Linguistic–Numeric Presentation Mode Effects on Risky Option Preferences

Purpose The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to identify a set of communication-based predictors (including both acoustic and gestural variables) of masculinity–femininity ratings and (b) to explore differences in ratings between audio and audiovisual presentation modes for transgender and cisgender communicators. Method The voices and gestures of a group of cisgender men and women ( n = 10 of each) and transgender women ( n = 20) communicators were recorded while they recounted the story of a cartoon using acoustic and motion capture recording systems. A total of 17 acoustic and gestural variables were measured from these recordings. A group of observers ( n = 20) rated each communicator's masculinity–femininity based on 30- to 45-s samples of the cartoon description presented in three modes: audio, visual, and audio visual. Visual and audiovisual stimuli contained point light displays standardized for size. Ratings were made using a direct magnitude estimation scale without modulus. Communication-based predictors of masculinity–femininity ratings were identified using multiple regression, and analysis of variance was used to determine the effect of presentation mode on perceptual ratings. Results Fundamental frequency, average vowel formant, and sound pressure level were identified as significant predictors of masculinity–femininity ratings for these communicators. Communicators were rated significantly more feminine in the audio than the audiovisual mode and unreliably in the visual-only mode. Conclusions Both study purposes were met. Results support continued emphasis on fundamental frequency and vocal tract resonance in voice and communication modification training with transgender individuals and provide evidence for the potential benefit of modifying sound pressure level, especially when a masculine presentation is desired.

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Dysarthric Sentence Intelligibility

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jslhr.4106.1282 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 1282-1293 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Jane Mertz Garcia ◽

Paul A. Dagenais

Keyword(s):

Speech Intelligibility ◽

Presentation Mode ◽

Contextual Influences ◽

Motor Functioning ◽

Video Presentation ◽

Independent Information ◽

Communicative Process ◽

Presentation Formats ◽

Sentence Intelligibility ◽

Audio Video

This study examined changes in the sentence intelligibility scores of speakers with dysarthria in association with different signal-independent factors (contextual influences). This investigation focused on the presence or absence of iconic gestures while speaking sentences with low or high semantic predictiveness. The speakers were 4 individuals with dysarthria, who varied from one another in terms of their level of speech intelligibility impairment, gestural abilities, and overall level of motor functioning. Ninety-six inexperienced listeners (24 assigned to each speaker) orthographically transcribed 16 test sentences presented in an audio + video or audio-only format. The sentences had either low or high semantic predictiveness and were spoken by each speaker with and without the corresponding gestures. The effects of signal-independent factors (presence or absence of iconic gestures, low or high semantic predictiveness, and audio + video or audio-only presentation formats) were analyzed for individual speakers. Not all signal-independent information benefited speakers similarly. Results indicated that use of gestures and high semantic predictiveness improved sentence intelligibility for 2 speakers. The other 2 speakers benefited from high predictive messages. The audio + video presentation mode enhanced listener understanding for all speakers, although there were interactions related to specific speaking situations. Overall, the contributions of relevant signal-independent information were greater for the speakers with more severely impaired intelligibility. The results are discussed in terms of understanding the contribution of signal-independent factors to the communicative process.

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Deciding the Adequacy of a Set of Tests for an Specific Assessment Situation. Decision-making Strategies

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759.12.1.14 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 14-22

Author(s):

R. Esteve ◽

A. Godoy

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Time Pressure ◽

Response Mode ◽

Information Load ◽

Variable Pattern ◽

Mode Effects ◽

Moderator Effects ◽

Specific Assessment ◽

Information Board ◽

Decision Importance

The aim of the present paper was to test the effects of response mode (choice vs. judgment) on decision-making strategies when subjects were faced with the task of deciding the adequacy of a set of tests for a specific assessment situation. Compared with choice, judgment was predicted to lead to more information sought, more time spent on the task, a less variable pattern of search, and a greater amount of interdimensional search. Three variables hypothesized as potential moderators of the response mode effects are also studied: time pressure, information load and decision importance. Using an information board, 300 subjects made decisions (choices and judgments) on tests for a concrete assessment situation, under high or low time pressure, high or low information load, and high or low decision importance. Response mode produced strong effects on all measures of decision behavior except for pattern of search. Moderator effects occurred for time pressure and information load.

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Overview and initial results of the National Center for Health Statistics’ Research and Development Survey1

Statistical Journal of the IAOS ◽

10.3233/sji-200678 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 1199-1211

Author(s):

Jennifer Parker ◽

Kristen Miller ◽

Yulei He ◽

Paul Scanlon ◽

Bill Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survey Data ◽

Evaluation Studies ◽

Research Area ◽

Production Cycle ◽

Response Patterns ◽

Health Statistics ◽

Mode Effects ◽

Research Areas ◽

Statistical Agencies ◽

Initial Results

The National Center for Health Statistics is assessing the usefulness of recruited web panels in multiple research areas. One research area examines the use of close-ended probe questions and split-panel experiments for evaluating question-response patterns. Another research area is the development of statistical methodology to leverage the strength of national survey data to evaluate, and possibly improve, health estimates from recruited panels. Recruited web panels, with their lower cost and faster production cycle, in combination with established population health surveys, may be useful for some purposes for statistical agencies. Our initial results indicate that web survey data from a recruited panel can be used for question evaluation studies without affecting other survey content. However, the success of these data to provide estimates that align with those from large national surveys will depend on many factors, including further understanding of design features of the recruited panel (e.g. coverage and mode effects), the statistical methods and covariates used to obtain the original and adjusted weights, and the health outcomes of interest.

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A two degrees of freedom comb capacitive-type accelerometer with low cross-axis sensitivity

JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND SCIENCES ◽

10.15282/jmes.13.3.2019.09.0435 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 5334-5346

Author(s):

M. N. Nguyen ◽

L. Q. Nguyen ◽

H. M. Chu ◽

H. N. Vu

Keyword(s):

Degrees Of Freedom ◽

Proof Mass ◽

Vibration Modes ◽

Electrode Structure ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Mechanical Coupling ◽

Fully Differential ◽

Mode Effects ◽

The Finite Element Analysis ◽

Cross Axis

In this paper, we report on a SOI-based comb capacitive-type accelerometer that senses acceleration in two lateral directions. The structure of the accelerometer was designed using a proof mass connected by four folded-beam springs, which are compliant to inertial displacement causing by attached acceleration in the two lateral directions. At the same time, the folded-beam springs enabled to suppress cross-talk causing by mechanical coupling from parasitic vibration modes. The differential capacitor sense structure was employed to eliminate common mode effects. The design of gap between comb fingers was also analyzed to find an optimally sensing comb electrode structure. The design of the accelerometer was carried out using the finite element analysis. The fabrication of the device was based on SOI-micromachining. The characteristics of the accelerometer have been investigated by a fully differential capacitive bridge interface using a sub-fF switched-capacitor integrator circuit. The sensitivities of the accelerometer in the two lateral directions were determined to be 6 and 5.5 fF/g, respectively. The cross-axis sensitivities of the accelerometer were less than 5%, which shows that the accelerometer can be used for measuring precisely acceleration in the two lateral directions. The accelerometer operates linearly in the range of investigated acceleration from 0 to 4g. The proposed accelerometer is expected for low-g applications.

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