Human saliva stimulates skin and oral wound healing in vitro

Human saliva is a complex body fluid with more than 3000 different identified proteins. Besides rheological and lubricating properties, saliva supports wound healing and acts as an antimicrobial barrier. TFF peptides are secreted from the mucous acini of the major and minor salivary glands and are typical constituents of normal saliva; TFF3 being the predominant peptide compared with TFF1 and TFF2. Only TFF3 is easily detectable by Western blotting. It occurs in two forms, a disulfide-linked homodimer (Mr: 13k) and a high-molecular-mass heterodimer with IgG Fc binding protein (FCGBP). TFF peptides are secretory lectins known for their protective effects in mucous epithelia; the TFF3 dimer probably has wound-healing properties due to its weak motogenic effect. There are multiple indications that FCGBP and TFF3-FCGBP play a key role in the innate immune defense of mucous epithelia. In addition, homodimeric TFF3 interacts in vitro with the salivary agglutinin DMBT1gp340. Here, the protective roles of TFF peptides, FCGBP, and DMBT1gp340 in saliva are discussed. TFF peptides are also used to reduce radiotherapy- or chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. Thus, TFF peptides, FCGBP, and DMBT1gp340 are promising candidates for better formulations of artificial saliva, particularly improving wound healing and antimicrobial effects even in the esophagus.

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Activation of latent TGF-β1 by low-power laser in vitro correlates with increased TGF-β1 levels in laser-enhanced oral wound healing

Wound Repair and Regeneration ◽

10.1111/j.1524-475x.2007.00306.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 866-874 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Praveen R. Arany ◽

Ramakant S. Nayak ◽

Seema Hallikerimath ◽

Anil M. Limaye ◽

Alka D. Kale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Low Power ◽

Power Laser ◽

Oral Wound Healing ◽

Tgf Β1

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Evaluation of the In Vitro Oral Wound Healing Effects of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Rind Extract and Punicalagin, in Combination with Zn (II)

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom10091234 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1234 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vildan Celiksoy ◽

Rachael L. Moses ◽

Alastair J. Sloan ◽

Ryan Moseley ◽

Charles M. Heard

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Punica Granatum ◽

Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

High Concentrations ◽

And Migration ◽

Oral Wound Healing

Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a well-established folklore medicine, demonstrating benefits in treating numerous conditions partly due to its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Such desirable medicinal capabilities are attributed to a high hydrolysable tannin content, especially punicalagin. However, few studies have evaluated the abilities of pomegranate to promote oral healing, during situations such as periodontal disease or trauma. Therefore, this study evaluated the antioxidant and in vitro gingival wound healing effects of pomegranate rind extract (PRE) and punicalagin, alone and in combination with Zn (II). In vitro antioxidant activities were studied using DPPH and ABTS assays, with total PRE phenolic content measured by Folin–Ciocalteu assay. PRE, punicalagin and Zn (II) combination effects on human gingival fibroblast viability/proliferation and migration were investigated by MTT assay and scratch wounds, respectively. Punicalagin demonstrated superior antioxidant capacities to PRE, although Zn (II) exerted no additional influences. PRE, punicalagin and Zn (II) reduced gingival fibroblast viability and migration at high concentrations, but retained viability at lower concentrations without Zn (II). Fibroblast speed and distance travelled during migration were also enhanced by punicalagin with Zn (II) at low concentrations. Therefore, punicalagin in combination with Zn (II) may promote certain anti-inflammatory and fibroblast responses to aid oral healing.

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Anthocyanin complex niosome gel accelerates oral wound healing: in vitro and clinical studies

Nanomedicine Nanotechnology Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.nano.2021.102423 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 102423

Author(s):

Teerasak Damrongrungruang ◽

Jarin Paphangkorakit ◽

Sucharat Limsitthichaikoon ◽

Bhattaranitch Khampaenjiraroch ◽

Michael Jonathan Davies ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Oral Wound Healing

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Aberrant mucosal wound repair in the absence of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1160/th03-07-0446 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 92 (08) ◽

pp. 288-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Moon-Jin Jeong ◽

Salvador Nares ◽

Gillian Ashcroft ◽

Nikola Angelov ◽

Niki Moutsopoulos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Protease Inhibitor ◽

Wound Repair ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor ◽

Matrix Deposition ◽

Wound Model ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Oral Wound Healing

SummarySecretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) is a cationic serine protease inhibitor with anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties found in large quantities in mucosal fluids, including saliva. SLPI is expressed during cutaneous wound healing, however, its role in oral wound repair is unknown. We have used a novel approach involving a murine buccal mucosal acute wound model to investigate the role of SLPI in oral healing. In parallel to the observed cutaneous healing phenotype, an absence of SLPI results in markedly impaired oral wound healing associated with increased inflammation and raised elastase activity. Moreover, matrix deposition was decreased, while MMP activity was enhanced in the oral SLPI null wounds suggesting deregulated proteolysis. Intriguingly, regardless of genotype, reduced collagen deposition was observed in oral compared to dermal wounds, associated with reduced TGF-β expression and decreased fibroblast collagen expression in vitro. We propose that SLPI is a pivotal endogenous factor necessary for optimal tissue repair including intra-oral wound healing. In addition, our model provides a unique opportunity to delineate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the differences between dermal scarring and oral scar-free healing.

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Cytocompatibility Properties of an Herbal Compound Solution Support In vitro Wound Healing

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.653661 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Peng Zhou ◽

Vanessa Chrepa ◽

Ioannis Karoussis ◽

Michael A. Pikos ◽

Georgios A. Kotsakis

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Herbal Extract ◽

Active Comparator ◽

Cellular Models ◽

Fibroblast Migration ◽

Oral Rinse ◽

Apical Papilla ◽

Oral Stem Cells ◽

Oral Wound Healing

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytocompatibility of an herbal extract compound oral rinse [StellaLife VEGA (SLife)] against relevant human cellular models of oral surgical wound healing. SL was compared to the gold standard for peri-/post-operative oral surgical use, i.e., Chlorhexidine (CHX) and to a commonly utilized essential-oil (EO) based antiseptic rinse. Fibroblasts and primary oral stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAPs) were employed to assess its comparative cytotoxicity to the active comparator antiseptic rinses and its effects on wound healing in vitro. In cytotoxicity assays, multiple timepoints were tested ranging from clinically relevant of 60-s rinsing to protracted challenge of up to 5 min, to determine dose-dependent toxicity. The SLife group consistently demonstrated minimal cytotoxicity as compared to active comparators across experimental timepoints and different cells lines. At concentrations up to 20% v/v SLife-challenged fibroblasts and SCAPs demonstrated no significant toxicity as compared to unstimulated controls (p > 0.05). When assessing wound healing, a scratch wound assay revealed significantly accelerated cell migration for SLife as compared to CHX (p < 0.05). Notably, all active comparator antiseptic rinses affected wound healing responses by significantly reducing total collagen deposition after intermittent “rinsing” intervals that simulated post-surgical oral rinsing. Nonetheless, intermittent as well as continuous challenge of cells with SLife had a positive effect in functional collagen assays. An herbal extract compound-based oral rinse was found to be cytocompatible to cells critical to oral wound healing and to promote fibroblast migration and differentiation, contrary to existing antiseptic rinses that lack selective cytotoxicity.

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An in vitro model for investigation of vitamin A effects on wound healing

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000692 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Hoda Keshmiri Neghab ◽

Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar ◽

Gholamreza Esmaeeli Djavid

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Vitamin A ◽

In Vitro Model ◽

Cellular Proliferation ◽

Endothelial Cell Migration ◽

Normal Fibroblast ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Vitro Model

Abstract. Wound healing consists of a series of highly orderly overlapping processes characterized by hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Prolongation or interruption in each phase can lead to delayed wound healing or a non-healing chronic wound. Vitamin A is a crucial nutrient that is most beneficial for the health of the skin. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of vitamin A on regeneration, angiogenesis, and inflammation characteristics in an in vitro model system during wound healing. For this purpose, mouse skin normal fibroblast (L929), human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), and monocyte/macrophage-like cell line (RAW 264.7) were considered to evaluate proliferation, angiogenesis, and anti-inﬂammatory responses, respectively. Vitamin A (0.1–5 μM) increased cellular proliferation of L929 and HUVEC (p < 0.05). Similarly, it stimulated angiogenesis by promoting endothelial cell migration up to approximately 4 fold and interestingly tube formation up to 8.5 fold (p < 0.01). Furthermore, vitamin A treatment was shown to decrease the level of nitric oxide production in a dose-dependent effect (p < 0.05), exhibiting the anti-inflammatory property of vitamin A in accelerating wound healing. These results may reveal the therapeutic potential of vitamin A in diabetic wound healing by stimulating regeneration, angiogenesis, and anti-inﬂammation responses.

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