based and geometry-based modelling methodologies are defined and compared in terms of computational efficiency, dimensional accuracy, and mechanical behaviour prediction of printed parts. After comparing the volumes and dimensions of the models with the theoretical and experimental ones, they are more similar to the theoretical values because they do not take into account dimensional variations due to the printing temperature. This also affects the prediction of the mechanical behaviour, which is not accurate compared to reality, but it makes it possible to determine which geometry is stiffer. In terms of comparison of modelling methodologies, based on process efficiency, geometry-based modelling performs better for simple or larger parts, while voxel-based modelling is more advantageous for small and complex geometries.

Download Full-text

Infrared Thermography Approach for Pipelines and Cylindrical Based Geometries

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12071616 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 1616

Author(s):

Saed Amer ◽

Houda Al Zarkani ◽

Stefano Sfarra ◽

Mohammed Omar

Keyword(s):

Infrared Thermography ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

Mean Shift ◽

Fine Tuning ◽

Complex Geometries ◽

Defect Depth ◽

Taguchi Design Of Experiment ◽

Analysis Of Means ◽

Testing Complex ◽

3D Printed

Infrared thermography (IRT) is a competitive method for nondestructive testing; yet it is susceptible to errors when testing objects with complex geometries. This work investigates the effects of regulating different thermographic testing parameters to optimize the IRT outcomes when testing complex shaped geometries, particularly cylindrical coupons. These parameters include the scanning routine, feed-rate, and heat intensity. Fine-tuning these parameters will be performed with respect to three different variables consisting of workpiece density, defect size, and defect depth. The experimental work is designed around 3D-printed cylindrical coupons, then the obtained thermal images are stitched via image processing tool to expose defects from different scans. The analysis employs a Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) metric in an orthogonal tabulation following a Taguchi Design of Experiment. Moreover, test sensitivity and the best combination of factor levels are determined using Analysis of Means (ANOM) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The outcomes show that the heating intensity factor is the most dominant in exposing flaws with close to 40% mean shift and up to 47% variance fluctuation. The paper introduces the tools employed in the study, and then explains the methodology followed to test one sample quadrant. The results for running the testing on all the scenarios are presented, interpreted, and their implications are recommended.

Download Full-text