Measurement of Age and Growth Rate in the Crustose Saxicolous Lichen Caloplaca Trachyphylla Using 14C Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Clark ◽  
N. F. Mangelson ◽  
L. L. St. Clair ◽  
L. B. Rees ◽  
G. S. Bench ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Radial Position ◽  
Radial Growth Rate

AbstractSections of the crustose saxicolous lichen, Caloplaca trachyphylla, were dated using 14C accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The data show a stron linear dependence of radial position on time (r=0.993), suggesting a constant radial growth rate. This specimen had averaged a marginal growth rate of 1.48 mm/year. Extrapolation of the growth curve yields a thallus age of 20 years. These data demonstrate the feasibility of using AMS technology to precisely date lichen tissues and determine growth rates of lichen thalli.

Growth and calcification of the freshwater cyanobacterium Rivularia haematites

1987 ◽  
Vol 232 (1266) ◽  
pp. 125-136 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Particle Trapping ◽  
Colony Surface ◽  
Inorganic Precipitation ◽  
First Time

The radial growth rate and calcification of a cyanobacterium, Rivularia haematites , has been measured in detail for the first time. Maximum radial growth rates of 12–14 μm d –1 were recorded during the summer and minimum rates of less than 2 μm d –1 during winter. There was a significant correlation ( p < 0.001, r = +0.929) between radial growth and water temperature. Differences in growth between sites were related to variation in water temperature and illumination. All colonies were heavily calcified and two patterns of calcification were noted: (i), a broad, seasonal band formed at the colony surface with calcification proceeding inwards, resulting from inorganic precipitation within the mucilage, probably augmented by particle trapping; and (ii), a series of finer secondary bands, probably formed as a result of photosynthetic activity within meristematic zones of the colonies. Colonization by Rivularia and its tolerance to emersion are also discussed briefly.

Osmotic effects on radial growth rate and specific growth rate of three soil fungi

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1434-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Sterne ◽  
T. H. McCarver
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Osmotic Potentials

The radial growth rate on osmotically adjusted agar medium and the relative specific growth rate in osmotically adjusted liquid medium were determined for Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium ultimum, and Verticillium dahliae. On basal medium, an isolate of P. ultimum and R. solani had similar radial growth rates of 0.52 and 0.47 mm/h, respectively, whereas V. dahliae grew at a rate of 0.08 mm/h. Radial growth rate was reduced 50% at osmotic potentials of −16, −27, and −32 bars for P. ultimum, R. solani, and V. dahliae, respectively. No growth occurred at −32 bars for P. ultimum, −56.2 bars for R. solani, and −100 bars for V. dahlia. Specific growth rates in liquid culture were 0.011 h−1 for P. ultimum, 0.008 h−1 for V. dahliae, and 0.026 h−1 for R. solani. Ratios of radial growth rate (Kr) to specific growth rate (αs) were computed for each fungus growing at different osmotic potentials. There was not a constant relationship between Kr on agar and αs in liquid medium, e.g., Kr/αs ratios varied from 8–41% from a mean ratio for a particular species. The results indicated that radial growth rate on osmotic agar was not useful as a measure of relative specific growth rate of a fungus in osmotically adjusted liquid medium.

Sapwood–heartwood proportion related to tree diameter, age, and growth rate in Piceaabies

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1022-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Sellin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Stem Base ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Competition For Light ◽  
Transverse Area

The relationships of sapwood radial width and transverse area to tree diameter, age, and growth rate were investigated in Piceaabies (L.) Karst. A total of 125 trees growing with (suppressed trees) and without (dominant trees) competition for light were sampled. Both sapwood and heartwood amounts showed an increase with diameter at the stem base, with the heartwood portion increasing more rapidly. In young trees sapwood prevails both in terms of diameter and transverse area. After trees have reached a certain age, the width of the sapwood band remains more or less constant (on average 7.8 cm for dominant and 2.0 cm for suppressed trees), and the heartwood amount exceeds that of sapwood. The percentage of heartwood in suppressed trees is substantially greater than in dominant trees of the same age. Sapwood amount is closely correlated with the tree diameter, but not with age. Tree age controls the number of rings in sapwood, while the sapwood width depends on the tree's radial growth rate as well.

