The Impact of Positive and Negative Affect and Issue Framing on Issue Interpretation and Risk Taking

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Mittal ◽  
William T Ross
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Issue Framing ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Positive and Negative Affect Changes during Gender-Affirming Hormonal Treatment: Results from the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Imke Matthys ◽  
Justine Defreyne ◽  
Els Elaut ◽  
Alessandra Daphne Fisher ◽  
Baudewijntje P. C. Kreukels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
European Network ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
The Impact

Improving transgender people’s quality of life (QoL) is the most important goal of gender-affirming care. Prospective changes in affect can influence QoL. We aim to assess the impact of initiating gender-affirming hormonal treatment (HT) on affect. In the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI) study, we prospectively collected data of 873 participants (451 transwomen (TW) and 422 transmen (TM)). At baseline, psychological questionnaires including the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) were administered. The PANAS, levels of sex steroids and physical changes were registered at each follow-up visit during a 3-year follow-up period, starting at the initiation of hormonal therapy. Data were analyzed cross-sectionally and prospectively. Over the first three months, we observed a decline in positive affect (PA) in both TM and TW. Thereafter, PA reached a steady state in TW, whereas in TM there was also a second decline at 18 months. In both TM and TW there was no persisting difference comparing baseline to the 36-months results. Concerning negative affect (NA), we observed a decline during the first year in TM, which sustained during the second year and was not different anymore at 36 months compared to baseline. In TW though, we did not find any change of NA during the entire follow-up. Even if some of these results show significant differences, they should be considered with caution, since there was no control group and the absolute differences are small. No association between affect and the level of sex steroids was observed. Baseline QoL and psychological burden are related to affect independently from gender but are not necessarily good predictors of the evolution of one’s affect during the gender-affirming process. Further research is necessary to investigate these preliminary results.

scholarly journals INTERVENTIONS IN SOCIAL NETWORKS: IMPACT ON MOOD AND NETWORK DYNAMICS

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 1550016 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANICA VUKADINOVIĆ GREETHAM ◽  
ABHIJIT SENGUPTA ◽  
ROBERT HURLING ◽  
JOY WILKINSON
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Centrality Measures ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Friendship Networks ◽  
Gratitude Intervention ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Results from two studies on longitudinal friendship networks are presented, exploring the impact of a gratitude intervention on positive and negative affect dynamics in a social network. The gratitude intervention had been previously shown to increase positive affect and decrease negative affect in an individual but dynamic group effects have not been considered. In the first study, the intervention was administered to the whole network. In the second study, two social networks are considered and in each only a subset of individuals, initially low/high in negative affect respectively received the intervention as "agents of change". Data was analyzed using stochastic actor-based modeling techniques to identify resulting network changes, impact on positive and negative affect and potential contagion of mood within the group. The first study found a group level increase in positive and a decrease in negative affect. Homophily was detected with regard to positive and negative affect but no evidence of contagion was found. The network itself became more volatile along with a fall in rate of change of negative affect. Centrality measures indicated that the best broadcasters were the individuals with the least negative affect levels at the beginning of the study. In the second study, the positive and negative affect levels for the whole group depended on the initial levels of negative affect of the intervention recipients. There was evidence of positive affect contagion in the group where intervention recipients had low initial level of negative affect and contagion in negative affect for the group where recipients had initially high level of negative affect.

scholarly journals A View of Waste Might Decrease Relaxation: The Effects of Viewing an Open Dump in a Forest Environment on the Psychological Response of Healthy Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bielinis Ernest ◽  
Janeczko Emilia ◽  
Takayama Norimasa ◽  
Słupska Alicja ◽  
Korcz Natalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Forest Recreation ◽  
Psychological Indicators ◽  
Outdoor Experience ◽  
The Impact

