Seismic Activity Associated with Surface Environmental Changes of the Earth System, around Syowa Station, East Antarctica

Antarctica ◽  
2006 ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Kanao ◽  
Katsutada Kaminuma
2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 3195-3198
Author(s):  
Jian Cheng Kang ◽  
Xiaochen Su

Global Climate and Environmental Change is an international hot field. To enhance native awareness on climate change is one mission of "State Policy and Action on Climate Change 2009 in China". As an implement, a course on Global Climate and Environmental Change has been opened in Shanghai Normal University since 2005. The course includes three fields. In the first field, it is introduced on which problems and harms have been caused from Global Climate and Environmental Changes according to UNEP Year Books 2003~2013. In the second field, to introduce the Earth System and Climate-Environment Change. In the third part, the hot climate-environmental issues are analyzed and discussed. By joining this course, the students have understanding earth system science and global change. It helped students to set up the view of ecological civilization of the harmonious development between human and nature, inspire students responsibility to protect the earth. During past 8 year, there were 4 to 5 classes opening for different levels in Shanghai Normal University for each year, more than 1000 students joined the study in the course.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etor E. Lucio-Eceiza ◽  
Christopher Kadow ◽  
Martin Bergemann ◽  
Mahesh Ramadoss ◽  
Brian Lewis ◽  
...  

<p>The number of damaging events caused by natural disasters are increasing because of climate change. Projects of public interest such as ClimXtreme (Climate Change and Extreme Events [1, 2]), aim to improve our knowledge of extreme events, the influence of environmental changes and their societal impacts.</p> <p>ClimXtreme takes a holistic approach this problem through different knowledge areas. For that, projects like this need a coordinate effort from many interdisciplinary groups. On the other hand, the continuous improvement of numerical models and increase on observational data availability provides researchers with a growing amount of data to analyze, and the need for greater resources to host, access, and evaluate them efficiently through High Performance Computing (HPC) infrastructures is growing more than ever. Finally, the emphasis these last years on FAIR data principles [3] and the easy reproducibility of evaluation workflows also requires a framework that facilitates these tasks. Freva (Free Evaluation System Framework [4, 5]) is an efficient solution to handle customizable evaluation systems of large research projects, institutes or universities in the Earth system community [6-8] over the HPC environment and in a centralized manner.</p> <p>Freva is a scientific software infrastructure for standardized data and analysis tools (plugins) that provides all its available features both in a shell and web environment. Written in python, is equipped with a standardized model database, an application-programming interface (API) and a history of evaluations, among others:</p> <ul> <li>An implemented metadata system in SOLR with its own search tool allows scientists and their plugins to retrieve the required information from a centralized database. The databrowser interface satisfies the international standards provided by the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF, e.g. [9]).</li> <li>An API allows scientific developers to connect their plugins with the evaluation system independently of the programming language. The connected plugins are able to access from and integrate their results back to the database, allowing for a concatenation of plugins as well. This ecosystem increases the number of scientists involved in the studies, boosting the interchange of results and ideas. It also fosters an active collaboration between plugin developers.</li> <li>The history and configuration sub-system stores every analysis performed with Freva in a MySQL database. Analysis configurations and results can be searched and shared among the scientists, offering transparency and reproducibility, and saving CPU hours, I/O, disk space and time.</li> </ul> <p>The usage of Freva in the context of ongoing large projects like ClimXtreme will be discussed. Additionally, major updates of the software, system deployment, and core functionalities will be presented.</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>References:</strong></p> <p>[1] https://www.fona.de/de/massnahmen/foerdermassnahmen/climxtreme.php</p> <p>[2] https://www.climxtreme.net/index.php/en/</p> <p>[3] https://www.go-fair.org/fair-principles/</p> <p>[4] Kadow, C. et al. , 2021. Introduction to Freva – A Free Evaluation System Framework for Earth System Modeling. <em>JORS</em>. http://doi.org/10.5334/jors.253</p> <p>[5] gitlab.dkrz.de/freva</p> <p>[6] freva.met.fu-berlin.de</p> <p>[7] https://www.xces.dkrz.de/</p> <p>[8] www-regiklim.dkrz.de</p> <p>[9] https://esgf-data.dkrz.de/projects/esgf-dkrz/</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas H. Kitzmann ◽  
Jonathan F. Donges ◽  
Xuemei Bai ◽  
Steven Lade ◽  
Pawel Romanczuk ◽  
...  