 The Effect of a Pine Looper Moth Outbreak on the Radial Growth Rate of Pine

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 754-760
Author(s):  
V. G. Soukhovolsky ◽  
P. A. Krasnoperova ◽  
E. N. Pal’nikova ◽  
I. V. Sviderskaya ◽  
O. V. Tarasova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Radial Growth Rate

The Radial Growth-Rate of Yews (Taxus Baccata) at Hampton Court, Middlesex

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Donald Pigott
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Radial Growth Rate

Very High Growth Rate of 4H-SiC Using MTS as Chloride-Based Precursor

2008 ◽  
Vol 600-603 ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Pedersen ◽  
Stefano Leone ◽  
Anne Henry ◽  
Franziska Christine Beyer ◽  
Vanya Darakchieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Molar Fraction ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Epitaxial Layers ◽  
Single Precursor ◽  
Very High

The chlorinated precursor methyltrichlorosilane (MTS), CH3SiCl3, has been used to grow epitaxial layers of 4H-SiC in a hot wall CVD reactor, with growth rates as high as 170 µm/h at 1600°C. Since MTS contains both silicon and carbon, with the C/Si ratio 1, MTS was used both as single precursor and mixed with silane or ethylene to study the effect of the C/Si and Cl/Si ratios on growth rate and doping of the epitaxial layers. When using only MTS as precursor, the growth rate showed a linear dependence on the MTS molar fraction in the reactor up to about 100 µm/h. The growth rate dropped for C/Si < 1 but was constant for C/Si > 1. Further, the growth rate decreased with lower Cl/Si ratio.

GrowFruit: An IoT based Radial Growth Rate Monitoring Device for Fruit

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Anirbit Sengupta ◽  
Anwesha Mukherjee ◽  
Abhijit Das ◽  
Debashis De
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Monitoring Device ◽  
Radial Growth Rate

scholarly journals <sup>210</sup>Pb-<sup>226</sup>Ra chronology reveals rapid growth rate of <i>Madrepora oculata</i> and <i>Lophelia pertusa</i> on world's largest cold-water coral reef

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1253-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sabatier ◽  
J.-L. Reyss ◽  
J. M. Hall-Spencer ◽  
C. Colin ◽  
N. Frank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Lophelia Pertusa ◽  
Fe Oxide ◽  
Oxide Contamination ◽  
Water Coral

Abstract. Here we show the use of the 210Pb-226Ra excess method to determine the growth rate of two corals from the world's largest known cold-water coral reef, Røst Reef, north of the Arctic circle off Norway. Colonies of each of the two species that build the reef, Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata, were collected alive at 350 m depth using a submersible. Pb and Ra isotopes were measured along the major growth axis of both specimens using low level alpha and gamma spectrometry and trace element compositions were studied. 210Pb and 226Ra differ in the way they are incorporated into coral skeletons. Hence, to assess growth rates, we considered the exponential decrease of initially incorporated 210Pb, as well as the increase in 210Pb from the decay of 226Ra and contamination with 210Pb associated with Mn-Fe coatings that we were unable to remove completely from the oldest parts of the skeletons. 226Ra activity was similar in both coral species, so, assuming constant uptake of 210Pb through time, we used the 210Pb-226Ra chronology to calculate growth rates. The 45.5 cm long branch of M. oculata was 31 yr with an average linear growth rate of 14.4 ± 1.1 mm yr−1 (2.6 polyps per year). Despite cleaning, a correction for Mn-Fe oxide contamination was required for the oldest part of the colony; this correction corroborated our radiocarbon date of 40 yr and a mean growth rate of 2 polyps yr−1. This rate is similar to the one obtained in aquarium experiments under optimal growth conditions. For the 80 cm-long L. pertusa colony, metal-oxide contamination remained in both the middle and basal part of the coral skeleton despite cleaning, inhibiting similar age and growth rate estimates. The youngest part of the colony was free of metal oxides and this 15 cm section had an estimated a growth rate of 8 mm yr−1, with high uncertainty (~1 polyp every two to three years). We are less certain of this 210Pb growth rate estimate which is within the lowermost ranges of previous growth rate estimates. We show that 210Pb-226Ra dating can be successfully applied to determine the age and growth rate of framework-forming cold-water corals if Mn-Fe oxide deposits can be removed. Where metal oxides can be removed, large M. oculata and L. pertusa skeletons provide archives for studies of intermediate water masses with an up to annual time resolution and spanning over many decades.