AbstractForest recreation can be successfully used for the psychological relaxation of respondents and can be used as a remedy for common problems with stress. The special form of forest recreation intended for restoration is forest bathing. These activities might be distracted by some factors, such as viewing buildings in the forest or using a computer in nature, which interrupt psychological relaxation. One factor that might interrupt psychological relaxation is the occurrence of an open dump in the forest during an outdoor experience. To test the hypothesis that an open dump might decrease psychological relaxation, a case study was planned that used a randomized, controlled crossover design. For this purpose, two groups of healthy young adults viewed a control forest or a forest with an open dump in reverse order and filled in psychological questionnaires after each stimulus. A pretest was used. Participants wore oblique eye patches to stop their visual stimulation before the experimental stimulation, and the physical environment was monitored. The results were analyzed using the two-way repeated measures ANOVA. The measured negative psychological indicators significantly increased after viewing the forest with waste, and the five indicators of the Profile of Mood States increased: Tension-Anxiety, Depression-Dejection, Anger-Hostility, Fatigue, and Confusion. In addition, the negative aspect of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule increased in comparison to the control and pretest. The measured positive indicators significantly decreased after viewing the forest with waste, the positive aspect of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule decreased, and the Restorative Outcome Scale and Subjective Vitality scores decreased (in comparison to the control and pretest). The occurrence of an open dump in the forest might interrupt a normal restorative experience in the forest by reducing psychological relaxation. Nevertheless, the mechanism of these relevancies is not known, and thus, it will be further investigated. In addition, in a future study, the size of the impact of these open dumps on normal everyday experiences should be investigated. It is proposed that different mechanisms might be responsible for these reactions; however, the aim of this manuscript is to only measure this reaction. The identified psychological reasons for these mechanisms can be assessed in further studies.

scholarly journals Blinded by our emotions: The impact of borderline personality disorder and affect on emotion recognition sensitivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 204380871881887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kibby McMahon ◽  
Kwanguk Kim ◽  
Caitlin M. Fang ◽  
Andrada D. Neacsiu ◽  
M. Zachary Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
The Impact

Previous studies have demonstrated abnormalities in emotion recognition within individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, it is yet unknown how much these abnormalities can be attributed to emotional states or affect. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the independent effects of BPD, positive affect, and negative affect on emotion recognition sensitivity. We recruited a mixed, transdiagnostic community sample of 118 adults diagnosed with either a personality disorder, only an affective disorder, or without psychopathology. Participants completed self-report assessments of positive and negative affect and two behavioral assessments of emotion recognition sensitivity. We found that both positive and negative affect predict lower overall emotion recognition sensitivity in both tasks, beyond the effect of BPD. We did not find a significant, independent effect of the diagnosis of BPD. Additionally, we found that the diagnosis of BPD moderated the relationship between negative affect and emotion recognition sensitivity within one task. Findings from the present study suggest that sensitivity to other people’s emotional expressions may be influenced by affect beyond the effect of the BPD diagnosis. The implications for future research efforts on emotion recognition and BPD are discussed.

The Layers of The Onion: The Impact of Satirical News on Affect and Online Sharing Behaviors

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-92
Author(s):  
Elise M. Stevens ◽  
Karen McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
News Story ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Affective States ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Social Sharing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The Onion is a satirical news site that has been growing in popularity over the last two decades. Based on theories in affect and social sharing, the current studies examined the impact of this online satirical news to understand its impact on affective states and online sharing. In Study 1, participants ( N = 147) either viewed a satirical or serious (frame) news story and then were asked about affective states and sharing behaviors. In Study 2, participants ( N = 143) viewed one of the two frames but on Instagram. In Study 1, results showed that serious news stories increased both positive and negative affect. Only positive affect mediated the relationship between frame and sharing. In Study 2, results showed that satirical Instagram posts were positively associated with negative affect, which mediated the relationship between frame and sharing. This study shows the important implications of online satirical news and illuminates how different platforms can affect audiences.

scholarly journals A View of Waste Might Decrease Relaxation: The Effects of Viewing an Open Dump in a Forest Environment on the Psychological Response of Healthy Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Bielinis ◽  
Emilia Janeczko ◽  
Norimasa Takayama ◽  
Anna Zawadzka ◽  
Alicja Słupska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Forest Recreation ◽  
Psychological Indicators ◽  
Outdoor Experience ◽  
The Impact

Forest recreation can be successfully used for the psychological relaxation of respondents and can be used as a remedy for common problems with stress. The special form of forest recreation intended for restoration is forest bathing. These activities might be distracted by some factors, such as viewing buildings in the forest or using a computer in nature, which interrupt psychological relaxation. One factor that might interrupt psychological relaxation is the occurrence of an open dump in the forest during an outdoor experience. To test the hypothesis that an open dump might decrease psychological relaxation, a case study was planned that used a randomized, controlled crossover design. For this purpose, two groups of healthy young adults viewed a control forest or a forest with an open dump in reverse order and filled in psychological questionnaires after each stimulus. A pretest was used. Participants wore oblique eye patches to stop their visual stimulation before the experimental stimulation, and the physical environment was monitored. The results were analyzed using the two-way repeated measures ANOVA. The measured negative psychological indicators significantly increased after viewing the forest with waste, and the five indicators of the Profile of Mood States increased: Tension-Anxiety, Depression-Dejection, Anger-Hostility, Fatigue, and Confusion. In addition, the negative aspect of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule increased in comparison to the control and pretest. The measured positive indicators significantly decreased after viewing the forest with waste, the positive aspect of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule decreased, and the Restorative Outcome Scale and Subjective Vitality scores decreased (in comparison to the control and pretest). The occurrence of an open dump in the forest might interrupt a normal restorative experience in the forest by reducing psychological relaxation. Nevertheless, the mechanism of these relevancies is not known, and thus, it will be further investigated. In addition, in a future study, the size of the impact of these open dumps on normal everyday experiences should be investigated. It is proposed that different mechanisms might be responsible for these reactions; however, the aim of this manuscript is to only measure this reaction. The identified psychological reasons for these mechanisms can be assessed in further studies.