<p>In the Anthropocene, socio-economic systems are an integral and highly interconnected part of Earth System. The internal dynamics of these systems will decide whether the Earth can remain in, or return to, a resilient state that resembles the Holocene. Understanding these dynamics thus represents an important aspect of Earth System Science.</p><p>To prevent the irreversible crossing of Planetary Boundaries, a rapid, global societal shift towards decarbonization and sustainability is imperative. Incremental political measures have thus far proven to be insufficient to adequately address this necessity. Social Contagion and Tipping Processes related to sustainable behavior and innovations represent some of the few promising mechanisms by which the societal and economic transformation may be achieved in the remaining window of opportunity.</p><p>Such contagion processes are not limited to individual human beings; in their high political responsiveness and cultural radiance, cities may also be viewed as promising agents in the sustainability transformation. Responsible for a dis-proportionally large part of greenhouse gas emissions, and simultaneously one of the main drivers of sustainable policy innovation and implementation, cities may play a unique role in the global sustainability transformation. Learning from each other to reduce, prepare for and react to the coming environmental changes, they can be conceptualized as nodes in a globe-spanning network. Investigating such a learning network model may yield insights into the social tipping dynamics that are so urgently needed to control the human impacts on the Earth System.</p><p>The study presented here aims to identify whether network-based contagion effects are dominant in sustainability policy adoption by cities. An attempt is made to approximate the inter-city innovation spreading network using the global air traffic network, political and trade relations, and other city-to-city connections. These networks are extracted from empirical data, and their prediction power is compared. We analyze the spreading of several municipal policies and innovations related to sustainability transformations as contagion processes on these inter-city networks. Surrogate data methods and a dose-response-contagion approach are used to identify network-spreading-correlations. We then investigate the nature of the spreading process by attempting to reproduce it using statistical models. Examples for investigated spreading innovations are the implementation of Bus Rapid Transit public transport systems, and membership in a sustainability organization.</p>


PAGES news ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Whitlock ◽  
Willy Tinner
Keyword(s):  

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline A. Masiello ◽  
◽  
Jonathan J. Silberg ◽  
Hsiao-Ying Cheng ◽  
Ilenne Del Valle ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Schoenle ◽  
Manon Hohlfeld ◽  
Karoline Hermanns ◽  
Frédéric Mahé ◽  
Colomban de Vargas ◽  
...  

AbstractHeterotrophic protists (unicellular eukaryotes) form a major link from bacteria and algae to higher trophic levels in the sunlit ocean. Their role on the deep seafloor, however, is only fragmentarily understood, despite their potential key function for global carbon cycling. Using the approach of combined DNA metabarcoding and cultivation-based surveys of 11 deep-sea regions, we show that protist communities, mostly overlooked in current deep-sea foodweb models, are highly specific, locally diverse and have little overlap to pelagic communities. Besides traditionally considered foraminiferans, tiny protists including diplonemids, kinetoplastids and ciliates were genetically highly diverse considerably exceeding the diversity of metazoans. Deep-sea protists, including many parasitic species, represent thus one of the most diverse biodiversity compartments of the Earth system, forming an essential link to metazoans.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
A. F. Purkhauser ◽  
J. A. Koch ◽  
R. Pail

Abstract The GRACE mission has demonstrated a tremendous potential for observing mass changes in the Earth system from space for climate research and the observation of climate change. Future mission should on the one hand extend the already existing time series and also provide higher spatial and temporal resolution that is required to fulfil all needs placed on a future mission. To analyse the applicability of such a Next Generation Gravity Mission (NGGM) concept regarding hydrological applications, two GRACE-FO-type pairs in Bender formation are analysed. The numerical closed loop simulations with a realistic noise assumption are based on the short arc approach and make use of the Wiese approach, enabling a self-de-aliasing of high-frequency atmospheric and oceanic signals, and a NRT approach for a short latency. Numerical simulations for future gravity mission concepts are based on geophysical models, representing the time-variable gravity field. First tests regarding the usability of the hydrology component contained in the Earth System Model (ESM) by the European Space Agency (ESA) for the analysis regarding a possible flood monitoring and detection showed a clear signal in a third of the analysed flood cases. Our analysis of selected cases found that detection of floods was clearly possible with the reconstructed AOHIS/HIS signal in 20% of the tested examples, while in 40% of the cases a peak was visible but not clearly recognisable.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Els Weinans ◽  
Anne Willem Omta ◽  
George A. K. van Voorn ◽  
Egbert H. van Nes

AbstractThe sawtooth-patterned glacial-interglacial cycles in the Earth’s atmospheric temperature are a well-known, though poorly understood phenomenon. Pinpointing the relevant mechanisms behind these cycles will not only provide insights into past climate dynamics, but also help predict possible future responses of the Earth system to changing CO$$_2$$ 2 levels. Previous work on this phenomenon suggests that the most important underlying mechanisms are interactions between marine biological production, ocean circulation, temperature and dust. So far, interaction directions (i.e., what causes what) have remained elusive. In this paper, we apply Convergent Cross-Mapping (CCM) to analyze paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic records to elucidate which mechanisms proposed in the literature play an important role in glacial-interglacial cycles, and to test the directionality of interactions. We find causal links between ocean ventilation, biological productivity, benthic $$\delta ^{18}$$ δ 18 O and dust, consistent with some but not all of the mechanisms proposed in the literature. Most importantly, we find evidence for a potential feedback loop from ocean ventilation to biological productivity to climate back to ocean ventilation. Here, we propose the hypothesis that this feedback loop of connected mechanisms could be the main driver for the glacial-interglacial cycles.


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