scholarly journals Age, growth, and recruitment patterns of juvenile ladyfish (Elopssp) from the east coast of Florida (USA)

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1392
Author(s):  
Juan C. Levesque
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Growth Equation ◽  
Length Frequency ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Exponential Regression ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
Specific Growth Rates ◽  
Size At Age

Ladyfish (Elopssp) are a common and economically valuable coastal nearshore species found along coastal beaches, bays, and estuaries of the southeastern United States, and subtropical and tropical regions worldwide. Previously, ladyfish were a substantial bycatch in Florida’s commercial fisheries, but changes in regulations significantly reduced commercial landings. Today, ladyfish are still taken in commercial fisheries in Florida, but many are also taken by recreational anglers. Life-history information and research interest in ladyfish is almost non-existent, especially information on age and growth. Thus, the overarching purpose of this study was to expand our understanding of ladyfish age and growth characteristics. The specific objectives were to describe, for the first time, age, growth, and recruitment patterns of juvenile ladyfish from the east coast of Florida (USA). In the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), annual monthly length-frequency distributions were confounded because a few small individuals recruited throughout the year; monthly length-frequency data generally demonstrated a cyclical pattern. The smallest were collected in September and the largest in May. Post-hoc analysis showed no significant difference in length between August and May, or among the other months. In Volusia County (VC), annual monthly length-frequency distribution demonstrated growth generally occurred from late-winter and spring to summer. The smallest ladyfish were collected in February and the largest in August. On average, the absolute growth rate in the IRL was 36.3 mm in 60 days or 0.605 mm day−1. Cohort-specific daily growth rates, elevations, and coincidentals were similar among sampling years. Cohort-specific growth rates ranged from 1.807 in 1993 to 1.811 mm day−1in 1994. Overall, growth was best (i.e., goodness of fit) described by exponential regression. On average, the absolute growth rate in VC was 28 mm in 150 days or 0.1866 mm day−1. Cohort-specific daily growth rates were significantly different among sampling years; however, the elevations and coincidentals were similar. Cohort-specific growth rates ranged from 1.741 in 1994 to 1.933 mm day−1in 1993. Mean ladyfish growth was best described by linear regression; however, natural growth was explained better by exponential regression. In the IRL, the corrected exponential growth equation yielded a size-at-age 1 of 156.0 mm SL, which corresponded to an estimated growth rate of 0.4356 mm day−1. In VC, the corrected exponential growth equation yielded a size-at-age 1 of 80 mm SL corresponding to an estimated growth rate of 0.2361 mm day−1.

GROWTH OF THE SALMON EMBRYO

1943 ◽  
Vol 21d (2) ◽  
pp. 19-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Hayes ◽  
F. H. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Quantitative Relation ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Cycle Growth ◽  
Zero Time

Wet and dry weights of Atlantic salmon are given up to the end of yolk sac absorption, and from them the growth rates are determined. Attempts are made to smooth the growth curve by the methods of Brody, Murray-Schmalhausen, and MacDowell et al. Of these the last is best taking zero time as nine days after fertilization. It is concluded that, as to weight, the interval considered ends before the point of inflection of a Sachs growth cycle. Growth in length, however, represents a complete cycle, hence there can be no simple quantitative relation between length and weight. Deviations from the smoothly descending relative growth rate (RGR or Minot) curve are considered, with the conclusion that all such irregularities so far presented can be attributed to random errors (except possibly the posthatching rise in RGR of the trout at 12° reported by Wood). In general weighing is not sufficiently sensitive as a method, to permit a detailed description of the RGR.

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