Creativity as an Attribute of Positive Psychology: The Impact of Positive and Negative Affect on the Creative Personality

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Charyton ◽  
Shannon Hutchison ◽  
Lindsay Snow ◽  
Mohammed A. Rahman ◽  
John O. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Creative Personality ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Positive and Negative Affect: Impact on Empathy and Prosocial Behaviour among College Going Adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Prosocial Behaviour ◽  
College Going ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The positive affect means the different level of moods of an individual on subjective basis such as joy, interest and being alert. It refers to the condition where the individual have positive emotions and feelings involving physiological arousal, thinking process and behaviour. Positive affect also involving the interaction of an individual with the environment and its surroundings. The people shows the characteristics of being full of energy, active, are generally high on positive affect and characteristics like sad, lethargic, stress are examples of the negative affect. Empathy refers to the different kind of experiences. The researchers have defined empathy as ability of a person to feel other’s emotions including the feeling and thinking. Therefore it includes an experience that involves understanding others conditions or emotions from their perspective. Empathy increases the prosocial behaviour. The prosocial behaviour means actions which are positive in nature but does benefit others and it includes the moral values, sense of responsibility and does not have any personal gains from such behaviour. It is a kind of voluntary actions that benefits not only the individual itself but also the society as a whole. The aim of the current investigation was to study the impact of positive and negative affect on empathy and prosocial behaviour. For this study, Positive and negative affect scale (PANAS; Watson et al., 1988), Empathy scale (Levine et al., 2009), and Prosocial Tendencies Measure scale (Randall et al., 2003) were administered to the sample of 100 students in the age range of 18-21 years. The sample was taken from different colleges of Chandigarh. An inter-correlation matrix was calculated to see the relationship. The results have shown significant and positive relationship between positive affect, empathy and prosocial behavior. The correlation between positive and empathy is (r = 0.33) and positive affect and prosocial behavior is (r = 0.30). The significant and negative relationship is found between negative affect, empathy and prosocial behavior. The correlation between negative affect and empathy is(r = -0.29) and negative affect and prosocial behavior is (r = -0.27). The result is found to be significant at 0.01 levels.

scholarly journals Comparison of Two Ecological Momentary Intervention Modules for Treatment of Depression on Momentary Positive and Negative Affect

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daan A. Ornée ◽  
Albertine J. Oldehinkel ◽  
Jojanneke A. Bastiaansen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Self Assessments ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Background: Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), comprising repeated self-assessments in daily life, have shown promise as an intervention strategy for depression. Whether the content of such assessments influences affect has hardly received attention. The current study consists of two EMA intervention (EMI) modules, enabling us to compare the impact of EMI content on the course of momentary affect during the intervention. Methods: The intervention, implemented as add-on to regular depression treatment, consists of intensive self-monitoring (5x/day, 28 days) and weekly personalized feedback. Patients with depressive complaints (N = 110; Mage = 32.9, SD = 12.2; 44.5% male) were randomly assigned to one of two treatment modules focusing on activities and positive affect (“Do”) or on thoughts and negative affect (“Think”). Results: Linear mixed models showed no significant (p > .18) differences between the two modules on both positive and negative affect over time. Across modules positive affect showed an initial decreasing trend, leveling off towards the end of the intervention period. Negative affect did not change significantly over time (p > .06). Limitations: Both modules assessed positive and negative affect, enabling a direct comparison but potentially decreasing the impact of their differential focus. Conclusions: In our sample, the focus of the EMI was not associated with differential effects on momentary affect. This implies that a focus on thoughts and negative affect compared to positive affect and activities may not lead to added adverse effects on mood, which is an often-voiced concern when using EMA in both research and clinical practice.

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